Keywords:
COVID-19 (Disease)-Complications.
;
Electronic books.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (496 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9789811651052
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6819206
DDC:
616.24144
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Biography of Prof. Nirmal Kumar Ganguly -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- About the Editors -- Contributors -- 1: Corona Viruses: Emergence, Evolution, and Recurrence -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 General Classification and Distribution of Corona Viruses (CoVs) -- 1.3 Structural and Genomic Features of Corona Viruses -- 1.3.1 Structural Features -- 1.3.2 Genomic Features -- 1.4 Evolution of Corona Viruses -- 1.4.1 Animal Origin of Human Corona Viruses (HcoVs) -- 1.4.2 Genetic Diversity and Possible Reasons Behind the Interspecies Transmission -- 1.4.2.1 Genetic Diversity Among Human Corona Viruses (HCoVs) -- 1.4.2.1.1 Genus AlphaCoVs -- 1.4.2.1.2 Genus BetaCoVs -- 1.4.2.2 Genomic Variability of Corona Viruses (CoVs) in Animals and Humans -- 1.5 Emergence of Corona Viruses as Human Pathogens -- 1.5.1 Pandemic Human Corona Viruses -- 1.5.2 Endemic Human Corona Viruses -- 1.6 Comparative Pathophysiology of HCoVs -- 1.6.1 Less Pathogenic Strains (229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1) -- 1.6.2 Highly Pathogenic Strains (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) -- 1.6.2.1 SARS-CoV -- 1.6.2.2 MERS-CoV -- 1.6.2.3 SARS -CoV2 -- 1.7 SARS-CoV-2 Variants and the Second Wave of COVID-19 -- 1.7.1 Variants of Interest -- 1.7.2 Variants of Concern -- 1.7.3 Surge of COVID-19 in 2021 -- 1.7.4 Second Wave of COVID-19 in Indian Perspective -- 1.8 Therapeutic Options, Control Measures, and Challenges -- 1.8.1 Repurposing of Drugs -- 1.8.2 Control of Corona Viral Diseases Through Vaccines -- 1.8.2.1 Whole Virus Inactivated or Killed -- 1.8.2.2 Live Attenuated Vaccines (LAV) -- 1.8.2.3 DNA Vaccines -- 1.8.2.4 Non-replicating Viral Vector Vaccines -- 1.8.2.5 Protein Subunit Vaccines -- 1.8.2.6 Virus-Like Particle (VLP) Based Vaccines -- 1.8.2.7 RNA Vaccines -- 1.9 Control Measures -- 1.10 Challenges -- 1.11 Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References.
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2: Testing Strategy of Covid-19: A Mechanistic Approach -- 2.1 Introduction -- References -- 3: The Broad Impact of Infectious Disease Epidemics on Human Civilization: A Public Health Perspective -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Historical Aspects -- 3.2.1 Cholera Forcing -- 3.2.2 Technology Forcing -- 3.2.3 Scapegoating -- 3.2.4 Cholera Denial -- 3.2.5 Role of Globalization -- 3.3 Behavioural Changes in the Wake of COVID-19 -- 3.3.1 International Scenario -- 3.3.2 India/Country-Level Scenario -- 3.3.3 Community-Level Scenario -- 3.3.4 Home-Level scenario -- 3.3.5 Professional Life scenario -- 3.3.6 Health Care Sector scenario -- 3.3.7 Media scenario -- 3.3.8 Behavioural Changes in Routine Life in Various Sections of