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  • 1
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (103 Seiten, 10 MB) , Diagramme, Karten
    Language: German
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  • 2
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 MB) , Illustrationen, Graphen, Karten
    Language: German
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  • 3
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 Seiten = 4 MB)
    Language: German
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  • 4
    Description / Table of Contents: Ohne Kurzreferat
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 5
    Book
    Book
    Berlin-Nikolassee : Borntraeger
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XII, 302 S , Ill
    ISBN: 3443010016
    Series Statement: Methoden und Ergebnisse der theoretischen Ozeanographie = Methods and results of theoretical oceanography / von Wolfgang Krauss 1
    DDC: 551.4/7
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Kiel : Inst f. Meereskunde an d. Univ., Abt. Theoretische Ozeanographie
    Type of Medium: Book
    Series Statement: Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Chr.-Albr.-Universität Kiel ...
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 25 (1972), S. 49-61 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im Frequenz-Wellenzahlen-Bereich wird eine Lösung des Gleichungssystems (2.1)–(2.5) für interne Wellen und Oberflächenwellen eines exponentiell geschichteten Meeres konstanter Tiefe mit Horizontal- und Vertikalreibung angegeben. Die erregenden Kräfte sind Wind- und Luftdruckschwankungen. Das Response-Verhalten eines flachen unbegrenzten Meeres, dessen Schichtung und Tiefe der Ostsee entspricht, wird in Abb. 2 und 3 für den Wellenzahlenbereich 10−7m−1 bis 10−2m−1 und den Frequenzbereich 10−4h−1 bis 102h−1 angegeben. Es zeigt sich, daß hinsichtlich der Horizontalbewegung Luftdruckschwankungen vorwiegend Oberflächenwellen, Windschwankungen hingegen Trägheits- und interne Wellen erzeugen. Bei den Vertikalbewegungen dominieren die internen Wellen.
    Abstract: Résumé Dans le domaine de la fréquence et du nombre des vagues est donnée une solution des équations (2.1) et (2.5) pour des ondes internes et des ondes de surface d'une mer stratifiée exponentiellement de profondeur constante avec frottement vertical et horizontal. Les forces génératrices sont constituées par les variations du vent et celles de la pression atmosphérique. Les formes de la réponse d'une mer illimitée, peu profonde et qui correspond à la stratification et à la profondeur de la Baltique sont données par les fig. 2 et 3: les nombres relatifs aux vagues s'étendent de 10−7 cycles/mètre à 10−2 cycles/mètre, et ceux relatifs aux fréquences, de 10−4 cycles/ heure à 10−2 cycles/heure. Il est démontré que la vitesse horizontale est engendrée par les vagues de surface dues aux variations de pression et par les ondes d'inertie et internes dues aux variations du vent. Les ondes internes dominent dans les mouvements verticaux.
    Notes: Summary A solution of equs. (2.1)–(2.5) in the frequency-wave number-domain is given. The ocean is supposed to be exponentially stratified and horizontally unlimited. Friction is included. The response functions of a shallow ocean which corresponds to the Baltic Sea with respect to stratification and depth are displayed in Figs. 2 and 3. Wave numbers cover the range from 10−7 cycles/meter to 10−2 cycles/meter, frequencies range from 10−4 cycles/hour to 102 cycles/hour. The driving forces are wind and air pressure. The horizontal velocity response is governed by wind over most of the frequency-wave number plane. Maximum amplitudes occur at inertial and internal wave frequencies. Internal waves are the dominant features of the ζ-response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 25 (1972), S. 241-250 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Meer wird in eine homogene Deckschicht (Ekmansche Reibungsschicht) und eine kontinuierlich geschichtete innere Region unterteilt. Die raum-zeitlich variable tangentiale Schubspannung erzeugt in der Deckschicht Horizontalgeschwindigkeiten, denen analog der Fredholmschen Lösung Trägheitswellen aufgeprägt sind. Ihre räumliche Struktur ist mit der des Schubspannungsfeldes identisch. Wenn keine Stauerscheinungen auftreten (ζ=0), werden durch diese Horizontalbewegungen Vertikalbewegungen bedingt. An der Untergrenze der Ekman-Schicht ist deren räumliche Struktur der Divergenz und Rotation des Schubspannungsfeldes proportional. Das Vertikalgeschwindigkeitsfeld an der Untergrenze der Deckschicht erregt interne Wellen in der unteren Region, die vorwiegend Perioden in der Nähe der Trägheitsperiode aufweisen. Ihre Struktur ist wesentlich komplizierter als in der Deckschicht. Insbesondere zeigen sich Schwebungen.
