Description:    The influence of temperature on the solid-phase isotope exchange of Ganciclovir with tritium was studied. Synthesis conditions were found, and tritium-labeled Ganciclovir with the molar radioactivity of 25 Ci mmol −1 (0.925 PBq mol −1 ) and purity higher than 98% was prepared. Content Type Journal Article Pages 646-647 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060130 Authors G. V. Sidorov, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, pl. Akad. Kurchatova 2, Moscow, 123182 Russia N. F. Myasoedov, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, pl. Akad. Kurchatova 2, Moscow, 123182 Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    The effect of various catalysts and temperature on the solid-phase isotope exchange of 5-fluorouracil and 5-fluorocytosine with tritium was studied. The isotope exchange yielding the desired compounds is accompanied by dehalogenation and hydrogenation of the 5,6-double bond of the pyrimidine ring. Performing the reaction at a temperature below 160°C allowed the process to be carried out selectively, i.e., with the preservation of the functional groups and double bond in the starting compound. The yields of various products formed in the reactions of tritium with the above compounds were estimated. Synthesis conditions were found, and tritium-labeled 5-fluorouracil and 5-fluorocytosine were prepared with the molar radioactivity of 0.45 Ci mmol −1 (16.7 TBq mol −1 ) and 4.4 Ci mmol −1 (0.16 PBq mol −1 ), respectively, and with the purity exceeding 98%. Content Type Journal Article Pages 648-650 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060142 Authors G. V. Sidorov, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, pl. Akad. Kurchatova 2, Moscow, 123182 Russia N. F. Myasoedov, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, pl. Akad. Kurchatova 2, Moscow, 123182 Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    The complexes [NpO 2 (DMSO) 5 ](ClO 4 ) 2 ( 1 ) and [PuO 2 (DMSO) 5 ](ClO 4 ) 2 ( 2 ), isostructural to the known uranyl complex, were synthesized in the form of single crystals. Their crystallographic characteristics were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The IR and electronic absorption spectra of the crystalline U(VI), Np(VI), and Pu(VI) complexes were measured and analyzed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 576-581 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060026 Authors N. A. Budantseva, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia M. S. Grigor’ev, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. I. Mishkevich, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia A. M. Fedoseev, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    The possibilities of reagent treatment of the finely dispersed (〈0.1 mm) fraction of soils by agitation leaching at 80°C for 7 h at the liquid to solid ratio of 2: 1 were examined. The reagents were 2–8 M H 2 SO 4 and mixtures of H 2 SO 4 with H 3 PO 4 and NH 4 F. The maximal attained decontamination factor (DF) does not exceed 8–10, and the soil loss for the dissolution does not exceed ∼12%. Reagent treatment with 1–5 M sulfuric acid in a pressure vessel in the temperature range 80–140°C allowed the maximal DF value of ∼70 to be attained, with the soil weight loss reaching 15% and acid consumption, 3 mol per kilogram of soil. The reagent treatment of the finely dispersed fraction can be successfully combined with the decontamination method based on separation of the finely dispersed fraction by gravity sedimentation in water, especially at a high content of the finely dispersed substance. Content Type Journal Article Pages 669-672 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060178 Authors S. A. Dmitriev, Joint Environmental, Technological, and Research Center for Radioactive Waste Management and Environment Protection (Radon Moscow Research and Production Association State Unitary Enterprise), 7-i Rostovskii per. 2/14, Moscow, 119121 Russia A. S. Barinov, Joint Environmental, Technological, and Research Center for Radioactive Waste Management and Environment Protection (Radon Moscow Research and Production Association State Unitary Enterprise), 7-i Rostovskii per. 2/14, Moscow, 119121 Russia V. M. Kuptsov, Joint Environmental, Technological, and Research Center for Radioactive Waste Management and Environment Protection (Radon Moscow Research and Production Association State Unitary Enterprise), 7-i Rostovskii per. 2/14, Moscow, 119121 Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    Double thorium phosphates M k Th 3− k (PO 4 ) 4− k (M I = Li, Na, Ag, K, Rb, Tl, Cs; M II = Cd, Ca, Sr, Pb) and thorium phosphate