Citation:

PANGAEA.940724

Name: Global Early Instrumental Monthly Meteorological Multivariable Database (HCLIM)
Published: 2022-02-07
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: de-duplication; early instrumental; paleoclimatology; Paleometeorology; quality control; Time series

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Abstract:

There is a growing need for past weather and climate data to support science and decision-making. This paper describes the compilation and the construction of a global multivariable (air temperature, pressure, precipitation sum, number of precipitation days) monthly instrumental climate database that encompasses a substantial body of the known early instrumental time series. The dataset contains series compiled from existing databases that start before 1890 (though continuing to the present) as well as a large amount of newly rescued data. All series underwent a quality control procedure and subdaily series were processed to monthly mean values. An inventory was compiled, and the collection was deduplicated based on coordinates and mutual correlations. The data are provided in a common format accompanied by the inventory. The collection totals 12452 meteorological records in 118 countries. The data has been merged from 18250 original data files. The data can be used for climate reconstructions and analyses. It is the most comprehensive global monthly climate data set for the preindustrial period.

Keyword(s):

de-duplication; early instrumental; paleoclimatology; Paleometeorology; quality control; Time series

Supplement to:

Lundstad, Elin; Brugnara, Yuri; Pappert, Duncan; Kopp, Jérôme; Samakinwa, Eric; Hürzeler, André; Andersson, Axel; Chimani, Barbara; Cornes, Richard C; Demarée, G; Filipiak, Janusz; Gates, L; Ives, Gemma L; Jones, Julie M; Jourdain, Sylvie; Kiss, Andrea; Nicholson, Sharon E; Przybylak, Rajmund; Jones, Philip D; Rousseau, Daniel; Tinz, Birger; Rodrigo, Fernando S; Grab, Stefan; Domínguez-Castro, Fernando; Slonosky, Victoria; Cooper, J; Brunet, Manola; Brönnimann, Stefan (2023): The global historical climate database HCLIM. Scientific Data, 10(1), 44, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01919-w

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Other version:

Compact version of the HCLIM database

Original files for air temperature (HCLIM)

Original files for atmospheric pressure (HCLIM)

Original files for number of precipitation days (HCLIM)

Original files for precipitation sum (HCLIM)

Original files for station pressure (HCLIM)

Project(s):

A Palaeoreanalysis To Understand Decadal Climate Variability (PALAEO-RA)

Funding:

European Research Council (ERC), grant/award no. 787574 : A Palaeoreanalysis To Understand Decadal Climate Variability

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 6.381075 * Median Longitude: -165.917583 * South-bound Latitude: -54.810000 * West-bound Longitude: 7.268155 * North-bound Latitude: 81.730000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.788093

Date/Time Start: 1586-01-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2021-12-31T00:00:00

Event(s):

GlobCover * Latitude Start: 90.000000 * Longitude Start: -180.000000 * Latitude End: -90.000000 * Longitude End: 180.000000

Comment:

Other sources used:

National weather services:

Deutscher Wetterdienst: https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/observations_germany/climate/

Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut: http://projects.knmi.nl/klimatologie/daggegevens/antieke_wrn/index.html

MétéoFrance: https://meteofrance.com/comprendre-climat/etudier-climat-passe & https://nextcloud.meteo.fr/s/fbALNMQTasftcqi

Norsk Meteorologisk Institutt: https://seklima.met.no/observations/

Roshydromet Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт: http://meteo.ru/english/climate/cl_data.php

Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institut: https://www.smhi.se/data/meteorologi/temperatur

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Others:

Atmospheric Circulation Reconstructions over the Earth (R. Allen):

Berkeley Earth data: https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/global-surface-temperatures-best-berkeley-earth-surface-temperatures

Brugnara, Y. (2021). Global early instrumental climate data digitized at the University of Bern. Bern Open Repository and Information System. https://doi.org/10.48620/7

Brugnara, Y. Swiss Early Meteorological Observations (CHIMES), PAN-GAEA (2020) https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909141

C3-EURO4M-MEDARE Mediterranean historical climate data (MEDARE): doi:10.5281/zenodo.7531

Dove, H. W.: Temperaturtafeln nebst Bemerkungen¸ über die Verbreitung der Temperatur auf der Oberfläche der Erde und ihre jährlichen periodischen Schwankungen. Erste, Zweite, Dritte und Vierte Abhandlung. Berlin (1838, 1839, 1842).

DWD - overseas data: https://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/overseas_stations/overseas_stations.html

ENOWA data (Rodrigo, 2021): http://repositorio.ual.es/handle/10835/10636

European Climate Assessment & Dataset: https://www.ecad.eu/

Forts and volunteer Observer Database: https://mrcc.purdue.edu/data_serv/cdmp/cdmp.jsp

Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN): https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/land-based-station-data/land-based-datasets/global-historical-climatology-network-monthly-version-4

HARD 2.0 - Historical Arctic Database: http://www.hardv2.prac.umk.pl/

Historical Instrumental Climatological Surface Time Series of the Greater Alpine Region:

http://www.met-acre.org/Home

http://www.zamg.ac.at/histalp/index.php

https://jefferson-weather-records.org/

ISTI data: http://www.surfacetemperatures.org/

Japan-Asia Climate Data Program: https://jcdp.jp/instrumental-meteorological-data/

Open Data Rescue (Canada): https://opendatarescue.org

Precipitation data from Africa: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00212.1

SEA – Historical Climate Data (Australia): https://lindenashcroft.com/research/

Societas Meteorologica Palatina, Ephemerides Societatis Meteorologicae Palatinae: Observations anni 1781-92, vols. 12, edited by: Hemmer, 615J.J., Mannheim (1783-95).

Southeast Asian Climate Assessment & Dataset (SACA&D): https://www.climateurope.eu/southeast-asian-climate-assessment-dataset-sacad/

Stockholm Historical Weather Observations (A. Moberg): https://bolin.su.se/data/stockholm

The International Surface Pressure Databank (ISPD): https://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds132.2/

Toaldo, G.: La Meteorologia applicata all'Agricoltura, Storti, Venice (1775).

License:

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