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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haematological and lymphocyte subset analyses in sheep inoculated with bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (1994)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 18 (1994), S. 471-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: bovine immunodeficiency-like virus ; haematology ; infectivity ; lentivirus ; lymphocyte ; polymerase chain reaction ; provirus ; reverse transcriptase ; serology ; sheep
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV) was passagedin vivo by intraperitoneal transfusion of ovine whole blood. Prior to transfusion, the recipient sheep were given sodium thioglycolate intraperitoneally to induce mild non-suppurative inflammation. The anti-BIV antibody response, haematology, and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets (B, γδ, CD2+, CD4+ and CD8+) of recipient sheep were assessed for one year following transfusion. Passaging was successful since serum anti-BIV antibody responses were detected in 5 of the 6 recipient sheep; 1 of the 5 remained seropositive throughout the study. Lentivirus was not isolated from the recipient sheep, but provirus was detected by the polymerase chain reaction in DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes in 3 of the 5 sheep that seroconverted. In the BIV-inoculated sheep, neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly increased (p⩽0.05) at 3 months and between 6 and 8 months postinoculation, respectively. B, CD2+ and CD4+ cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratios were significantly increased (p⩽0.05) 2 months postinoculation. Mild, transient haematological changes occurred in BIV-exposed sheep, but illness was not detected in the year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01839424
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two different strains of an alphaherpesvirus can establish latency in the same tissue of the host animal: evidence from bovine herpesvirus 1 (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 107 (1989), S. 27-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We inoculated plaque-purified bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV 1), strain K22, subtype BHV 1.2b, intravenously into susceptible cattle. Five months later, we reactivated latent virus with dexamethasone and then super-infected the same cattle intranasally and intravaginally with a different plaquepurified BHV1, strain Cooper, subtype BHV 1.1. After a second dexamethasone treatment four months later, reactivated viruses were isolated and examined with restriction endonucleases. We showed that both virus subtypes were reactivated, proving that 2 different strains of an alphaherpesvirus can establish latency in the same tissue in the host animal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01313875
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Western blot assay for the detection of antibodies to bovine immunodeficiency-like virus in experimentally inoculated cattle, sheep, and goats (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 116 (1991), S. 119-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A cocultivation method was used to establish a cytocidal bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV) infection in primary fetal bovine lung (FBL) cell cultures. Cultures were monitored for virus production using radial immunodiffusion and agar gel immunodiffusion. Pelleted virus and detergent (CHAPS)-solubilized infected cell lysates from BIV-infected cell cultures were compared as sources of antigen for Western blots. Pelleted virus preparations from FBL-BIV cell cultures produced the best antigen for Western blot. Sheep and goats were inoculated with BIV and serum antibody responses were monitored up to 1 year post inoculation (PI). Sera from experimentally infected cattle, sheep, and goats reacted in Western blot assay with BIV viral induced polypeptides gp 110, p 72, p 55, p 50, gp 42, p 38, p 26, p 24, p 18, p 15, and p 13. Antibodies to p 26 were detected as early as 2 weeks PI in cattle, sheep, and goats. Antibodies to gp 110 were detected by 4 to 6 weeks PI in cattle, and by 9 months PI in sheep and goats. Antibodies to BIV proteins were still evident in cattle sera 2 1/2 years PI, and in sheep and goat sera 1 year PI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01319236
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Latency and reactivation of a thymidine kinase-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 deletion mutant (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 122 (1992), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV 1) mutant variant with a deletion in the thymidine kinase (TK) gene was assessed for its ability to establish latency and be reactivated in cattle. After treatment with dexamethasone, reactivated TK− BHV 1 was isolated from one of four cattle that received virus by intravenous inoculation only, and from four of four cattle that received virus by intranasal, intravaginal, and intravenous inoculation. Results prove that TK− BHV 1 will establish latency and can be reactivated in the natural host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01321129
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the bovine herpesvirus 1 genome during acute infection, after reactivation from latency, and after superinfection in the host animal (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 106 (1989), S. 261-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three subtypes, as defined byHindIII restriction endonuclease (RE) analysis patterns [17], of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV 1) were used to inoculate seronegative, BHV 1-free cattle. These included: infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), subtype 1.1; infectious pustular vulvovaginitis virus (IPPV) isolate K22, subtype 1.2b; and IPVV isolate FI, subtype 1.2a. Nasal, vaginal, and buffy coat samples were taken for virus isolation from each animal. RE analysis was done on virus isolates collected during acute infection, after reactivation from latency, and after reactivation followed by superinfection with a subtype of BHV 1 that differed from the primary inoculation virus. Changes occurred in the BHV1 genome after only 1 passage in the host animal, and varied from tissue to tissue within the same animal. Viruses reactivated from latency also displayed genome variability. Only animals that received IPVV as the primary inoculation virus were successfully superinfected. After superinfection, cattle shed both superinfecting and reactivated viruses, and genome variability was observed. These data suggest that the application of RE analysis in diagnostic and epidemiologic studies of BHV 1 is limited to analysis between types and subtypes, and is not applicable for the examination of isolates from within a BHV 1 subtype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01313957
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