Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Rigorous Evaluation of Gravity Field Functionals from Satellite-Only Gravitational Models Within Topography -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Numerical Example -- 4 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Application of the Recursive Least-Squares Adaptive Filter on Simulated Satellite Gravity Gradiometry Data -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Recursive Least-Squares Algorithm -- 3 Simulation Study -- 4 Results -- 5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Accuracy of Regional Geoid Modelling with GOCE -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Error Degree Variances -- 2.1 Error Degree Variance of Terrestrial Gravity Data -- 2.2 Error Degree Variances from Satellite-Only Gravity Models -- 3 Spectral Weights and Filter Functions -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- The Effect of Noise on Geoid Height in Stokes-Helmert Method -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Transferring to Helmert Space -- 3 Downward Continuation of Gravity Anomalies -- 4 Stokes Integration -- 5 Numerical Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Approximation of Local Quasi-Geoid Using Point Mass Method Based on Bjerhammar Theory -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Geoidal Height Computation Using the RCR Method -- 3 Point Mass Based Frequency-Wise Representation of Geoid Height -- 3.1 Representation of Geoid Height Using Point Masses -- 3.2 Frequency-Wise Expression of Geoidal Height -- 4 Numerical Test -- 5 Summary -- References -- Optimal Combination of Satellite and Terrestrial Gravity Data for Regional Geoid Determination Using Stokes-Helmert's Method, the Auvergne Test Case -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Method -- 3 Numerical Results -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- New Modifications of Stokes' Integral -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Least Squares-Meissl Modified Stokes' Integral -- 3 Derivation of the Truncation Coefficients -- 4 Determination of Modification Parameters. , 5 Numerical Results -- 5.1 Smoothing Filters and Conditioning the Equations -- 5.2 Modified MS Kernels -- 5.3 Error Reduction -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- Appendix -- References -- Gravimetric Investigations at Vernagtferner -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Observational Program and Instrumentation -- 3 Preliminary Results -- 3.1 Absolute Gravity and Instrument Calibration -- 3.2 Temporal Gravity Variations at Selected Stations -- 3.3 Glacier Thickness -- 4 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Analysis of the GRAV-D Airborne Gravity Data for Geoid Modelling -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Data -- 3.1 GRAV-D Airborne Gravity Data -- 3.2 Terrestrial Gravity Data -- 4 Upward Continuation Simulation -- 5 Computations and Comparisons -- 5.1 Computation of Helmert Gravity Disturbances from GRAV-D Data -- 5.2 Comparisons of GRAV-D and the Upward Continued Terrestrial Gravity Data -- 6 Summary -- References -- The African 3'' 3'' DTM and Its Validation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Used -- 2.1 The 1'' 1'' ASTER-GDEM Model -- 2.2 The SRTM30+ Model -- 3 Creating the 3''3'' DTM for Africa -- 3.1 Interpolating SRTM30+ DTM -- 3.2 Smoothing the 1'' 1'' ASTER-GDEM DTM -- 3.3 Creating the 3'' 3'' African DTM -- 4 Validation of the Developed African DTM -- 4.1 Comparison with AFH13S30 -- 4.2 Comparison with Reference-Checking Data on Land -- 4.3 Comparison with Reference-Checking Data on Ocean -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Evaluation of the African Gravity Database AFRGDB_V1.0 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Used to Generate the AFRGDB_V1.0 Gravity Database -- 2.1 Land Data -- 2.2 Shipborne Data -- 2.3 Altimetry Data -- 3 The AFRGDB_V1.0 Gravity Database -- 4 The New Data Set on Land -- 5 Validation of the AFRGDB_V1.0 Gravity Database -- 5.1 External Validation -- 5.2 Internal Validation -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- New Absolute Gravity Measurements in New Zealand. , 1 Introduction -- 2 Measurements -- 2.1 Gravity Points -- 2.2 Measurements and Data Processing -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 3.1 Gravity Values -- 3.2 Comparisons of the Gravity Values -- 3.3 Gravity Changes at Godley Head -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Strapdown Airborne Gravimetry Using a Combination of Commercial Software and Stable-Platform Gravity Estimates -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Principles -- 2.1 The Kalman Filter -- 2.2 Inseparability of Accelerometer Bias and Gravity Variation -- 3 Data -- 4 Processing Methodology -- 4.1 Separating Gravity from Bias Variation -- 4.2 Merging IMU and LCR Estimates -- 5 Results -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- First