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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fertility preservation in children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer: Quality of clinical practice guidelines and variations in recommendations
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Cancer Vol. 122, No. 14 ( 2016-07-15), p. 2216-2223
    Details
    In: Cancer, Wiley, Vol. 122, No. 14 ( 2016-07-15), p. 2216-2223
    Abstract: Only approximately one‐third of the identified clinical practice guidelines for fertility preservation in children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer were found to be of sufficient quality, and among these, the recommendations varied substantially. This finding supports the need for well‐developed and transparent harmonized clinical practice guidelines for children and young adults diagnosed with cancer who are at risk of fertility impairment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-543X , 1097-0142
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/cncr.v122.14
    DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30047
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479932-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599218-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2594979-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1429-1
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  • 2
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    Preferential export of permafrost-derived organic matter as retrogressive thaw slumping intensifies
    IOP Publishing ; 2021
    In:  Environmental Research Letters Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2021-05-01), p. 054059-
    Details
    In: Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2021-05-01), p. 054059-
    Abstract: Enhanced warming of the Northern high latitudes has intensified thermokarst processes throughout the permafrost zone. Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS), where thaw-driven erosion caused by ground ice melt creates terrain disturbances extending over tens of hectares, represent particularly dynamic thermokarst features. Biogeochemical transformation of the mobilized substrate may release CO 2 to the atmosphere and impact downstream ecosystems, yet its fate remains unclear. The Peel Plateau in northwestern Canada hosts some of the largest RTS features in the Arctic. Here, thick deposits of Pleistocene-aged glacial tills are overlain by a thinner layer of relatively organic-rich Holocene-aged permafrost that aggraded upward following deeper thaw and soil development during the early Holocene warm period. In this study, we characterize exposed soil layers and the mobilized material by analysing sediment properties and organic matter composition in active layer, Holocene and Pleistocene permafrost, recently thawed debris deposits and fresh deposits of slump outflow from four separate RTS features. We found that organic matter content, radiocarbon age and biomarker concentrations in debris and outflow deposits from all four sites were most similar to permafrost soils, with a lesser influence of the organic-rich active layer. Lipid biomarkers suggested a significant contribution of petrogenic carbon especially in Pleistocene permafrost. Active layer samples contained abundant intrinsically labile macromolecular components (polysaccharides, lignin markers, phenolic and N-containing compounds). All other samples were dominated by degraded organic constituents. Active layer soils, although heterogeneous, also had the highest median grain sizes, whereas debris and runoff deposits consisted of finer mineral grains and were generally more homogeneous, similar to permafrost. We thus infer that both organic matter degradation and hydrodynamic sorting during transport affect the mobilized material. Determining the relative magnitude of these two processes will be crucial to better assess the role of intensifying RTS activity in CO 2 release and ecosystem carbon fluxes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1748-9326
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abee4b
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2255379-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
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    Seasonal variability in particulate organic carbon degradation in the Kolyma River, Siberia
    IOP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Environmental Research Letters Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2022-03-01), p. 034007-
    Details
    In: Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2022-03-01), p. 034007-
    Abstract: Major Arctic rivers are undergoing changes due to climate warming with higher discharge and increased amounts of solutes and organic carbon (OC) draining into rivers and coastal seas. Permafrost thaw mobilizes previously frozen OC to the fluvial network where it can be degraded into greenhouse gases and emitted to the atmosphere. Degradation of OC during downstream transport, especially of the particulate OC (POC), is however poorly characterized. Here, we quantified POC degradation in the Kolyma River, the largest river system underlain with continuous permafrost, during 9–15 d whole-water incubations (containing POC and dissolved OC—DOC) during two seasons: spring freshet (early June) and late summer (end of July). Furthermore, we examined interactions between dissolved and particulate phases using parallel incubations of filtered water (only DOC). We measured OC concentrations and carbon isotopes (δ 13 C, Δ 14 C) to define carbon losses and to characterize OC composition, respectively. We found that both POC composition and biodegradability differs greatly between seasons. During summer, POC was predominantly autochthonous (47%–95%) and degraded rapidly (∼33% loss) whereas freshet POC was largely of allochthonous origin (77%–96%) and less degradable. Gains in POC concentrations (up to 31%) were observed in freshet waters that could be attributed to flocculation and adsorption of DOC to particles. The demonstrated DOC flocculation and adsorption to POC indicates that the fate and dynamics of the substantially-sized DOC pool may shift from degradation to settling, depending on season and POC concentrations—the latter potentially acting to attenuate greenhouse gas emissions from fluvial systems. We finally note that DOC incubations without POC present may yield degradation estimates that do not reflect degradation in the in situ river conditions, and that interaction between dissolved and particulate phases may be important to consider when determining fluvial carbon dynamics and feedbacks under a changing climate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1748-9326