diphosphate Th 4 (PO 4 ) 4 P 2 O 7 were synthesized by a high-temperature solid-phase reaction. The double thorium phosphates crystallize in the monoclinic system [space group C 2/ c for M I Th 2 (PO 4 ) 3 and P 2 1 / n for M II Th(PO 4 ) 2 ], and the compound Th 4 (PO 4 ) 4 P 2 O 7 , in the rhombic system (space group Pcam ). The bands in the IR spectra were assigned. The double thorium phosphates exhibit high thermal stability. The compounds KTh 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , CaTh(PO 4 ) 2 , and Th 4 (PO 4 ) 4 P 2 O 7 were studied by high-temperature X-ray diffraction. Content Type Journal Article Pages 587-592 DOI 10.1134/S106636221106004X Authors A. V. Knyazev, Lobachevsky Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia N. G. Chernorukov, Lobachevsky Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia A. A. Sazonov, Lobachevsky Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia M. E. Komshina, Lobachevsky Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    Plutonium dioxide recovered in the course of reprocessing of SNF from WWER reactors (so-called high-level PuO 2 ) was subjected to dissolution in 0.6–3.0 M HNO 3 in the presence of Am(III) ions under ozonation with an ozone-oxygen mixture containing 30–180 mg l −1 O 3 . Measurements of the rate of the PuO 2 dissolution in 3 M HNO 3 in the temperature interval from 30 to 80°C showed that, with an increase in the ozone concentration in the ozone-oxygen mixture from 30 to 180 mg l −1 , the dissolution rate increases by a factor of 4–5. The acceleration of the PuO 2 dissolution is attributed to the formation of Am(V,VI) by homogeneous oxidation of Am(III) ions with ozone dissolved in HNO 3 . The Am dioxocations formed act as PuO 2 oxidants and are continuously regenerated by the oxidation of Am(III) with ozone. This assumption is confirmed by an additional increase in the dissolution rate, observed on introducing Am(III) into the initial electrolyte for the PuO 2 dissolution. Content Type Journal Article Pages 612-618 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060087 Authors V. M. Gelis, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia Yu. B. Shumilova, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia B. G. Ershov, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia A. G. Maslennikov, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. V. Milyutin, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia O. V. Kharitonov, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia M. V. Logunov, Mayak Production Association, Federal State Unitary Enterprise, Ozersk, Chelyabinsk oblast, Russia Yu. A. Voroshilov, Mayak Production Association, Federal State Unitary Enterprise, Ozersk, Chelyabinsk oblast, Russia A. V. Bobritskii, Mayak Production Association, Federal State Unitary Enterprise, Ozersk, Chelyabinsk oblast, Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    Neutron irradiation of a natural Sm target is performed to produce 153 Sm. Ion-exchange chromatography is used to separate 153 Sm from Eu radionuclides produced in the process. To prepare a target, Sm 2 O 3 powder is dissolved in 0.2 ml of HNO 3 in a quartz vial. Samarium is deposited onto the vial walls by passing nitrogen gas at 120°C. The prepared samarium target is encapsulated in aluminum foil and irradiated in a 5-MW reactor in 5 × 10 13 n cm −2 s −1 flux. The irradiated target is dissolved in 1 M HCl, and the produced radioisotopes are determined with an HPGe nuclear detector. Finally 153 Sm is separated from Eu radionuclides with 153 Sm recovery yield of more than 66% and purity better than 99.8%. Content Type Journal Article Pages 642-645 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060129 Authors S. Z. Islami-Rad, Nuclear Engineering and Physics Department, Amir Kabir University, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran M. Shamsaei, Nuclear Engineering and Physics Department, Amir Kabir University, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran R. Gholipour-Peyvandi, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O. Box 14155-1339, Tehran, Iran M. Ghannadi-Maragheh, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O. Box 14155-1339, Tehran, Iran Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    The formation of uranium oxides by thermal decomposition of uranyl diaquadihydroxylaminate monohydrate, ammonium diuranate, ammonium tricarbonatouranylate, and uranium peroxide under the action of microwave (MW) radiation was studied. Uranium dioxide is formed by decomposition of these compounds in a reducing atmosphere at the MW radiation power of 600 W and treatment time of 5–10 min. In air, under