Summary
Collagen types II and X mRNAs have been demonstrated simultaneously in newly formed hypertrophic chondrocytes of embryonic chick vertebral cartilage using a double-fluorescence in situ hybridization technique. Digoxigenin- and biotin-labelled type-specific collagen II and X cDNA probes were used. In the embryonic chick vertebra at stage 45, two different fluorescence signals (Fluorescein isothiocyanate and Rhodamine) - one for collagen type II mRNA, the other for type X mRNA - showed differential distribution of the two collagen mRNAs in the proliferating and hypertrophic chondrocyte zones. Several layers of newly formed hypertrophic chondrocytes expressing both collagen types II and X genes were identified in the same section as two different fluorescent colour signals. Low levels of fluorescent signals for collagen type II mRNA were also detected in the hypertrophic chondrocyte zone. Cytological identification of maturing chondrocyte phenotypes, expressing collagen mRNAs, is easier in sections processed by non-radioactive in situ hybridization than in those subjected to radioactive in situ hybridization using 3H-labelled cDNA probes.
This study demonstrates that double-fluorescence in situ hybridization is a useful tool for simultaneously detecting the expression of two collagen genes in the same chondrocyte population.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
apte, s. s., seldin, m. f., hayashi, m. & olsen, b. r. (1992) Cloning of the human and mouse type X collagen genes and mapping of the mouse type X collagen gene to chromosome 10. Eur. J. Biochem. 206, 217–24.
denhardt, d. t. (1966) A membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 23, 641–6.
dirks, r. w., vangijlswijk, r. p. m., tullis, r. h., smit, a. b., vanminnen, j., van derploeg, m. & raap, a. k. (1990) Simultaneous detection of different mRNA sequences coding for neuropeptide hormones by double in situ hybridization using FITC- and biotin-labeled oligonucleotides. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 38, 467–73.
dirks, r. w., vangijlswijk, r. p. m., vooijs, m.a., smit, a. b., bogerd, j., vanminnen, j., raap, a. k. & van derploeg, m. (1991) 3′-end fluorochromized and haptenized oligonucleotides as in situ hybridization probes for multiple, simultaneous RNA detection. Exp. Cell Res. 194, 310–5.
cannon, j. m., walker, g., fisher, m., carpenter, r., thompson, r. c.jr. & oegema, t. r.jr. (1991) Localization of type X collagen in canine growth plate and adult canine articular cartilage. J. Orthop. Res. 9, 485–94.
gibson, g. j., francki, k. t., hopwood, j. j. & foster, b. k. (1991) Human and sheep growth-plate cartilage type X collagen synthesis and the influence of tissue storage. Biochem. j. 277, 513–20.
hamburger, v. & hamilton, h. l. (1951) A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J. Morphol. 88, 49–92.
hayashi, m., ninomiya, y., parsons, j., hayashi, k., olsen, b. r. & trelstad, r. l. (1986) Differential localization of mRNAs of collagen types I and II in chick fibroblasts, chondrocytes, and comeal cells by in situ hybridization using cDNA probes. J. Cell Biol. 102, 2302–9.
iyama, k., ninomiya, y., olsen, b. r., linsenmayer, t. f., trelstad, r. l. & hayashi, m. (1990) Shift in spatial pattern of type X collagen expression in embryonic sterna undergoing endochondral ossification demonstrated by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 580, 529–31.
iyama, k., ninomiya, y., olsen, b. r., linsenmayer, t. f., trelstad, r. l. & hayashi, m. (1991) Spatiotemporal pattern of type X collagen expression and collagen deposition in embryonic chick vertebrae undergoing endochondral ossification. Anat. Rec. 229, 462–72.
johnson, g. d. & nogueira Araujo, g. m. (1981) A simple method of reducing the fading of immunofluorescence during microscopy. J. Immunol. Meth. 43, 349–50.
kirsch, t. & von Dermark, k. (1990) Isolation of bovine type X collagen and immunolocalization in growth-plate cartilage. Biochem. j. 265, 453–9.
linsenmayer, t. f., chen, q., gibney, e., gordon, m. k., marchant, j. k., mayne, r. & schmid, t. m. (1991) Collagen types IX and X in the developing chick tibiotarsus: analyses of mRNAs and proteins. Development 111, 191–6.
lu Valle, p., hayashi, m. & olsen, b. r. (1989) Transcriptional regulation of type X collagen during chondrocyte maturation. Dev. Biol. 133, 613–6.
mayne, r. (1989) Cartilage collagens. Arthritis Rheum. 32, 241–6.
nagamoto, n., iyama, k., kitaoka, m., ninomiya, y., yoshioka, h., mizuta, h. & takagi, k. (1993) Rapid expression of collagen type X gene of non-hypertrophic chondrocytes in the grafted chick periosteum demonstrated by in situ hybridization. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 41, 679–84.
ninomiya, y., showalter, a. m., van derrest, m., seidah, n. g., chretien, m. & olsen, b. r. (1984) Structure of the carboxy propeptide of chicken type II procollagen determined by DNA and protein sequence analysis. Biochemistry 23, 617–24.
ninomiya, y., gordon, m., van derrest, m., schmid, t. m., linsenmayer, t. f. & olsen, b. r. (1986) The developmentally regulated type X collagen gene contains a long open reading frame without introns. J. Biol. Chem. 261, 5041–50.
quarto, r., dozin, b., tacchetti, c., campanile, g., malfatto, c. & cancedda, r. (1990) In vitro development of hypertrophic chondrocytes starting from selected clones of dedifferentiated cells. J. Cell Biol. 110, 1379–86.
reichenberger, e., aigner, t., von der mark, k., stöb, h. & bertling, w. (1991) In situ hybridization studies on the expression of type X collagen in human fetal cartilage. Dev. Biol. 148, 562–72.
remington, m. c., bashey, r. i., brighton, c. t. & jimenez, s.a. (1983) Biosynthesis of a low molecular weight collagen by rabbit growth plate cartilage organ cultures. Collagen Rel. Res. 3, 271–8.
rentrop, m., knapp, b., winter, h. & schweizer, j. (1986) Aminoalkylsilane-treated glass slides as support for in situ hybridization of keratin cDNAs to frozen tissue sections under varying fixation and pretreatment conditions. Histochem. j. 18, 271–6.
schmid, t. m. & linsenmayer, t. f. (1985) Immunohistochemical localization of short chain cartilage collagen (type X) in avian tissues. J. Cell Biol. 100, 598–605.
solursh, m., jensen, k. l., reiter, r. s., schmid, t. m. & linsenmayer, t. f. (1986) Environmental regulation of type X collagen production by cultures of limb mesenchyme, mesectoderm, and sternal chondrocytes. Dev. Biol. 117, 90–101.
sugahara, k., iyama, k., sano, k. & morioka, t. (1992) Over-expression of pulmonary surfactant apoprotein A mRNA in alveolar type II cells and non-cilliated bronchiolar (Clara) epithelial cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats demonstrated by in situ hybridization. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 6, 307–14.
sugahara, K., Iyama, K., Sano, K. & morioka, T. (1994) Differential expressions of surfactant protein SP-A, SP-B and SP-C mRNAs in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes demonstrated by in situ hybridization. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. (in press).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Iyama, KI., Kitaoka, M., Monda, M. et al. Co-expression of collagen types II and X mRNAs in newly formed hypertrophic chondrocytes of the embryonic chick vertebral body demonstrated by double-fluorescence in situ hybridization. Histochem J 26, 844–849 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00162929
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00162929