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  • Articles  (315)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2018-03-07
    Description: Establishing a sediment budget in the newly created “Kleine Noordwaard” wetland area in the Rhine–Meuse delta Eveline Christien van der Deijl, Marcel van der Perk, and Hans Middelkoop Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 187-201, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-187-2018, 2018 To study the effectiveness of river delta restoration, we used field observations and elevation data to quantify the magnitude and spatial patterns of aggradation and erosion in a restored wetland in the Rhine-Meuse delta. Erosion and aggradation rates decrease over time, but aggradation compensates for sea-level rise and soil subsidence. Channels in the centre had aggraded, whereas the inlet and outlet eroded. Furthermore, sediment is in general uniformly distributed over the intertidal area.
    Print ISSN: 2196-6311
    Electronic ISSN: 2196-632X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: U–Th and 10 Be constraints on sediment recycling in proglacial settings, Lago Buenos Aires, Patagonia Antoine Cogez, Frédéric Herman, Éric Pelt, Thierry Reuschlé, Gilles Morvan, Christopher M. Darvill, Kevin P. Norton, Marcus Christl, Lena Märki, and François Chabaux Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 121-140, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-121-2018, 2018 Sediments produced by glaciers are transported by rivers and wind toward the ocean. During their journey, these sediments are weathered, and we know that this has an impact on climate. One key factor is time, but the duration of this journey is largely unknown. We were able to measure the average time that sediment spends only in the glacial area. This time is 100–200 kyr, which is long and allows a lot of processes to act on sediments during their journey.
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    Electronic ISSN: 2196-632X
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: Effect of changing vegetation on denudation (part 1): Predicted vegetation composition and cover over the last 21 thousand years along the Coastal Cordillera of Chile Christian Werner, Manuel Schmid, Todd A. Ehlers, Juan Pablo Fuentes-Espoz, Jörg Steinkamp, Matthew Forrest, Johan Liakka, Antonio Maldonado, and Thomas Hickler Earth Surf. Dynam. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2018-14,2018 Manuscript under review for ESurf (discussion: open, 0 comments) Vegetation is crucial for modulating rates of denudation and landscape evolution, and is directly influenced by climate conditions and atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. Using transient climate data and a state-of-the-art dynamic vegetation model we simulate the vegetation composition and cover from the Last Glacial Maximum to present along the Coastal Cordillera of Chile. In part 2 we assess the landscape response to transient climate and vegetation cover using a landscape evolution model.
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    Electronic ISSN: 2196-632X
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: Alluvial cover controlling the width, slope and sinuosity of bedrock channels Jens Martin Turowski Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 29-48, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-29-2018, 2018 Bedrock channels are a key component of mountainous landscapes. Here, a new model of the steady-state morphology, including channel width, slope and sinuosity, is derived from process physics considerations. The model compares favourably to observed scaling relations.
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    Electronic ISSN: 2196-632X
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 5
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    Copernicus
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: A lattice grain model of hillslope evolution Gregory E. Tucker, Scott W. McCoy, and Daniel E. J. Hobley Earth Surf. Dynam. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2018-4,2018 Manuscript under review for ESurf (discussion: open, 0 comments) This article presents a new technique for computer simulation of slope forms. The method provides a way to study how events that disturb soil or turn rock into soil add up over time to produce landforms. The model represents a cross section of a hypothetical landform is represented as a lattice of cells, each of which may represent air, soil, or rock. Despite its simplicity, the model does a good job of simulating a range of common of natural slope forms.
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    Electronic ISSN: 2196-632X
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: Scales of collective entrainment and intermittent transport in collision-driven bed load Dylan B. Lee and Doug Jerolmack Earth Surf. Dynam. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2018-8,2018 Manuscript under review for ESurf (discussion: open, 3 comments) The transport of pebbles in a river is smooth and continuous under high flow conditions, but under typical flows becomes erratic and unpredictable. We perform experiments to learn more about the origins of this unpredictable, intermittent behavior. Our results show that this unpredictability is similar to how infrequent avalanches occur in a sandpile. Transport events are similar in size but become more infrequent and erratic as the river transports less and less sediment.
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    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions Pippa L. Whitehouse Earth Surf. Dynam. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2018-6,2018 Manuscript under review for ESurf (discussion: open, 2 comments) This article is a contribution to a special issue on “Two centuries of modelling across scales”. It describes the historical observations, evolving hypotheses, and early calculations that led to the development of the field known as Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) modelling, which seeks to understand feedbacks between ice-sheet change, sea-level change, and solid Earth deformation. Recent advances are discussed. Future research in the field is likely to involve an interdisciplinary approach.
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    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: Statistical modeling of the long-range dependent structure of barrier island framework geology and surface geomorphology Bradley A. Weymer, Phillipe Wernette, Mark E. Everett, and Chris Houser Earth Surf. Dynam. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2018-5,2018 Manuscript under review for ESurf (discussion: open, 0 comments) This research presents a new method for quantifying the geologic controls on modern barrier island evolution. We used statistical time series analysis to evaluate the scale-dependent vs. scale-independent behavior of a barrier island in south Texas, USA. By integrating subsurface geophysical with surface geomorphological measurements we show that the island exhibits both free, and forced evolutionary behavior that has important implications for how the island may respond to rising sea levels.
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    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: Topographical change caused by moderate and small floods in a gravel bed ephemeral river – a depth-averaged morphodynamic simulation approach Eliisa S. Lotsari, Mikel Calle, Gerardo Benito, Antero Kukko, Harri Kaartinen, Juha Hyyppä, Hannu Hyyppä, and Petteri Alho Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 163-185, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-163-2018, 2018 This paper analyses the timing of topographical changes of a gravel bed ephemeral river channel during consecutive and moderate- and low-magnitude floods by applying a morphodynamic model calibrated with pre- and post-event surveys using RTK-GPS and mobile laser scanning. The channel acted as a braided river during lower flows but as a meandering river during higher flows. The channel changes can be greater during the long-lasting receding phase than during the rising phase of the floods.
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    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: Clay mineralogy, strontium and neodymium isotope ratios in the sediments of two High Arctic catchments (Svalbard) Ruth S. Hindshaw, Nicholas J. Tosca, Alexander M. Piotrowski, and Edward T. Tipper Earth Surf. Dynam., 6, 141-161, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-141-2018, 2018 For many applications in Earth sciences it is important to know where river and ocean sediments have originated. In this study we used geochemical and mineralogical tracers to characterise sediments from Svalbard. We find that the sediments are formed from two sources: old rocks in Greenland and younger rocks in Siberia. Glaciation influences how much of each end-member is present in the river sediments today, implying that the sediment composition can change through time as the climate changes.
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    Topics: Geosciences
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