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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 74 (1985), S. 665-679 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Remnants of the Liguria-Piemont Ocean with its Jurassic ophiolitic basement are preserved in the South Pennine thrust nappes of eastern Switzerland. Analysis of South Pennine stratigraphy and comparison with sequences from the adjacent continental margin units suggest that South Pennine nappes are relics of a transform fault system. This interpretation is based on three arguments: (1) In the highly dismembered ophiolite suite preserved, Middle to Late Jurassic pelagic sediments are found in stratigraphic contact not only with pillow basalts but also with serpentinites indicating the occurrence of serpentinite protrusions along fracture zones. (2) Ophiolite breccias (»ophicalcites«) occurring along distinct zones within peridotite-serpentinite host rocks are comparable with breccias from present-day oceanic fracture zones. They originated from a combination of tectonic and sedimentary processes: i.e. the fragmentation of oceanic basement on the seafloor and the filling of a network of neptunian dikes by pelagic sediment with locally superimposed hydrothermal activity and gravitational collapse. (3) The overlying Middle to Late Jurassic radiolarian chert contains repeated intercalations of massflow conglomerates mainly comprising components of oceanic basement but clasts of acidic basement rocks and oolitic limestone also exist. This indicates a close proximity between continental and oceanic basement. The rugged morphology manifested in the mass-flow deposits intercalated with the radiolarites is draped by pelagic sediments of Early Cretaceous age.
    Abstract: Résumé Des restes de l'océan liguro-piémontais avec son socle ophiolitique jurassique sont préservées dans les nappes du Pennique méridional de Suisse orientale. L'analyse de la stratigraphie sud-pennique et la comparaison avec les séquences d'unités de marge continentale adjacentes, suggèrent que les nappes penniques méridionales sont les restes d'un système de failles transformantes. Cette interprétation se base sur 3 arguments: (1) dans la séquence ophiolitique fortement disloquée, des sédiments pélagiques du Jurassique moyen à supérieur préservent des contacts stratigraphiques non seulement avec des basalts en coussins, mais aussi avec des serpentinites, indiquant l'occurence de protrusions ultramafiques le long de zones de fractures. (2) Des brèches ophiolitiques (»ophicalcites«) qui apparaissent dans des zones distinctes à l'intérieur de masses de péridotite-serpentinite sont comparables aux brèches des zones de fractures actuelles. Ces roches sont issues de la combinaison de processus tectoniques et sédimentaires, notamment la fragmentation du socle océanique au fond de la mer et le remplissage d'un réseau de filons néptuniens par du matérial sédimentaire pélagique, suivi localement d'une activité hydrothermale et d'un effondrement gravitationel. (3) Les radiolarites sur-jacentes du Jurassique supérieur recèlent des intercalations répétées de conglomerats d'écoulements de masse, comprenant principalement des constituants du socle océanique, mais aussi des clastes de roches acides et de calcaires oolithiques, indiquant ainsi la contiguité du socle continental et océanique. La morphologie mouvementée traduite par des dépôts d'écoulements de masse intercalés dans les radiolarites, est recouverte par des sédiments pélagiques d'âge crétacé inférieur.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Überreste des Ligurisch-Piemontesischen Ozeans mit seiner ophiolitischen Unterlage sind in den südpenninischen Decken Graubündens (E-Schweiz) erhalten. Auf Grund einer Analyse der südpenninischen Stratigraphie und einem Vergleich mit Serien aus ophiolithführenden Decken der Westalpen und Apenninen interpretieren wir die südpenninischen Decken als Relikte eines ozeanischen Transform-Bruch-Systems. Diese Interpretation beruht auf drei Argumenten: (1) Die stark zerrissene Ophiolitabfolge ist von pelagischen Sedimenten des ?mittleren und oberen Jura überlagert, wobei diese sowohl mit Basalten als auch mit Serpentiniten in stratigraphischem Kontakt sind. Wir vergleichen die südpenninischen Serpentinite mit Serpentinit-Protrusionen entlang von ozeanischen Bruchzonen. (2) Ophiolith-Breccien (»Ophicalcite«), die entlang bestimmter Zonen innerhalb des Serpentinitmuttergesteins auftreten, sind mit Breccien, wie sie in heutigen Transform-Brüchen gefunden werden, vergleichbar. Tektonische und sedimentäre Prozesse waren an der Bildung dieser Breccien beteiligt. Serpentinite zerbrachen in tektonisch aktiven Zonen und die entstehenden Risse und Gräben wurden mit pelagischem Sediment und mit Kollapsbreccien gefüllt. Hydrothermale Prozesse überprägten viele der Ophicalcite. (3) In den oberjurassischen Radiolariten findet man wiederholt Einschaltungen von Konglomeraten, in denen Ophiolith-Komponenten dominieren, in denen aber auch Komponenten von granitischen Gesteinen und von Flachwasserkarbonaten (?Triasische Oolite) an verschiedenen Orten beigemischt sind. Daraus schließen wir auf eine enge Nachbarschaft von ozeanischer und kontinentaler Kruste im Bereich des südpenninischen Ozeans. Ähnlich wie heute im Golf von Kalifornien dürfte die mesozoische kontinentale Kruste entlang des Ligurisch-Piemontesischen Ozeans durch Bruchzonen segmentiert worden sein. Über dieses ausgeprägte Relief lagern sich in der unteren Kreide pelagische Kalke, Mergel und schwarze Kieselschiefer, die Hinweise auf die Ozeanographie der Tethys geben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-03-14
    Description: A high-resolution carbonate C-isotope (δ13Ccarb) stratigraphy for the Aptian is presented for the Cau core from Alicante, Spain. The studied succession, lower to upper Aptian, embraces the record of the Early Aptian OAE 1a. The data provided includes δ13Ccarb, δ18O isotopes, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and CaCO3. Four overlapping cores (D1 to D4) were drilled with an almost 100% recovery of a total (corrected for dip) thickness of 143 m. The cores were split in two parts. One half was described, photographed and scanned, and then sampled with a drill to obtain powdered samples for geochemical analyses. Also, small solid samples were taken from the drill for biostratigraphic characterization of the nannofossil and planktonic foraminifera associations. Second half was stored for archive and future research.