    Abstract: Résumé L'Océan se divise en une couche supérieure homogène (couche d'Ekman) et une couche inférieure stratifiée d'une façon continue. Les vélocités horizontales, affectées, par analogie avec la solution de Fredholm, d'oscillations dues à l'inertie, prennent naissance dans la couche supérieure par suite de l'effort tangentiel du champ du vent, variable à la fois dans l'espace et dans le temps. La structure du champ du vent, dans l'espace, correspond à celle du champ de l'effort. Si la surface reste calme (ζ-0) les mouvements verticaux sont dus aux oscillations horizontales. Au fond de la couche d'Ekman, la structure dans l'espace de ces mouvements verticaux est en rapport avec la divergence et la rotation de l'effort du vent. Les ondulations internes de la couche inférieure qui ont, à l'origine, des périodes proches de celle due à l'inertie, sont engendrées par le champ de la vitesse verticale au fond de la couche d'Ekman (succion d'Ekman). Leur structure est beaucoup plus compliquée que près de la surface. Les battements sont un phénomène commun du à la superposition de modes internes.
    Notes: Summary The ocean is subdivided into a homogeneous upper layer (Ekman layer) and a continuously stratified lower layer. Horizontal velocities which in analogy to Fredholm's solution contain inertial oscillations, are generated in the upper layer by the tangential stress of the wind field varying both in space and time. The spatial structure of the wave field corresponds to that o the stress field. If the surface remains at rest (ζ=0), vertical motions result from the horizontal oscillations. At the bottom of the Ekman layer the spatial structure of these vertical motions is proportional to divergence and rotation of the wind stress. Internal waves of the lower layer which primarily have periods approaching the inertial-period are generated by the vertical velocity field at the bottom of the Ekman layer (Ekman suction). Their structure is essentially more complicated than near the surface. Beats are a common phenomenon due to the superposition of internal modes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
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    Taylor & Francis
    In:  Tellus A: Dynamic meteorology and oceanography, 54 (3). pp. 299-316.
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Due to the ephemeral nature of the atmospheric conditions over the Baltic Sea, the flow field is highly variable, and thus, changes in the resulting circulation and upwelling are difficult to observe. However, three-dimensional models, forced by realistic atmospheric conditions and river runoff, have reached such a state of accuracy that the highly fluctuating current field and the associated evolution of the temperature and salinity field can be described. In this work, effects of remote and local atmospheric forcing on circulation and upwelling in the Baltic Sea are investigated. Changes in the characteristics of the large-scale atmospheric wind field over the central and eastern North Atlantic can be described by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The NAO is related to the strength and geographical position of weather systems as they cross the North Atlantic and thus has a direct impact on the climate in Europe. To relate the local wind field over the Baltic Sea to the large-scale atmospheric circulation, we defined a Baltic Sea Index (BSI), which is the difference of normalised sea level pressures between Oslo in Norway and Szczecin in Poland. The NAO is significantly related to the BSI. Furthermore, the BSI is highly correlated with the storage variation of the Baltic Sea and the volume exchange through the Danish Sounds. Based on three-dimensional model calculations, it is shown that different phases of the NAO during winter result in major changes of horizontal transports in the deep basins of the Baltic Sea and in upwelling along the coasts as well as in the interior of the basins. During NAO+ phases, strong Ekman currents are produced with increased up- and downwelling along the coasts and associated coastal jets, whereas during NAO− phases, Ekman drift and upwelling are strongly reduced, and the flow field can almost entirely be described by the barotropic stream function. The general nature of the mean circulation in the deep basins of the Baltic Sea, obtained from a 10-yr model run, can be described by the depth integrated vorticity balance derived from the transport equation for variable depth.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Technische Universität Clausthal Arbeitsgruppe Meerestechnik und Marine Mineralrohstoffe
    In:  Beiträge zur Meerestechnik, 1 . pp. 71-84.
    Publication Date: 2016-09-06
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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