Note: Cover -- Prelims -- Contents -- Preface -- About the editors -- Contributors -- Chapter 1 - The history of the medicinal capsule -- Introduction -- Invention of the gelatin capsule -- Improved methods of manufacture of one-piece gelatin capsules -- Developments in the use of one-piece gelatin capsules -- Invention of the hard gelatin capsule -- Development of hard gelatin capsules -- Use of capsules as a dosage form -- Enteric capsules -- References -- Chapter 2 - Gelatin: manufacture and physico-chemical properties -- Structure of collagen -- Conversion of collagen to gelatin -- Commercial manufacture of gelatin -- Collagenous raw material and its pretreatment -- Conditioning of collagen -- Filtration and clarification -- Deionisation -- Concentration -- Sterilisation -- Chilling and drying -- Grinding, sieving and blending -- BSE legislation relating to gelatin -- Molecular weight of gelatin -- Acidic and basic properties -- Gel strength -- Nature of the gelatin gel -- Properties of gelatin films -- Chemical interactions in gelatin solutions -- Tests and specifications for gelatin -- References -- Chapter 3 - Gelatin alternatives and additives -- Gelatin alternatives -- Colouring agents -- Plasticizers -- Process and performance aids -- Preservatives -- Sterilising agents -- Capsule shell coatings and treatments -- References -- Chapter 4 - Manufacture and properties of two-piece hard capsules -- Introduction -- The manufacturing process -- Quality control -- Types of hard capsules -- Properties of hard capsules -- References -- Chapter 5 - Powder, granule and pellet properties for filling of two-piece hard capsules -- Introduction -- Powder properties -- Powder flow and packing properties -- Filling of granules and pellets -- What cannot be filled into hard shell capsules? -- References -- Chapter 6 - Dry filling of hard capsules. , Introduction -- Manually operated bench-top equipment -- Capsule rectification, opening and closing on fully automated capsule-filling machinery -- Direct filling methods for powders and granules -- Indirect filling methods for powders and granules -- Filling of pellets -- Filling of tablets -- Filling of combinations of powders, pellets and tablets -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 7 - Instrumented capsule-filling machines and simulators -- Introduction -- Instrumentation of capsule-filling equipment -- Instrumentation of dosator tube capsule-filling equipment -- Instrumentation of dosing disk capsule-filling machines -- The simulation of capsule-filling equipment -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 - Capsule processing and packing -- Introduction -- Capsule check-weighing machines -- Thermoforming machines -- Chapter 9 - Filling of liquids and semi-solids into hard two-piece capsules -- Introduction -- Liquid and semi-solid matrix formulation -- Capsule-filling properties -- Capsule-filling technology -- Sealing of two-piece capsules -- Drug delivery -- Drugs with specific formulation problems -- Stability issues -- Alternatives to gelatin for two-piece capsules -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10 - Technology to manufacture soft capsules -- Introduction -- Manufacturing methods -- References -- Chapter 11 - Formulation and physical properties of soft capsules -- Introduction -- Soft gelatin capsules -- Non-gelatin soft capsules -- Analytical approaches for soft capsule testing -- References -- Chapter 12 - Drug release from capsules -- Concepts of bioavailability -- Administration of hard gelatin capsule products -- Bioavailability of hard gelatin capsule products -- Formulation and the release of drugs from hard gelatin capsules -- Drug release from soft gelatin capsules -- Liquid-filled hard gelatin capsules. , Controlled-release capsule preparations -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13 - Capsule standards -- Pharmacopoeial standards -- Industrial standards -- Physical standards for capsules -- Standards for filled hard capsules -- References.