    Keywords: Almadich formation; Aptian; Automatic calcimeter (DREAM Électronique SAS , Pessac, France); Calcium carbonate; C and O isotopes; Carbon, organic, total; Cau_Core-D1; Cau_Core-D2; Cau_Core-D3; Cau_Core-D4; Cau-core; CO3Ca; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Event label; Hemipelagic sedimentation; Mass spectrometer, Finnigan, MAT 253; coupled with Carbonate preparation device, Finnigan, KIEL IV; OAE 1a; RDC; Rock drill core; Sample ID; Shimadzu TOC-V CSH total organic carbon analyzer; TOC; δ13C; δ18O
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3121 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 73-521; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Globigerinoides sacculifer, δ13C; Globigerinoides sacculifer, δ18O; Glomar Challenger; Leg73; Mass spectrometer VG Micromass 903; Nuttallides umbonifera, δ13C; Nuttallides umbonifera, δ18O; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ13C; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ18O; Planulina wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Planulina wuellerstorfi, δ18O; Sample code/label; South Atlantic/HILL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 137 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 73-523; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Globigerinoides ruber, δ13C; Globigerinoides ruber, δ18O; Glomar Challenger; Leg73; Mass spectrometer VG Micromass 903; Nuttallides umbonifera, δ13C; Nuttallides umbonifera, δ18O; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ13C; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ18O; Planulina wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Planulina wuellerstorfi, δ18O; Sample code/label; South Atlantic/PLATEAU
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 130 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 73-524; 73-524B; Acarinina soldadoensis, δ13C; Acarinina soldadoensis, δ18O; Acarinina soldadoensis angulosa, δ13C; Acarinina soldadoensis angulosa, δ18O; Chiloguembelina spp., δ18O; Chiloguembelina subcylindrica, δ13C; Chiloguembelina subcylindrica, δ18O; Chiloguembelina wilcoxensis, δ13C; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Gavelinella beccariiformis, δ13C; Gavelinella beccariiformis, δ18O; Globorotalia pseudobulloides, δ13C; Globorotalia pseudobulloides, δ18O; Glomar Challenger; Leg73; Mass spectrometer VG Micromass 903; Morozovella cf. marginodentata, δ13C; Morozovella cf. marginodentata, δ18O; Morozovella subbotinae, δ13C; Morozovella subbotinae, δ18O; Morozovella velascoensis, δ13C; Morozovella velascoensis, δ18O; Nuttallides truempyi, δ13C; Nuttallides truempyi, δ18O; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ13C; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ18O; Sample code/label; South Atlantic/CANYON; Subbotina spp., δ13C; Subbotina spp., δ18O; Subbotina triangularis, δ13C; Subbotina triloculinoides, δ13C; Subbotina triloculinoides, δ18O
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 45 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 73-519; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Globigerinoides sacculifer, δ13C; Globigerinoides sacculifer, δ18O; Globoquadrina altispira, δ13C; Globoquadrina altispira, δ18O; Glomar Challenger; Leg73; Mass spectrometer VG Micromass 903; Nuttallides umbonifera, δ13C; Nuttallides umbonifera, δ18O; Orbulina universa, δ13C; Orbulina universa, δ18O; Planulina wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Planulina wuellerstorfi, δ18O; Sample code/label; South Atlantic/RIDGE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 120 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 73-522; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Globigerinoides conglobatus, δ13C; Globigerinoides conglobatus, δ18O; Glomar Challenger; Leg73; Mass spectrometer VG Micromass 903; Nuttallides umbonifera, δ13C; Nuttallides umbonifera, δ18O; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ13C; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ18O; Planulina wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Planulina wuellerstorfi, δ18O; Sample code/label; South Atlantic/PLATEAU