the same conditions, U 3 O 8 is formed. Under the action of MW radiation, substandard ceramic pellets of UO 2 fuel can be readily converted in air to powdered U 3 O 8 . The use of MW radiation for thermal decomposition of uranium compounds allows the power and time consumption to be considerably reduced relative to the process with electrical resistance furnaces. A quick method for gravimetric testing of the composition of uranium oxides (UO 2 or U 3 O 8 ) using MW radiation was suggested. Content Type Journal Article Pages 604-607 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060063 Authors Yu. M. Kulyako, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 19, Moscow, 119991 Russia T. I. Trofimov, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 19, Moscow, 119991 Russia M. D. Samsonov, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 19, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. A. Perevalov, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 19, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. E. Vinokurov, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 19, Moscow, 119991 Russia E. G. Il’in, Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia B. F. Myasoedov, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 19, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    Isotope composition of U in minerals of two mineral associations based on aeschynite and pyrochlore was studied. Although the ratio of U isotopes in the mineral associations as a whole is equilibrium (or close to equilibrium), the distribution of the radiogenic 234 U isotope between separate parts of these associations is essentially nonuniform. Two models of the disturbance of the radioactive equilibrium are discussed: dependence of the 234 U/ 238 U ratio on the U concentration in the mineral (Adloff-Roessler model) and transfer of 234 Th recoil atoms from one phase to another (Sheng-Kuroda model). It is impossible within the framework of any of the models to consistently account for the observed distribution of the radiogenic U between different mineral phases. For the quasi-closed mineral system based on aeschynite, a model of the redistribution of the radiogenic U under the action of natural solutions mainly within the mineral association is suggested; for the open system involving pyrochlore, the effects of natural leaching are explained taking into account the valence and chemical state of uranium in the minerals. Content Type Journal Article Pages 651-661 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060154 Authors R. V. Bogdanov, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia E. V. Puchkova, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia N. G. Parnikov, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia A. S. Sergeev, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6

Description:    Single crystals of new uranyl selenates K 2 (H 5 O 2 )(H 3 O)[(UO 2 ) 2 (SeO 4 ) 4 (H 2 O) 2 ](H 2 O) 4 ( 1 ) and K 3 (H 3 O)[(UO 2 ) 2 (SeO 4 ) 4 (H 2 O) 2 ](H 2 O) 5 ( 2 ) were prepared by isothermal evaporation at room temperature. The crystal structure of 1 was solved by the direct method [ C 2/ c, a = 17.879(5), b = 8.152(5), c = 17.872(5) Å, β = 96.943(5)°, V = 2585.7(19) Å 3 , Z = 4] and refined to R 1 = 0.0449 ( wR 2 = 0.0952) for 2600 reflections with | F o | ≥ 4σ F . The structure of 2 was solved by the direct method [ P 2 1 / c, a = 17.8377(5), b = 8.1478(5), c = 23.696(1) Å, β = 131.622(2)°, V = 2574.5(2) Å 3 , Z = 4] and refined to R 1 = 0.0516 ( wR 2 = 0.1233) for 4075 reflections with | F o | ≥ 4σ F . The structures of 1 and 2 are based on [(UO 2 ) 2 (SeO 4 ) 4 (H 2 O) 2 ] 4− layers. The charge of the inorganic layer is compensated by potassium and oxonium ions arranged in the interlayer space. Each K ion is surrounded by seven O atoms belonging to uranyl selenate layers and water molecules, so that it binds with each other the adjacent uranyl selenate structural elements. Content Type Journal Article Pages 569-575 DOI 10.1134/S1066362211060014 Authors V. V. Gurzhiy, Chair of Crystallography, Geological Faculty, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia O. S. Tyumentseva, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. V. Krivovichev, Chair of Crystallography, Geological Faculty, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia I. G. Tananaev, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia B. F. Myasoedov, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leninskii pr. 31, block 4, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Radiochemistry Online ISSN 1608-3288 Print ISSN 1066-3622 Journal Volume Volume 53 Journal Issue Volume 53, Number 6