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  • ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)  (27)
  • British Ecological Society  (2)
  • 1
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    Effects of increased CO2 concentration on nutrient limited coastal summer plankton depend on temperature (2016)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 61 (3). pp. 853-868.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: Increasing seawater temperature and CO2 concentrations both are expected to increase coastal phytoplankton biomass and carbon to nutrient ratios in nutrient limited seasonally stratified summer conditions. This is because temperature enhances phytoplankton growth while grazing is suggested to be reduced during such bottom-up controlled situations. In addition, enhanced CO2 concentrations potentially favor phytoplankton species, that otherwise depend on costly carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCM). The trophic consequences for consumers under such conditions, however, remain little understood. We set out to experimentally explore the combined effects of increasing temperature and CO2 concentration for phytoplankton biomass and stoichiometry and the consequences for trophic transfer (here for copepods) on a natural nutrient limited Baltic Sea summer plankton community. The results show, that warming effects were translated to the next trophic level by switching the system from a bottom-up controlled to a mainly top-down controlled one. This was reflected in significantly down-grazed phytoplankton and increased zooplankton abundance in the warm temperature treatment (22.5°C). Additionally, at low temperature (16.5°C) rising CO2 concentrations significantly increased phytoplankton biomass. The latter effect however, was due to direct negative impact of CO2 on copepod nauplii which released phytoplankton from grazing in the cold but not in the warm treatments. Our results suggest that future seawater warming has the potential to switch trophic relations between phytoplankton and their grazers under nutrient limited conditions with the consequence of potentially disguising CO2 effects on coastal phytoplankton biomass.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/lno.10256
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    The impact of light intensity and daylength on silicate and nitrate competition among marine phytoplankton (1994)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 39 (7). pp. 1680-1688.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-25
    Description: I tested the extent to which differences in light supply could influence the outcome of nutrient (Si and N) competition between marine phytoplankton. Competition experiments were performed with 11 species of marine phytoplankton at Si: N ratios from 16 to 124 : 1, light intensities from 28 to 225 µmol quanta m−2 s−1, and three different daylengths. Thus, light supply was the composite result of two components: photoperiod and intensity. Diatoms were dominant competitors at higher Si: N ratios, nonsiliceous flagellates at lower ones. Light had no impact on the transition from flagellate to diatom dominance along the Si: N gradient. However, species within those groups were separated along the light gradient. Contrary to theoretical expectations, changes in light intensity and changes in daylength led to similar shifts in species dominance. Therefore, it was possible to describe the light climate by the integral parameter “daily light dose.”
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.1994.39.7.1680
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Phytoplankton competition in Plußsee: a field test of the resource-ratio hypothesis (1993)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 38 (4). pp. 838-845.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-25
    Description: During a 10-month study in Plusssee Si, N, and light were found as potentially limiting resources for phytoplankton growth rates. Therefore, three ratios of essential resources (Si : N, Si : light, N : light) and one ratio of substitutable resources (nitrate: ammonium) were compared to changes in species composition to test the hypothesis that the seasonal change of phytoplankton species composition was a response to changing resource ratios. The relationship was analyzed by a rank correlation analysis between the relative contribution of individual species to total biomass and resource ratios. Allowance was made for time lags between changes in resource ratios and changes in relative biomass. Of 16 species, 14 showed a significant response to at least one resource ratio. Time lags ranged from 0 to 6 weeks. Most species seemed to be favored either by minimal or maximal ratios; optimal ratios in the middle of the range were rare.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.1993.38.4.0838
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Comparison between steady state and non-steady state competition: experiments with natural phytoplankton (1985)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 30 . pp. 335-346.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: Chemostat competition experiments with natural phytoplankton communities are compared to experiments in which either one (phosphorus) or two (phosphorus and silicon) key nutrients were added discontinuously at l-week intervals. In all types of experiments wide ranges of Si:P ratios were tested. Deviation from steady state was found not only to increase the number of coexisting species, but also to shift the regions of dominance of species and of higher taxa along the gradient of Si:P ratios. Pulsed nutrient addition was mainly to the advantage of green algae and to the disadvantage of diatoms.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.1985.30.2.0335
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    A Comparison of the Droop and the Monod Models of Nutrient Limited Growth Applied to Natural Populations of Phytoplankton (1991)
    British Ecological Society