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 123 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 73-523; Acarinina bullbrooki, δ13C; Acarinina bullbrooki, δ18O; Acarinina primitiva, δ13C; Acarinina primitiva, δ18O; Cibicidoides sinistralis, δ13C; Cibicidoides sinistralis, δ18O; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Globigerinatheka mexicana, δ13C; Globigerinatheka mexicana, δ18O; Globigerinoides higginsi, δ13C; Globigerinoides higginsi, δ18O; Globocassidulina subglobosa, δ13C; Globocassidulina subglobosa, δ18O; Globorotalia possagnoensis, δ13C; Globorotalia possagnoensis, δ18O; Glomar Challenger; Gyroidina soldanii, δ13C; Gyroidina soldanii, δ18O; Leg73; Mass spectrometer VG Micromass 903; Morozovella aragonensis, δ13C; Morozovella aragonensis, δ18O; Morozovella subbotinae, δ13C; Morozovella subbotinae, δ18O; Nuttallides truempyi, δ13C; Nuttallides truempyi, δ18O; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ13C; Oridorsalis umbonatus, δ18O; Sample code/label; South Atlantic/PLATEAU; Subbotina eocaena, δ13C; Subbotina eocaena, δ18O; Subbotina senni, δ13C; Subbotina senni, δ18O
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 163 data points
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  • 9
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Erba, Elisabetta; Bottini, Cinzia; Weissert, Helmut J; Keller, Christina E (2010): Calcareous nannoplankton response to surface-water acidification around Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a. Science, 329(5990), 428-432, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1188886
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Ocean acidification induced by atmospheric CO2 may be a major threat to marine ecosystems, particularly to calcareous nannoplankton. We show that, during the Aptian (~120 million years ago) Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a, which resulted from a massive addition of volcanic CO2, the morphological features of calcareous nannofossils traced the biological response to acidified surface waters. We observe the demise of heavily calcified nannoconids and reduced calcite paleofluxes at the beginning of a pre-anoxia calcification crisis. Ephemeral coccolith dwarfism and malformation represent species-specific adjustments to survive lower pH, whereas later, abundance peaks indicate intermittent alkalinity recovery. Deepwater acidification occurred with a delay of 25,000 to 30,000 years. After the dissolution climax, nannoplankton and carbonate recovery developed over ~160,000 years under persisting global dysoxia-anoxia.
    Keywords: 62-463; APTICORE; Cismon; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg62; North Pacific/SEAMOUNT
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Weissert, Helmut J; McKenzie, Judith A; Wright, R; Clark, Murlene W; Oberhänsli, Hedi; Casey, Martin (1984): Paleoclimatic record of the Pliocene at Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 519, 521, 522, and 523 (Central South Atlantic). In: Hsü, KJ; LaBrecque, JL; et al. (eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 73, 701-715, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.73.131.1984
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: We established a composite oxygen- and carbon-isotope stratigraphy for the Pliocene in the central South Atlantic. Monospecific samples of benthic and planktonic foraminifers from pelagic sediments from DSDP Sites 519, 521, 522, and 523 were analyzed isotopically. The resulting benthic oxygen-isotope stratigraphy allowed three paleoclimatic periods in the Pliocene to be distinguished. During the early Pliocene (5.2-3.3 Ma), low-amplitude climatic changes prevailed in a world that was less glaciated than during the Pleistocene. A net increase in global ice volume is documented in a 0.5 permil positive shift in the average 18O composition of the benthic foraminifers at 3.2 Ma. The middle Pliocene (3.3-2.5 Ma) is not only characterized by a more widespread glaciation of the Southern and Northern hemispheres but also by more drastic isotopic differences between glacial and interglacial times. A minor shift in the average 18O composition of the benthic foraminifers marks the beginning of the late Pliocene-early Pleistocene climatic period (2.5-1.1 Ma). Alternating cold and warm climate is documented in both the oxygen-isotope record and in the pelagic sediments. During cold periods, sediments with a lower CaCO3 content indicate more corrosive bottom-water conditions. More negative 13C signals in the benthic foraminifers from these sediments suggest that the Antarctic Bottom Water current was intensified in glacial times. The oxygen-isotope composition of the measured planktonic foraminifers suggests that the surface water in this part of the South Atlantic remained relatively warm during the growth of the Pliocene glaciers.
    Keywords: 73-519; 73-521; 73-522; 73-523; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg73; South Atlantic/HILL; South Atlantic/PLATEAU; South Atlantic/RIDGE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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