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Calorimetric validation of13C bicarbonate and doubly labeled water method for determining the energy expenditure in goats

Kalorimetrische Validierung der13C-Bicarbonat- und der Wasser-Doppelmarkierungsmethode zur Bestimmung des Energieumsatzes bei Ziegen

  • Energy Metabolism
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Summary

The purpose of the present study was to validate the13C bicarbonate method (13C-M) and the doubly labeled water method (DLWM) for the estimation of the CO2 production R(CO2) in goats as a ruminant model. Indirect calorimetry was chosen as the reference method. Studies were carried out in 2 male African dwarf goats at 3 different developing stages (age: 5, 10, and 14 months, body mass: 14.6, 20.3, and 21.7 kg). Animals were fed a balanced feed 14 days before and during the studies. The isotope tracers (4 mg/kg NaH13CO3, 120 mg/kg2H2O, and 75 mg/kg H2 18O; 99 At.-%) were simultaneously given as a single pulse injection into the jugular vein. Thereafter, the animals were kept for 8 days in two respiration chambers (volume of chamber: 2.85 m3, air flow rate: 25 1 / min) for the estimation of CO2 production and O2 consumption. For the determination of R(CO2) using the13C-M samples of exhaled breath were drawn from the respiration chambers. The13C enrichment and CO2 concentration of breath samples were measured by means of an infrared isotope analyzer. In order to determine R(CO2) by means of the DLWM, blood serum was used. The2H and18O enrichments were measured by an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Urine samples were collected over 24 h to quantify renal water losses.

The R(CO2) was calculated by means of the13C-M using the area under the13C enrichment-time curve. The determination of R(CO2) by means of the DLWM was based on the slopes of the2H and18O disappearance curves and the body water pool obtained from the zero time intercept of the isotope curves.

The values of R(CO2) resulting from the13C-M were found to be comparable with those from the calorimetric measurement. Smaller (not statistically significant) values of R(CO2) - 92% from13C-M and 87% from DLWM - compared to the indirect calorimetry could indicate the incorporation of13C and2H into metabolites other than CO2 and H2O, respectively. The body water contents calculated from the zero time intercepts of the2H and18O disappearence curves amounted to 66% and 63%, respectively. The body water content was found to be not related to the age of animals. The renal water loss was calculated to be 35% of the total water loss (0.76 l/d).

Zusammenfassung

Zweck der vorliegenden Untersuchung war die Validierung der13C-Bicarbonat-Methode (13C-M) und der doppeltmarkierten Wassermethode (DLWM) zur Bestimmung der CO2-Produktion R(CO2) bei Ziegen als Wiederkäuermodell. Die indirekte Kalorimetrie war als Referenzmethode ausgewählt worden. Die Untersuchungen wurden an 2 Afrikanischen Zwergziegen bei 3 unterschiedlichen Entwicklungsstadien (Alter: 5, 10 und 14 Monate, Körpermasse: 14,6, 20,3 und 21,7 kg) durchgeführt. Die Tiere wurden 14 Tage vor und während der Untersuchung bilanziert gefüttert. Die Isotopentracer (4 mg/kg NaH13CO3, 120 mg/kg2H2O and 75 mg/kg H2 18O; 99 At.-%) wurden simultan als einmalige impulsförmige Dosis in die Vena jugularis injiziert. Danach befanden sich die Tiere für 8 Tage in zwei Respirationskammern (Kammervolumen: 2,85 m3, Luftdurchsatz: 25 l/ min), um die CO2-Produktion und den O2-Verbrauch zu bestimmen. Für die Bestimmung von R(CO2) mit Hilfe der13C-M wurden Proben der Ausatemluft aus den Respirationskammern gezogen. Die Messung der13C-Anreicherung und der CO2-Konzentration der Atemproben erfolgte mittels eines Infrarot-Analysators. Für die Bestimmung von R(CO2) mittels der DLWM wurde Blutserum verwendet. Die2H- und18O-Anreicherungen wurden massenspektrometrisch gemessen. Urinproben wurden zur Quantifizierung des renalen Harnverlusts über 24h gesammelt. R(CO2) wurde mittcls der13C-M unter Verwendung der Fläche unter13C-Anreicherung-Zeit-Kurve berechnet. Die Bestimmung von R(CO2) mittels der DLWM basierte auf den Anstiegen der2H- und18O-Kurven und dem Körperwasser-Pool. Die Werte von R(CO2) aus der13C-M war vergleichbar mit denen aus kalorimetrischen Messungen. Die im Vergleich zur indirekten Kalorimetrie kleineren (nicht statistisch signifikant) Werte von R(CO2) — 92% aus13C-M und 87% aus DLWM — deuten auf die Inkorporation von13C und2H in andere Metaboliten als CO2 und H2O hin. Die Körperwasser-Pools (bezogen auf die Körpermasse), berechnet aus den Ordinatenabschnitten der2H- und18O-Kurven (bei t=0), betrugen 66% bzw. 63%. Die Körperwasser-Pools zeigten keine Altersabhängigkeit. Der renale Wasserverlust wurde zu 35% des totalen Wasserverlusts (0,76 1 / d) berechnet.

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Junghans, P., Derno, M., Gehre, M. et al. Calorimetric validation of13C bicarbonate and doubly labeled water method for determining the energy expenditure in goats. Z Ernährungswiss 36, 268–272 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01617796

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