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  • 1
    Keywords: Report ; Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 31, 6 S. , graph. Darst., Kt
    Series Statement: Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie 159
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 14 -16
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Hamburg : Max-Planck-Inst. für Meteorologie
    Keywords: Report ; Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 39 S , graph. Darst , 30 cm
    Series Statement: Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie 216
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Keywords: Report ; Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 34 S , graph. Darst , 30 cm
    Series Statement: Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie 217
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: Report ; Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 39 S , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt , 30 cm
    Series Statement: Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie 179
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Keywords: Dissertation ; Report
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: IV, 143 S , graph. Darst., Kt , 30 cm
    Series Statement: Examensarbeit / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie Nr. 41
    Language: German
    Note: Zugl.: @Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1996
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Hamburg : Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie
    Keywords: Report ; Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 42, 14 S , graph. Darst
    Series Statement: Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie 284
    Language: English
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Dimethyl(methanesulfinyl)sulfonium-Hexafluorometallates ; Vibrational-, NMR-, Mass-Spectra ; Crystal Structure of CH3S(O)Cl ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dimethyl(methanesulfinyl)sulfonium Hexafluorometallates (CH3)2SS(O)CH3+MF6- (M = As, Sb) and the Crystal Structure of Methanesulfinylchloride CH3S(O)Cl [1]The preparation of dimethyl(methanesulfinyl)sulfoniumhexafluorometallates (CH3)2SS(O)CH3+MF6- (M = As, Sb) and the spectroscopic characterization of the new thiosulfonium salts are described. Alternatively they can be obtained from methylmethanethiosulfinate by methylation. In addition the crystal structure of methanesulfinylchloride CH3S(O)Cl at 113 K is reported. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 528.2(1), b = 829.2(2), c = 880.9(2) pm, β = 90.48(2)° and Z = 4.
    Notes: Die Darstellung von Dimethyl(methansulfinyl)sulfoniumhexafluorometallaten (CH3)2SS(O)CH3+MF6- (M = As, Sb) aus Methansulfinylchlorid CH3S(O)Cl und Dimethylsulfoniumhexafluorometallaten (CH3)2SH+MF6- sowie die spektroskopische Charakterisierung der neuen Thiosulfoniumsalze wird beschrieben. Alternativ können diese auch durch Methylierung von Methylmethanthiosulfinat CH3SS(O)CH3 erhalten werden. Die Ergebnisse einer Einkristallröntgenstruktur-analyse von CH3S(O)Cl bei 113 K werden mitgeteilt. Das Sulfinylchlorid kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21/n mit a = 528,2(1), b = 829,2(2), c = 880,9(2) pm, β = 90,48(2)°, Z = 4.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 557-561 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Thiosulfonium salts ; preparation ; vibrational, NMR spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Preparation of Di(i-propyl)thiosulfonium Salts [1]The preparation of the mercaptosulfonium salts (i-C3H7)2SSX+SbCl6- (X = H, D) and of the chlorothiosulfonium salts (i-C3H7)2SSCl+MF6- (M = As, Sb) and (i-C3H7)2SSSCl+SbCl6- is reported. They are formed by reaction of chlorinated or protonated (i-C3H7)2S with excess H2S or SCl2 and S2Cl2. The thiosulfonium compounds are characterized by vibrational and NMR spectroscopic methods.
    Notes: Es wird über die Darstellung der Mercaptosulfoniumsalze (i-C3H7)2SSX+SbCl6- (X = H, D) und der Chlorthiosulfoniumsalze (i-C3H7)2SSCl+MF6- (M = As, Sb) und (i-C3H7)2SSSCl+SbCl6- berichtet. Sie werden aus chloriertem oder protoniertem (i-C3H7)2S durch Kondensationsraktionen mit überschüssigem H2S oder SCl2 und S2Cl2 gebildet. Die Charakterisierung der Thiosulfoniumverbindungen erfolgt schwingungs- und NMR-spektroskopisch.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-04-26
    Description: The Arctic is very susceptible to climate change and thus is warming much faster than the rest of the world. Clouds influence terrestrial and solar radiative fluxes and thereby impact the amplified Arctic warming. The partitioning of thermodynamic phases (i.e., ice crystals and water droplets) within mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) especially influences their radiative properties. However, the processes responsible for ice crystal forma- tion remain only partially characterized. In particular, so-called secondary ice production (SIP) processes, which create supplementary ice crystals from primary ice crystals and the environmental conditions that they occur in, are poorly understood. The microphysical properties of Arctic MPCs were measured during the Ny-Ålesund AeroSol Cloud ExperimENT (NASCENT) campaign to obtain a better understanding of the atmospheric con- ditions favorable for the occurrence of SIP processes. To this aim, the in situ cloud microphysical properties retrieved by a holographic cloud imager mounted on a tethered balloon system were complemented by ground- based remote sensing and ice-nucleating particle measurements. During the 6 d investigated in this study, SIP occurred during about 40 % of the in-cloud measurements, and high SIP events with number concentrations larger than 10 L−1 of small pristine ice crystals occurred in 4 % of the in-cloud measurements. This demonstrates the role of SIP for Arctic MPCs. The highest concentrations of small pristine ice crystals were produced at temperatures between −5 and −3 ◦C and were related to the occurrence of supercooled large droplets freezing upon collision with ice crystals. This suggests that a large fraction of ice crystals in Arctic MPCs are produced via the droplet-shattering mechanism. From evaluating the ice crystal images, we could identify ice–ice collision as a second SIP mechanism that dominated when fragile ice crystals were observed. Moreover, SIP occurred over a large temperature range and was observed in up to 80 % of the measurements down to −24 ◦C due to the occurrence of ice–ice collisions. This emphasizes the importance of SIP at temperatures below −8 ◦C, which are currently not accounted for in most numerical weather models. Although ice-nucleating particles may be necessary for the initial freezing of water droplets, the ice crystal number concentration is frequently determined by secondary production mechanisms.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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