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Spinale Zysten

Diagnostik und Therapie

Spinal cysts

Diagnostic workup and therapy

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Zusammenfassung

Klinisches Problem

Spinale Zysten können in meningeale, nichtmeningeale und tumorassoziierte Zysten eingeteilt werden. Durch die weite Verbreitung von hochauflösenden Computer- und Magnetresonanztomographen können spinale Zysten heutzutage mit einer hohen Sensitivität erkannt werden. Eine genaue Klassifikation kann sich unter der Vielzahl der möglichen zystischen Differenzialdiagnosen schwierig gestalten und ist häufig nur durch eine chirurgische Inspektion oder die histologische Untersuchung möglich.

Empfehlungen für die Praxis

Meistens werden spinale Zysten bei der Routinediagnostik als Zufallsbefunde entdeckt und benötigen keine weitere Therapie. Erreichen sie allerdings eine gewisse Größe, können sie raumfordernd auf das Myelon oder einzelne Nervenwurzeln wirken und somit ausgeprägte neurologische Symptome verursachen. In solchen Fällen ist ein chirurgisches Vorgehen zur Resektion einer spinalen Zyste notwendig.

Abstract

Clinical issue

Spinal cysts can be classified as meningeal, not meningeal, and tumor-associated cysts. Due to the widespread availability of high-resolution computed tomography and magnet resonance imaging, spinal cysts can be detected with high sensitivity these days. Concerning the variety of potential cystic differential diagnoses, a precise classification is difficult and can often only be realized after surgical inspection or histological examination.

Practical recommendations

Spinal cysts are generally incidental findings during a routine diagnostic workup and need no further therapy. Surgical treatment can be necessary if the spinal cyst reaches a certain size and causes neurological symptoms due to the compression of the spinal cord or the nerve root.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66424, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland

    A. Simgen

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A. Simgen gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Simgen, A. Spinale Zysten. Radiologe 58, 113–119 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-017-0350-8

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