Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Chapter 1: Impact of Climate Change on Livelihood Security and Biodiversity - Issues and Mitigation Strategies -- Introduction -- Influence of Environmental Change -- The Issue of Water -- Diversification -- Susceptibility and Hazard -- The Impacts on Urban Livelihoods -- Heavy Rainfall and Floods -- Combined Effect Between Food Security and Climate Change Mitigation -- Mitigating Methane Emissions Through New Irrigation Schemes (Bohol, Philippines) -- Challenges -- Climate Change's Impact on Biodiversity -- Populations of Species Fluctuations -- Responses from Various Populations -- Changes in Phenology -- Climate Change, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services -- Feedbacks to Climate -- Sustainable Biodiversity Management in the Face of Climate Impacts -- The Next Steps -- Climate Change's Effects on Livelihoods and Resilience Measures -- Adaptation Approaches -- Global Warming, Habitat, and Economics -- Concerning Climate Change, Biodiversity Protection, and Poverty Reduction Is the Way Forward -- Future Scope of the Study -- Policy Recommendations -- The Emphasis Is on Smallholders, Sensitive Spots, and the Community at Large -- Climate-Smart Agriculture, Green Agriculture, and Rural Nonfarm Activities Must All Be Prioritised -- Opportunities for Adaptation -- Opportunities for Mitigation -- Collaboration on a Broad Basis -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Desertification Intensity Assessment Within the Ukraine Ecosystems Under the Conditions of Climate Change on the Basis of Remote Sensing Data -- Introduction -- Background -- Materials and Methods -- Visual Interpretation of Remote Sensing Data -- The Drought Map Creation by Using Indexes -- The Meteorological Observations -- Results and Discussions -- Physiographic Conditions -- Climate Conditions -- Drought Estimation. , Index of Drought -- Conclusions -- Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 3: Climate Change Effect on the Urbanization: Intensified Rainfall and Flood Susceptibility in Sri Lanka -- Introduction -- Relationship Between Urbanization and Climate Change -- Climate Change and Sri Lanka -- Climate Change and Urbanization in Sri Lanka -- Case Study: Climate Change and Urbanization in Colombo -- Conclusion -- Appendixes -- Appendix 1: World CO2 Data -- Sri Lanka -- Afganisthan -- Albania -- Algeria -- Andorra -- Angola -- Anguilla -- Antigua and Barbuda -- Argentina -- Armenia -- Aruba -- Australia -- Austria -- Azerbaijan -- Bahamas -- Bahrain -- Bangladesh -- Barbados -- Belarus -- Belgium -- Belize -- Benin -- Bermuda -- Bhutan -- Bolivia -- Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba -- Bosnia and Herzegovina -- Botswana -- Brazil -- British Virgin Islands -- Brunei Darussalam -- Bulgaria -- Burkina Faso -- Burundi -- Cambodia -- Cameroon -- Canada -- Cape Verde -- Central African Republic -- Chad -- Chile -- China -- Colombia -- Comoros -- Congo -- Cook Islands -- Costa Rica -- Côte d'Ivoire -- Croatia -- Cuba -- Curaçao -- Cyprus -- Czech Republic -- Democratic Republic of the Congo -- Denmark -- Djibouti -- Dominica -- Dominican Republic -- Ecuador -- Egypt -- El Salvador -- Equatorial Guinea -- Eritrea -- Estonia -- Ethiopia -- Faeroe Islands -- Fiji -- Finland -- France -- French Polynesia -- Gabon -- Gambia -- Georgia -- Germany -- Ghana -- Greece -- Greenland -- Grenada -- Guatemala -- Guinea -- Guinea-Bissau -- Guyana -- Haiti -- Honduras -- Hong Kong -- Hungary -- Iceland -- India -- Indonesia -- Iran -- Iraq -- Ireland -- Israel -- Italy -- Jamaica -- Japan -- Jordan -- Kazakhstan -- Kenya -- Kiribati -- Kosovo -- Kuwait -- Kyrgyzstan -- Laos -- Latvia -- Lebanon -- Lesotho -- Liberia -- Libya -- Liechtenstein -- Lithuania -- Luxembourg -- Macao. , Madagascar -- Malawi -- Malaysia -- Maldives -- Mali -- Malta -- Marshall Islands -- Mauritania -- Mauritius -- Mexico -- Micronesia (Federated States of) -- Moldova -- Mongolia -- Montenegro -- Montserrat -- Morocco -- Mozambique -- Myanmar -- Namibia -- Nauru -- Nepal -- Netherlands -- New Caledonia -- New Zealand -- Nicaragua -- Niger -- Nigeria -- Niue -- North Korea -- North Macedonia -- Norway -- Occupied Palestinian Territory -- Oman -- Pakistan -- Palau -- Panama -- Papua New Guinea -- Paraguay -- Peru -- Philippines -- Poland -- Portugal -- Qatar -- Republic of South Sudan -- Romania -- Russian Federation -- Rwanda -- Saint Helena -- Saint Kitts and Nevis -- Saint Lucia -- Saint Pierre and Miquelon -- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines -- Samoa -- Sao Tome and Principe -- Saudi Arabia -- Senegal -- Serbia -- Seychelles -- Sierra Leone -- Singapore -- Slovakia -- Slovenia -- Solomon Islands -- Somalia -- South Africa -- South Korea -- Spain -- Sudan -- Suriname -- Swaziland -- Sweden -- Switzerland -- Syria -- Taiwan -- Tajikistan -- Tanzania -- Thailand -- Timor-Leste -- Togo -- Tonga -- Trinidad and Tobago -- Tunisia -- Turkey -- Turkmenistan -- Turks and Caicos Islands -- Tuvalu -- Uganda -- Ukraine -- United Arab Emirates -- United Kingdom -- United States of America -- Uruguay -- Uzbekistan -- Vanuatu -- Venezuela -- Vietnam -- Wallis and Futuna Islands -- Yemen -- Zambia -- Zimbabwe -- Appendix 2: Region CO2 Data -- EU27 -- Canada -- China -- India -- Iran -- Japan -- Russian Federation -- Saudi Arabia -- South Korea -- United States of America -- Appendix 3: Landuse Emitted CO2 Data -- Canada -- Caribbean -- Central Africa -- Central America & -- Mexico -- China -- East Africa -- East Asia -- Europe -- Former Soviet Union -- NonTropical S. America -- North Africa & -- Middle East -- Oceania -- South Asia -- Southeast Asia. , Southern Africa -- Tropical S. America -- USA -- West Africa -- References -- Chapter 4: Climate Change, a Strong Threat to Food Security in India: With Special Reference to Gujarat -- Introduction to Climate Change Measures in Gujarat -- Climate Change, a Strong Threat to Agriculture Productivity -- Temperature and Drought: Major Challenge to Food Security -- Issues and Challenges in Semi-Arid and Arid Regions of Gujarat -- Climate Change Impact on Cropping Patterns -- Climate Change Impact on the Landscape and Irrigation -- Climate Change Effect on Rainfall Trend -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Livelihood Vulnerability Assessment and Drought Events in South Africa -- Introduction -- Study Area -- Impact of Drought in South Africa -- Livelihood Vulnerability in South Africa -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Possible Influence of Urbanisation on Rainfall in Recent Past -- Introduction -- Studies on the Rainfall and Urbanisation Through Observations -- Urban Features, Processes and Mechanisms Influencing the Rainfall -- Aerosols, Cloud Physics and Heat Fluxes -- Urban Land Cover and Surface Roughness -- Urban Heat Island and Their Consequences on Rainfall -- Modelling Studies on Rainfall and Urbanisation -- Changes in Rainfall Characteristics Over a Typical Urban Centre of Gangetic Plain -- Study Area -- Data and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 7: Influence of Climate Change on Crop Yield and Sustainable Agriculture -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Area -- Data Collection -- Results and Discussion -- Agriculture Sector and GDP of Pakistan -- Major Crops of Pakistan -- Cotton -- Sugarcane -- Maize -- Rice -- Wheat -- Meteorological Parameters -- Temperature -- Rainfall -- Strategies and Future Recommendations -- References. , Chapter 8: Hybrid Daily Streamflow Forecasting Based on Variational Mode Decomposition Random Vector Functional Link Network-Based Ensemble Forecasting -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Site -- Methodology -- Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) -- Random Vector Functional Link Network (RVFL) -- Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) -- Results and Discussion -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Climate Change and Natural Hazards in the Senegal River Basin: Dynamics of Hydrological Extremes in the Faleme River Basin -- Introduction -- Study Area -- Data and Methods -- Data -- Methods -- Results -- Extreme Discharges in the Faleme Basin Between Humidity and Drought -- Minimum Daily Discharges -- Maximum Daily Discharges -- Dynamics of the Hydrological Extremes of the Faleme Basin Through Some Indices -- Power of Peak Discharges -- Irregularity Index -- Taring Coefficient -- Hydroclimatic Risks in the Faleme Basin -- Different Aspects of the Hydrological Drought in the Faleme Basin -- Hydrological Parameters and Flooding in the Valley -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Review of Various Impacts of Climate Change in South Asia Region, Specifically Pakistan -- Introduction -- National Level Climate Change Trends in International Context -- Climate Change Impacts on Various Sectors -- Climate Change Impact on Water Resource Sector -- Climate Change Impact on Seaside Sector -- Climate Change Impact on Energy and Food Sector Reliability -- Climate Change Impact on Agriculture Sector -- Climate Change Impact on Livestock -- Climate Change Impact on Natural and Economic Catastrophes -- Impacts of Climate Change on Community -- Climate Change Adoption and Alleviation -- Conclusion -- References. , Chapter 11: Future Hydroclimatic Variability Projections Using Combined Statistical Downscaling Approach and Rainfall-Runoff Model: Case of Sebaou River Basin (Northern Algeria).