Society -- 3.3.8.1 Patients -- 3.3.8.2 High-Risk Groups -- 3.3.8.3 Doctors/Nurses/Health Care Workers (Corona Warriors) -- 3.3.8.4 Migrant Labour -- 3.3.8.5 Domestic Help -- 3.3.8.6 Children and Adolescents -- 3.3.8.7 Adults -- 3.3.8.8 Elderly and People with Disabilities -- 3.3.8.9 Scenario in Different Income Groups -- 3.3.8.9.1 Below Poverty Line (Poor People) -- 3.3.8.9.2 Middle-Class people -- 3.3.8.9.3 Upper Middle- and Upper-Class People -- 3.3.9 Impact on Different Aspects of the Life of the General Public -- 3.3.9.1 Home -- 3.3.9.2 Food -- 3.3.9.3 Shopping for Grocery -- 3.3.9.4 Entertainment -- 3.3.9.5 Work/Offices/Occupation -- 3.3.9.5.1 Permanent Employees -- 3.3.9.5.2 Loss of Job for Temporary Workers, Future Gloomy -- 3.3.9.5.3 Hospitality Industry -- 3.3.9.5.4 Conferences, Meeting, Interviews/Exams and Outings were Suspended -- 3.3.9.5.5 Work from Home -- 3.3.9.5.6 School/Colleges -- 3.3.9.5.7 Outing/Socializing -- 3.3.9.5.8 Marriages/Rituals/Functions/Ceremonies -- 3.3.9.5.9 Sleep -- 3.3.9.5.10 Mental Health Issues -- 3.3.9.5.11 Exercise -- 3.3.9.5.12 Transport and Travel -- 3.3.9.5.13 Rent/Accommodation.
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3.3.9.5.14 Health care sector -- 3.3.9.5.15 Pets -- 3.3.9.5.16 Religious Places -- 3.3.10 Behavioural Economics and COVID-19 -- 3.3.11 COVID-19 Resulted in Unprecedented Job Loss -- 3.3.12 Social Impacts: Rumours and social chaos -- 3.3.13 The Pandemic Brought us Many Gains Also- -- 3.4 Role of Various Stakeholders in Corona Pandemic with a Specific Focus upon Public Health Discipline -- 3.4.1 Role of National-Level Policy-Makers/Executives/Experts -- 3.4.2 Role of Apex-Level Medical Institutions -- 3.4.3 Role of Public Health Professionals in Control of Coronavirus Crisis -- 3.4.4 Application of General Principles of Public Health -- 3.4.4.1 Level 1: Health Promotion -- 3.4.4.1.1 Ways to Improve our Societies After the Pandemic -- 3.4.4.1.2 Common-Sense Steps cities Can Take to Fight the Coronavirus -- 3.4.4.1.3 Ways to Tackle Ethical and Legal Issues in Pandemic Planning (Lemon et al. 2007) -- 3.4.4.1.4 Application of the Other Lessons Learnt -- 3.4.4.1.5 Battling Airborne Pathogens -- 3.4.4.1.6 Vaccines and Pharmaceuticals -- 3.4.4.2 Level 2: Specific Protection -- 3.4.4.3 Secondary Prevention (Level 3: Early Diagnosis and Treatment) -- 3.4.4.4 Tertiary Prevention -- 3.4.5 Public Health Professionals´ Perspectives on COVID-19 -- 3.5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- 3.5.1 Behavioural Strategies for Disease Containment and Mitigation -- 3.5.2 The Problem of Authority Needs to Be Resolved -- 3.5.3 Role of the Government and the Administrators -- 3.5.3.1 Widespread Blame Games -- 3.5.3.2 Impact of Shutdowns -- 3.5.3.3 Pandemic as an Opportunity for `Technology Forcing´ -- 3.5.3.4 One Health Concept -- 3.5.3.5 Pandemics as Collateral Damage of our Behaviour -- 3.5.3.6 Pandemics Viewed as a By-Product of International Power Game -- 3.5.3.7 Final Comments -- References -- 4: Human Impacts on Natural Habitats Leading to Covid-19 Pandemic.
