Note: Intro -- Reading the Archive of Earth's Oxygenation -- Volume 3: Global Events and theFennoscandian Arctic Russia - Drilling Early Earth Project -- Dedication -- Contributors to Three-Volume Treatise Reading the Archive of Earth's Oxygenation, Volume 3: Global Events and the Fennoscandian Arctic Russia: Drilling Early Earth Project -- Reviewers for Three-Volume Treatise: Reading the Archive of Earth's Oxygenation -- Acknowledgements -- Preface to Volume 3 -- Contents to Volume 1 -- Contents to Volume 2 -- Contents to Volume 3 -- Part VII: Earth´s Oxygenation and Associated Global Events: The FAR-DEEP Perspective -- 7.1 The End of Mass-Independent Fractionation of Sulphur Isotopes -- 7.1.1 Introduction -- 7.1.2 Multiple Sulphur Isotope Systematics -- 7.1.3 The Multiple Sulphur Isotope Record of Precambrian Sedimentary Rocks -- 7.1.4 The Termination of Mass-Independently Fractionated Sulphur: Implications for the FAR-DEEP Core Material -- References -- 7.2 Huronian-Age Glaciation -- 7.2.1 Introduction -- 7.2.2 Palaeoproterozoic Glacial Deposits of North America -- Ramsay Lake Formation -- Bruce Formation -- Gowganda Formation -- Lower Gowganda Member -- Upper Gowganda Member -- Summary of Huronian Supergroup -- Other Occurrences of Palaeoproterozoic Glaciogenic Rocks in North America -- Lake Superior Area -- South Dakota -- SE Wyoming -- Hurwitz Group, Nunavut -- Chibougamau Area, Québec -- Summary of North American Occurrences of Palaeoproterozoic Glaciogenic Rocks -- 7.2.3 Palaeoproterozoic Glacial Deposits of South Africa -- Griqualand West Basin -- Transvaal Basin -- Diamictite Correlation and Implication for Their Depositional Environments -- 7.2.4 Palaeoproterozoic Glacial Deposits of Australia -- 7.2.5 Palaeoproterozoic Glacial Deposits of Fennoscandia -- The Urkkavaara Formation -- 7.2.6 Palaeoproterozoic Snowball Earth?. , Improving the Chronology of Huronian Glaciation -- What Caused Huronian Glaciation? -- 7.2.7 Implications of the FAR-DEEP Core 3A -- References -- 7.3 The Palaeoproterozoic Perturbation of the Global Carbon Cycle: The Lomagundi-Jatuli Isotopic Event: -- 7.3.1 The Global Carbon Cycle and Its Principal Reservoirs and Fluxes -- 7.3.2 Historical Overview -- 7.3.3 Review of Available Radiometric Ages Constraining the Lomagundi-Jatuli Positive Isotopic Excursion of Carbonate Carbon -- Initiation of the Lomagundi-Jatuli Event -- Termination of the Lomagundi-Jatuli Event -- Global Timing of the Lomagundi-Jatuli Event -- 7.3.4 Lomagundi-Jatuli Excursion as Seen from the Fennoscandian Shield Record -- The Pechenga Greenstone Belt -- Summary -- The Imandra/Varzuga Greenstone Belt -- Summary -- The Onega Basin -- Summary -- The Kalix Greenstone Belt -- Summary -- Other Fennoscandian Examples -- Summary -- delta13C Distribution Patterns of the Lomagundi-Jatuli Age Sedimentary Carbonates in the Fennoscandian Shield -- 7.3.5 The Lomagundi-Jatuli Isotopic Excursion: Unresolved Problems and Implications of FAR-DEEP Core for Future Work -- References -- 7.4 An Apparent Oxidation of the Upper Mantle versus Regional Deep Oxidation of Terrestrial Surfaces in the Fennoscandian Shield -- 7.4.1 Introduction -- Why the Fennoscandian Shield? -- The ``Great Oxidation Event´´ -- Hypotheses for the ``Great Oxidation Event´´ -- Increase in O2 Production -- Decrease in O2 Sinks -- Brief Overview of Mantle Redox and Its Evolution -- Gradual Oxidation of the Mantle -- Unchanged Mantle Redox State -- 7.4.2 Kuetsjärvi Volcanic Formation -- Field Descriptions -- The Geochemistry of Iron in Kuetsjärvi Volcanic Rocks -- Oxidised Surface and Groundwater -- Implications for FAR-DEEP Research -- Magmatic Palaeoredox Proxies -- Palaeosols. , Alteration by Groundwater and Hydrothermal Fluids -- Summary -- References -- 7.5 Abundant Marine Calcium Sulphates: Radical Change of Seawater Sulphate Reservoir and Sulphur Cycle: -- 7.5.1 Introduction -- 7.5.2 The Global Sulphur Cycle During Phanerozoic Time -- 7.5.3 Isotopic Evidence for Precambrian Oceanic Sulphate Abundance -- 7.5.4 Multiple Sulphur Isotope Evidence for the Early Palaeoproterozoic Rise in Oceanic Sulphate Abundance -- 7.5.5 Physical Evidence for Abundant Oceanic Sulphate in the Palaeoproterozoic -- 7.5.6 A Radical Change of the Seawater Sulphate Reservoir: Implication of the FAR-DEEP Core -- References -- 7.6 Enhanced Accumulation of Organic Matter: The Shunga Event: -- 7.6.1 Introduction -- 7.6.2 World-Wide Record of Palaeoproterozoic Carbonaceous Sediments Representing the Shunga Event with Emphasis on the Fennosc... -- 7.6.3 The Shunga Event: A Tale of Productivity and Preservation of Organic Matter in the Early Palaeoproterozoic Ocean -- The Nature of Primary Productivity in the Early Palaeoproterozoic Ocean -- 7.6.4 Giant