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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 13, No. 22 ( 2021-11-19), p. 4667-
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 22 ( 2021-11-19), p. 4667-
    Abstract: Satellite altimetry over the oceans shows that the rate of sea-level rise is far from uniform, with reported regional rates up to two to three times the global mean rate of rise of ~3.3 mm/year during the altimeter era. The mechanisms causing the regional variations in sea-level trends are dominated by ocean temperature and salinity changes, and other processes such as ocean mass redistribution as well as solid Earth’s deformations and gravitational changes in response to past and ongoing mass redistributions caused by land ice melt and terrestrial water storage changes (respectively known as Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) and sea-level fingerprints). Here, we attempt to detect the spatial trend patterns of the fingerprints associated with present-day land ice melt and terrestrial water mass changes, using satellite altimetry-based sea-level grids corrected for the steric component. Although the signal-to-noise ratio is still very low, a statistically significant correlation between altimetry-based sea-level and modelled fingerprints is detected in some ocean regions. We also examine spatial trend patterns in observed GRACE ocean mass corrected for atmospheric and oceanic loading and find that some oceanic regions are dominated by the fingerprints of present-day water mass redistribution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2023-01-25), p. 703-
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2023-01-25), p. 703-
    Abstract: We analyze satellite altimeter observed Caspian Sea level (CSL) changes over the period January 1993 to December 2021 using the lake level series from the Hydroweb project and global sea level anomalies (SLA) grids provided by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). The two altimeter-based CSL series agree well at interannual and longer time scales, but show significantly large discrepancies at seasonal and shorter time scales. The large discrepancies are found to be introduced by the approximately inverted barometer (IB) correction applied to the CMEMS SLA over the Caspian Sea. The IB correction over the Caspian Sea or any enclosed lakes needs to be treated separately from the ocean by using the correct reference mean pressure. The actual IB effects over the Caspian Sea are significantly smaller than those applied in the CMEMS SLA grids. After applying an improved IB correction using the global mean sea level pressure fields from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 reanalysis atmospheric model, the two CSL series agree remarkably well. Altimeter observed CSL series show a significant decreasing trend on top of strong seasonal variations. The estimated linear trends for the Hydroweb and CMEMS CSL series are −5.37 ± 0.11 and −5.40 ± 0.11 cm/yr, respectively. Annual amplitudes are 17.03 ± 1.33 vs. 15.79 ± 1.30 cm, with nearly the same phases. The CSL change shows notable acceleration in the decreasing trend since around 2005, and the estimated trends have increased to −8.86 ± 0.10 and −8.81 ± 0.10 cm/yr, respectively for the two-altimeter CSL series.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 3
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 3 ( 2006-03-07), p. 164-192
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 12, No. 24 ( 2020-12-21), p. 4186-
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 24 ( 2020-12-21), p. 4186-
    Abstract: While the main causes of the temporal gravity variations observed by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) space mission result from water mass redistributions occurring at the surface of the Earth in response to climatic and anthropogenic forces (e.g., changes in land hydrology, ocean mass, and mass of glaciers and ice sheets), solid Earth’s mass redistributions were also recorded by these observations. This is the case, in particular, for the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) or the viscous response of the mantle to the last deglaciation. However, it has only recently been shown that the gravity data also contain the signature of flows inside the outer core and their effects on the core–mantle boundary (CMB). Detecting deep Earth’s processes in GRACE observations offers an exciting opportunity to provide additional insight into the dynamics of the core–mantle interface. Here, we present one aspect of the GRACEFUL (GRavimetry, mAgnetism and CorE Flow) project, i.e., the possibility to use gravity field data for understanding the dynamic processes inside the fluid core and core–mantle boundary of the Earth, beside that offered by the geomagnetic field variations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 5
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 17 ( 2020-09-01), p. 2837-
    Abstract: Sea level change is an important indicator of climate change. Our study focuses on the sea level budget assessment of the Arctic Ocean using: (1) the newly reprocessed satellite altimeter data with major changes in the processing techniques; (2) ocean mass change data derived from GRACE satellite gravimetry; (3) and steric height estimated from gridded hydrographic data for the GRACE/Argo time period (2003–2016). The Beaufort Gyre (BG) and the Nordic Seas (NS) regions exhibit the largest positive trend in sea level during the study period. Halosteric sea level change is found to dominate the area averaged sea level trend of BG, while the trend in NS is found to be influenced by halosteric and ocean mass change effects. Temporal variability of sea level in these two regions reveals a significant shift in the trend pattern centered around 2009–2011. Analysis suggests that this shift can be explained by a change in large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns over the Arctic. The sea level budget assessment of the Arctic found a residual trend of more than 1.0 mm/yr. This nonclosure of the sea level budget is further attributed to the limitations of the three above mentioned datasets in the Arctic region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2018-02-12), p. 282-
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2018-02-12), p. 282-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2018-07-04), p. 1059-
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2018-07-04), p. 1059-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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