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac4f8d
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2255379-4
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Erratum: Corrigendum: Acidification of East Siberian Arctic Shelf waters through addition of freshwater and terrestrial carbon
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Nature Geoscience Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2016-6), p. 470-470
    Details
    In: Nature Geoscience, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2016-6), p. 470-470
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-0894 , 1752-0908
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2726
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2396648-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2405323-5
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Earth Science Vol. 9 ( 2021-3-26)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2021-3-26)
    Abstract: Warming air and sea temperatures, longer open-water seasons and sea-level rise collectively promote the erosion of permafrost coasts in the Arctic, which profoundly impacts organic matter pathways. Although estimates on organic carbon (OC) fluxes from erosion exist for some parts of the Arctic, little is known about how much OC is transformed into greenhouse gases (GHGs). In this study we investigated two different coastal erosion scenarios on Qikiqtaruk – Herschel Island (Canada) and estimate the potential for GHG formation. We distinguished between a delayed release represented by mud debris draining a coastal thermoerosional feature and a direct release represented by cliff debris at a low collapsing bluff. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) production was measured during incubations at 4°C under aerobic conditions for two months and were modeled for four months and a full year. Our incubation results show that mud debris and cliff debris lost a considerable amount of OC as CO 2 (2.5 ± 0.2 and 1.6 ± 0.3% of OC, respectively). Although relative OC losses were highest in mineral mud debris , higher initial OC content and fresh organic matter in cliff debris resulted in a ∼three times higher cumulative CO 2 release (4.0 ± 0.9 compared to 1.4 ± 0.1 mg CO 2 gdw –1 ), which was further increased by the addition of seawater. After four months, modeled OC losses were 4.9 ± 0.1 and 3.2 ± 0.3% in set-ups without seawater and 14.3 ± 0.1 and 7.3 ± 0.8% in set-ups with seawater. The results indicate that a delayed release may support substantial cycling of OC at relatively low CO 2 production rates during long transit times onshore during the Arctic warm season. By contrast, direct erosion may result in a single CO 2 pulse and less substantial OC cycling onshore as transfer times are short. Once eroded sediments are deposited in the nearshore , highest OC losses can be expected. We conclude that the release of CO 2 from eroding permafrost coasts varies considerably between erosion types and residence time onshore . We emphasize the importance of a more comprehensive understanding of OC degradation during the coastal erosion process to improve thawed carbon trajectories and models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-6463
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/feart.2021.630493
    DOI: 10.3389/feart.2021.630493.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2741235-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_2.xlsx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 9 ( 2022-10-6)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-10-6)
    Abstract: Long chain alkyl diols (LCDs) are lipid biomarkers that occur ubiquitously in sediments. Their abundance and distributions are increasingly used as the basis of molecular proxies for environmental parameters such as sea surface temperature (SST) via the Long chain Diol Index (LDI), and upwelling intensity and nutrient conditions (parametrized as diol indices, DI-2, and Nutrient Diol Index, NDI, respectively). Their marine producers remain the subject of debate, but in cultures, they can be found within the outer wall (algaenan) of eustigmatophytes or in Proboscia diatoms. LCDs appear to be well preserved in sediments, potentially as a result of their association with algaenan and/or minerals, but little is known of their pre-depositional histories, in particular transport dynamics. Here, 15 surface continental margin sediments as well as one high-deposition-rate sediment core (50 cm, spanning the last ~30 years) were analyzed in order to evaluate the impact of organo-mineral associations, lateral transport, and hydrodynamic sorting on sedimentary LCD signals. The abundance and distribution of LCDs in bulk sediments and corresponding grain-size fractions was determined. The highest proportion of all LCD isomers is found in the fine fraction (2 – 10 µm), which also holds the highest proportion of organic matter in relation to the other grain-size fractions. However, LCDs are also found in the other fractions (sand, coarse silt, and clay), and their concentrations are not correlated with bulk organic carbon content, indicating different preservation or transport mechanisms. LDI-SST in the bulk sediment is comparable to the mean annual SST at all sites except those influenced by upwelling and characterized by strong seasonal SST gradients. To the contrary of other biomarker-related proxies (e.g., alkenones), lateral transport does not appear to strongly affect LDI-SST in size fractions, suggesting that the intimate relationship of LCD with the algaenan may counteract the influence of hydrodynamic mineral sorting processes on related proxy signals. The difference between the fraction-weighted LCD concentration and bulk sedimentary LCD concentration indicates potential release of LCD during laboratory fractionation, suggesting degradation of algaenan or dissolution of opal frustules.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.1004096
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.1004096.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.1004096.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Nearshore Zone Dynamics Determine Pathway of Organic Carbon From Eroding Permafrost Coasts
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2020
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 47, No. 15 ( 2020-08-16)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 47, No. 15 ( 2020-08-16)