Palaeoproterozoic Petrified Oil Field in the Onega Basin -- Source Rocks -- Estimated Oil Reserve -- Evidence for Oil Generation and Its Timing -- Time Constraint on Oil Generation -- Oil Migration Pathways -- Oil Traps -- Organosiliceous Rocks or Maksovite -- The Type Locality Maksovo -- FAR-DEEP Hole 12B -- Formation of Maksovite/Organosiliceous Rocks: A Seafloor Hydrocarbon Expulsion? -- Clastic Pyrobitumen and Surface Oil Seeps -- 7.6.5 Possible Driving Forces for the Onset of the Shunga Event and Implication of FAR-DEEP Core for the Shunga Event -- References -- 7.7 The Earliest Phosphorites: Radical Change in the Phosphorus Cycle During the Palaeoproterozoic: -- 7.7.1 Introduction to the Phosphorus Cycle -- 7.7.2 Formation of Phosphorites: Phosphogenesis -- 7.7.3 Palaeoproterozoic Phosphorites. , C. 2000Ma Lower Aravalli Group, Rajasthan, India -- Phosphorites of the Palaeoproterozoic Fennoscandian Shield -- Il´mozero Sedimentary Formation, Imandra/Varzuga Greenstone Belt, Kola Peninsula, Russia -- Pilgujärvi Sedimentary Formation, Pechenga Greenstone Belt, Kola Peninsula, Russia -- Zaonega Formation, Onega Palaeobasin, Karelia, Russia -- 7.7.4 Significance of Phosphorites in the Geologic Record and Implications of the FAR DEEP Material -- References -- 7.8 Traces of Life: -- 7.8.1 Introductory Remarks -- 7.8.2 Palaeoproterozoic Stromatolites from the Lomagundi-Jatuli Interval of the Fennoscandian Shield -- Introduction -- What Is a Stromatolite? -- Stromatolite Biogenicity Criteria -- Mechanisms of Stromatolite Accretion -- Trapping and Binding -- Abiotic Chemical Precipitation -- Biologically Induced Precipitation with a Focus on Chemo- and Phototactic Growth -- Brief Review of Transition from Neoarchaean to Proterozoic Stromatolites: Temporal Context for Palaeoproterozoic Examples from... -- Overview of Stromatolites from the Fennoscandian Shield -- A c. 2100Ma Shallow-Water Onega Carbonate Platform -- the Tulomozero Formation -- Tulomozero Formation Morphotype 1: Spaced Bioherms of Branched, Columnar Stromatolites -- Tulomozero Formation Morphotype 2: Laterally Continuous Biostromes of Branched, Columnar Stromatolites -- Tulomozero Formation Morphotype 3: Flat-Laminated Stromatolites -- Tulomozero Formation Morphotype 4: Columnar Branched Mini-Stromatolites -- Tulomozero Formation Morphotype 5: Non-branching Mini-Columnar Stromatolites -- Tulomozero Formation Morphotype 6: Large Non-branching Columnar Stromatolites -- Tulomozero Formation Morphotype 7: Domed Bioherms Comprising Coalesced Bulbous Stromatolites -- Tulomozero Formation Morphotype 8: Hemispherical Stromatolites -- A c. 2060Ma Rift-Bound Lake System. , the Kuetsjärvi Sedimentary Formation -- Kuetsjärvi Sedimentary Formation Morphotype 1: Stratiform Laminites (Non-columnar Stromatolite) -- Kuetsjärvi Sedimentary Formation Morphotype 2: Club-Like and Subspherical Stromatolite -- Exotic Structures of Argued Microbial Origin -- A c. 2100-2000Ma Rimmed Carbonate Shelf -- the Kalix Greenstone Belt -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 1: Parallel-Branching Columnar Stromatolite -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 2: Stratiform Laminites -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 3: Microcolumnar and Microdigitate Stromatolite -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 4: Microspherical Stromatolite -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 5: Subspherical to Pillow-Shaped Stromatolite -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 6: Hat-Shaped Stromatolite -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 7: ``Oversized´´ Spheroidal Stromatolite -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 8: Branching and Coalescing Spheroidal Stromatolite -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 9: Semispheroidal to Semicolumnar Stromatolite -- Kalix Greenstone Belt Morphotype 10: Solitary Domal and Spheroidal Stromatolites -- On the Biogenicity and Accretion Mechanism of the Fennoscandian Stromatolites -- Significance of Stromatolites from the Lomagundi-Jatuli Interval of Fennoscandia -- Comparison of Stromatolites from Different Depositional Settings -- Stromatolite Biostratigraphy Across the Lomagundi-Jatuli Interval -- Concluding Remarks and Implications for the FAR-DEEP Core -- References -- 7.8.3 Palaeoproterozoic Microfossils -- The Palaeoproterozoic Microfossil Record -- Methods and Problems of Identification of Biogenicity, Endogenicity and Syngenicity -- Introduction -- Raman Spectroscopy -- Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Analytical TEM (ATEM) -- Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) -- Synchrotron-Based Techniques (STXM, NEXAFS). , Implication of the FAR-DEEP Cores.