    In:  Functional Ecology, 5 (4). p. 535.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-16
    Description: The extent of nutrient limitation of phytoplankton in eutrophic Pluβsee was studied by enrichment bioassays and by analysing the cellular stoichiometry of monospecific fractions obtained by size fractionation and density-gradient separation. In this lake silicate and nitrogen, but not phosphorus, at times limit the reproductive rates of phytoplankton. The dependence of nutrient-limited reproductive rates on the cellular content of the limiting nutrient (cell quota) could well be described by the Droop model. Biomass specific minimal cell quotas of nitrogen ranged from 0.014 to 0.061 mol N mol-1 C, minimal cell quotas of silicon ranged from 0.055 to 0.127 mol Si mol-1 C. The cell quotas of the non-limiting nutrients usually increased with the cell quotas of the limiting nutrient. In contrast to the Droop model, the Monod model which relies on ambient concentrations of limiting nutrients was a much poorer predictor of growth rates.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.2307/2389636
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Environmental dependence of the correlations between stoichiometric and fatty acid-based indicators of phytoplankton nutritional quality (2017)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 62 (1). pp. 334-347.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Marine phytoplankton is simultaneously affected by multiple environmental drivers. To-date integrative assessments of multiple combined effects are rare on the relationship between elemental stoichiometry and biochemicals in marine phytoplankton. We investigated responses of stoichiometric (N:C and P:C ratios) and fatty acid-based (polyunsaturated fatty acid, PUFA) indicators of nutritional quality to three N:P supply ratios (10:1, 24:1, and 63:1 mol mol−1), three temperatures (12, 18, and 24°C) and two pCO2 levels (560 and 2400 μatm) in the marine phytoplankters Rhodomonas sp. and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Overall, warming and nutrient deficiency showed dramatic effects, but increased pCO2 had modest effects on the two indicators of nutritional quality. Specifically, warming showed strong positive effects on N:C and P:C ratios in Rhodomonas sp. but negative effects on PUFAs in both species. The low N- and low P-media led to low contents of both nutrients but high contents of PUFAs in the biomass of Rhodomonas sp., while the response of P. tricornutum was more complex: N:C ratios were lowest at the intermediate N:P supply but P:C ratios responded negatively to P deficiency and positively to N deficiency. Large variations in the two indicators of nutritional quality can be attributed to species-specific physiological optima and interactions between the three manipulated variables. Our results suggest that stoichiometric and FA-based indicators of nutritional quality may change differentially in response to warming and nutrient deficiency in marine phytoplankton, highlighting the relevance of simultaneous considerations of the two indicators of nutritional quality, when assessing food web dynamics under future ocean scenarios.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/lno.10429
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Phytoplankton succession in microcosm experiments under simultaneous grazing pressure and resource limitation (1988)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 33 (5). pp. 1037-1054.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-25
    Description: The influence of grazing pressure on the occurrence and outcome of nutrient competition among planktonic algae was studied in two-chamber microcosms where there was a flow in both directions between a light reactor without out zooplankton and a dark reactor with zooplankton (Daphnia longispina and Daphnia magna). The phytoplankton inoculum was a mixed, natural assemblage. Zooplankton could influence the dynamics of phytoplankton both by selective grazing and by differential excretion of limiting nutrients. Grazing pressure did not prevent the occurrence of nutrient limitation in algae and, hence, of nutrient competition between them. Zooplankton did, however, influence the outcome of competition by lowering Si:P ratios. A comparison with my previous experiments shows that diatoms need higher Si:P supply ratios for dominance over green algae in the presence of grazers than in grazing-free competition with steady or weekly pulsed nutrient supply
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.1988.33.5.1037
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Resource ratios or absolute concentrations: a reply to the comment by Prairie (1990)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 35 . pp. 779-780.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-25
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Long range vertical migration of Volvox in tropical Lake Cahora Bassa (Mozambique) (1986)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 31 . pp. 650-653.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-25
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    The paradox of the plankton: Fluctuations of phosphorus availability maintain diversity of phytoplankton in flow-through cultures (1984)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 29 (3). pp. 633-636.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: Competition experiments with phytoplankton under steady state conditions have largely verified the competitive exclusion principle. Coexistence of species limited by different resources contributes little to the explanation of the natural diversity of phytoplankton. It is shown by multispecies experiments in flow-through cultures that pulsed input of a key nutrient allows the coexistence of species competing for the same resource.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.1984.29.3.0633
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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