    Abstract: Suspended particulate organic carbon (POC) sharply decreases in age and concentration within the nearshore zone Beyond a narrow resuspension zone, permafrost‐derived OC dominates surface sediments, whereas much younger OC is found in the water column Permafrost‐derived POC is rapidly removed from the water column, showing the critical role of nearshore dynamics for OC transport
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2020GL088561
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    The Modern Ocean Sediment Archive and Inventory of Carbon (MOSAIC): version 2.0
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2023
    In:  Earth System Science Data Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2023-09-19), p. 4105-4125
    Details
    In: Earth System Science Data, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2023-09-19), p. 4105-4125
    Abstract: Abstract. Marine sediments play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle by acting as the ultimate sink of both terrestrial and marine organic carbon. To understand the spatiotemporal variability in the content, sources, and dynamics of organic carbon in marine sediments, a curated and harmonized database of organic carbon and associated parameters is needed, which has prompted the development of the Modern Ocean Sediment Archive and Inventory of Carbon (MOSAIC) database (http://mosaic.ethz.ch/, last access: 26 July 2023; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8322094, Paradis, 2023; https://doi.org/10.5168/mosaic019.1, Van der Voort et al., 2019​​​​​​​). MOSAIC version 2.0 has expanded the spatiotemporal coverage of the original database by 〉400 % and now holds data from more than 21 000 individual sediment cores from different continental margins on a global scale. Additional variables have also been incorporated into MOSAIC v.2.0 that are crucial to interpret the quantity, origin, and age of organic carbon in marine sediments globally. Sedimentological parameters (e.g. grain size fractions and mineral surface area) help understand the effect of hydrodynamic sorting and mineral protection on the distribution of organic carbon, while molecular biomarker signatures (e.g. lignin phenols, fatty acids, and alkanes) can help constrain the specific origin of organic matter. MOSAIC v.2.0 also stores data on specific sediment and molecular fractions, which provide further insight into the processes that affect the degradation and ageing of organic carbon in marine sediments. Data included within MOSAIC are continuously expanding, and version control will allow users to benefit from updated versions while ensuring reproducibility of their findings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1866-3516
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/essd-15-4105-2023
    DOI: 10.5194/essd-15-4105-2023-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2475469-9
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  • 9
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    Fate of terrigenous organic matter across the Laptev Sea from the mouth of the Lena River to the deep sea of the Arctic interior
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2016
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 13, No. 17 ( 2016-09-09), p. 5003-5019
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 13, No. 17 ( 2016-09-09), p. 5003-5019
    Abstract: Abstract. Ongoing global warming in high latitudes may cause an increasing supply of permafrost-derived organic carbon through both river discharge and coastal erosion to the Arctic shelves. Mobilized permafrost carbon can be either buried in sediments, transported to the deep sea or degraded to CO2 and outgassed, potentially constituting a positive feedback to climate change. This study aims to assess the fate of terrigenous organic carbon (TerrOC) in the Arctic marine environment by exploring how it changes in concentration, composition and degradation status across the wide Laptev Sea shelf. We analyzed a suite of terrestrial biomarkers as well as source-diagnostic bulk carbon isotopes (δ13C, Δ14C) in surface sediments from a Laptev Sea transect spanning more than 800 km from the Lena River mouth (〈 10 m water depth) across the shelf to the slope and rise (2000–3000 m water depth). These data provide a broad view on different TerrOC pools and their behavior during cross-shelf transport. The concentrations of lignin phenols, cutin acids and high-molecular-weight (HMW) wax lipids (tracers of vascular plants) decrease by 89–99 % along the transect. Molecular-based degradation proxies for TerrOC (e.g., the carbon preference index of HMW lipids, the HMW acids ∕ alkanes ratio and the acid ∕ aldehyde ratio of lignin phenols) display a trend to more degraded TerrOC with increasing distance from the coast. We infer that the degree of degradation of permafrost-derived TerrOC is a function of the time spent under oxic conditions during protracted cross-shelf transport. Future work should therefore seek to constrain cross-shelf transport times in order to compute a TerrOC degradation rate and thereby help to quantify potential carbon–climate feedbacks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-13-5003-2016
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-13-5003-2016-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 10
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    Release of Black Carbon From Thawing Permafrost Estimated by Sequestration Fluxes in the East Siberian Arctic Shelf Recipient
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2017
    In:  Global Biogeochemical Cycles Vol. 31, No. 10 ( 2017-10), p. 1501-1515
    Details
    In: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 31, No. 10 ( 2017-10), p. 1501-1515
    Abstract: The large total annual flux of SBC in the ESAS indicates the importance of this Arctic shelf in the sequestration of SBC SBC in the ESAS is composed essentially of Pleistocene ice complex deposits mobilized from thawing permafrost Rising permafrost‐derived SBC input is expected to increase the size of the refractory pool of organic carbon in the Arctic Ocean
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0886-6236 , 1944-9224
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/gbc.v31.10
    DOI: 10.1002/2017GB005693
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021601-4
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 13
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