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4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Human Impacts on Natural Habitats -- 4.3 Unplanned Urbanization -- 4.4 Climate Change -- 4.5 Environmental Sustainability for the Prevention of Pandemics in Future -- 4.6 Conclusion -- References -- 5: Transmission of SARS-CoV2 and Strategies for Control of Infection: Lessons Learnt -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Modes of Transmission -- 5.2.1 Epidemiological Triad of COVID-19 -- 5.2.2 Chain of Transmission -- 5.2.3 Incubation Period -- 5.3 Phases of Pandemic -- 5.4 Strategies to Break the Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 -- 5.5 Impact of Various Strategies on Different Spheres of People -- 5.6 Mortality and Comorbid Conditions Associated with COVID-19 -- 5.7 Role of Vaccine -- 5.8 Success Stories -- References -- 6: Pathogenesis of COVID-19 Infection -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Virus Entry and Spread -- 6.3 Cytokine Storm -- 6.4 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) -- 6.5 Immune Dysfunction -- References -- 7: Pathology of COVID-19 Infection -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The Pulmonary System -- 7.3 Extra Pulmonary Involvement -- 7.3.1 The Cardiovascular System -- 7.3.2 The Nervous System -- 7.3.3 Musculoskeletal System -- 7.3.4 The Liver -- 7.3.5 The Kidney -- 7.3.6 The Gastrointestinal System -- 7.3.7 The Skin -- 7.3.8 The Genital System (Testis) -- 7.3.9 The Hematopoietic System -- References -- 8: COVID-19: Clinical Spectrum-It´s Multiorgan Syndrome -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Clinical Presentation -- 8.2.1 Pulmonary Manifestations -- 8.2.2 Extrapulmonary Manifestations -- 8.2.2.1 Gastrointestinal and Liver -- 8.2.3 Renal Manifestations -- 8.2.4 Cardiac Manifestations -- 8.2.5 Vascular System -- 8.2.6 Neurologic Manifestations -- 8.2.7 Hematologic Abnormalities -- 8.2.8 Cutaneous Manifestations -- 8.2.9 Reproductive System Involvement -- 8.2.10 Ocular Manifestations -- 8.2.11 Psychiatric Manifestations -- 8.3 Special Considerations.
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8.3.1 COVID-19 and Pregnancy -- 8.3.2 COVID-19 and Children -- 8.4 Conclusion -- References -- 9: Organ Involvement in COVID 19: Lung and Beyond -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Lung Involvement -- 9.3 Heart and Blood Vessels -- 9.4 Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver -- 9.5 Haematological Manifestations -- 9.6 Neurological Manifestations -- 9.7 Anosmia and Ageusia -- 9.8 Renal Involvement -- 9.9 Skin Manifestations -- 9.10 Endocrine Abnormalities -- 9.11 Ocular Manifestations -- 9.11.1 Persistent/Long COVID -- Suggested Reading -- 10: COVID-19 and Mucormycosis -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Mucormycosis -- 10.3 COVID-19 and Immunosuppression -- 10.4 Mucormycosis Coinfection in COVID-19 -- 10.5 Time of Presentation -- 10.6 Reasons for Increase in Mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients (https://dghs.gov.in/WriteReadData/News/202105171119301555988Mu... -- 10.7 Diagnosis -- 10.8 Current Management and Treatment Options for CAM -- References -- 11: Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis-The Bane of the `Black Fungus´ -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Cause and Pathogenesis -- 11.3 Risk Factors -- 11.4 COVID-19 and Mucormycosis -- 11.5 Clinical Features of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral-Mucormycosis -- 11.6 Imaging -- 11.7 Microbiological Investigations -- 11.8 Management -- 11.8.1 Medical Management -- 11.8.2 Surgical Management -- 11.8.3 Systemic Management -- 11.9 Disease Burden and Prognosis -- 11.10 Prevention -- 11.11 Conclusion -- References -- 12: Strokes, Neurological, and Neuropsychiatric Disorders in COVID-19 -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) Infection -- 12.3 The Burden of Neurological Manifestations -- 12.4 Pathogenesis of Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19 -- 12.5 Stroke in COVID-19: Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Manifestation -- 12.6 Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of COVID-19 -- 12.7 Summary.
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References.
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