Six Months of Superconducting Gravimetry in Argentina -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Station -- 3 Determination of the Frequency Transfer Function of SG038 -- 4 First Tidal Analysis -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Tilt Susceptibility of the Scintrex CG-5 Autograv Gravity Meter Revisited -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Tests and Results -- 3 Summary and Recommendations -- References -- Gravity Calibration Baseline Between Jeddah and Taif in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Gravity Calibration Baseline (GCB): Site Selection and Monuments -- 3 Measurements -- 3.1 Calibration of Gravimeters -- 3.2 Absolute Measurements -- 3.3 Relative Measurements -- 4 Comparison of Absolute and Relative Gravity Measurements -- 5 Adjustment -- 5.1 The Model -- 5.2 GCB Network Adjustment -- 6 Discussions -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Investigation of Geoid Height Variations and Vertical Displacements of the Earth Surface in the Context of the Realization of a Modern Vertical Reference System: A Case Study for Poland -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Used and Study Area -- 3 Temporal Geoid Height Variations -- 4 Water Mass Variations and Vertical Displacements. , 5 Conclusions and Discussion -- References -- Analysis of GOCE Omission Error and Its Contribution to Vertical Datum Offsets in Greece and Its Islands -- 1 Introduction and Problem Definition -- 2 Data Sets Used for the Study -- 2.1 Geoid Solutions from Global Model -- 2.2 Local Hellenic Geoid Model -- 2.3 GPS-Levelling Data -- 3 Omission Error Analysis -- 4 Height System Offsets Between Islands -- 5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Quality Control of Height Benchmarks in Attica, Greece, Combining GOCE/GRACE Satellite Data, Global Geopotential Models and Detailed Terrain Information -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology and Data -- 2.1 Data Availability and Test Area -- 2.1.1 GPS/Levelling Information -- 2.1.2 Geopotential Model Availability -- 2.1.3 Detailed Terrain Information -- 2.2 Combination Scheme and Validation Procedure -- 2.2.1 Data Preprocessing and Datum Concept -- 2.2.2 Combination Scheme and Heights Validation -- 2.2.3 RTM Effects Consideration -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 GOCE Only Models -- 3.2 GOCE, GRACE and CHAMP Satellite and Combined Models -- 3.3 GRACE: Only and GRACE/GOCE Combined Models -- 3.4 Discussion on the Hellenic Vertical Network Quality -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- GOCE Variance and Covariance Contribution to Height System Unification -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology and Data -- 2.1 Data and Preprocessing -- 2.2 Adjustment Combination Schemes -- 2.3 Error Consideration -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Parametric Models Adjustment -- 3.2 Weighting Effect -- 3.3 Variance Component Estimation -- 3.4 Estimation of the Zero-Level Geopotential Value -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- The Use of GNSS/Levelling and Gravity Data for the Spanish Height System Unification -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Height Datum Problem and the Adopted Solution -- 3 The Used Dataset -- 3.1 The Spanish REDNAP Data. , 3.2 The Global Gravity Models -- 4 Data Pre-processing -- 4.1 Reference Frame Transformations -- 4.2 Computation of Normal Heights -- 4.3 GNSS/Levelling Data Selection -- 4.4 Observation Equation Writing and Testing -- 5 Data Analysis and Results -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Comparison of Different Approaches to Gravity Determination and Their Utilization for Calculation of Geopotential Numbers in the Slovak National Levelling Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Comparison of Different Methods for the Gravity Calculation -- 2.1 Gravity Determination from the Interpolated Value of Complete Bouguer Anomaly -- 2.2 Gravity Determination from GGM and GGM+RTM -- 3 Determination of the Geopotential Numbers and Normal Heights According to Molodenski -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Assessment of the Greek Vertical Datum: A Case Study in Central Greece -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Available Data and Models -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Evaluation of NRTK-Based Heighting Techniques from Different Continuously Operating GNSS Reference Networks in Greece -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data: Methodology -- 3 Test Results -- 3.1 Absolute Height Bias -- 3.2 Assessment of Relative Orthometric Heights -- 3.3 PDOP -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- SLA Determination in Coastal Areas Using Least-Squares Collocation and Cryosat-2 Data -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Satellite Altimetry Data Availability and Methodology -- 3 Numerical Results for Mediterranean Sea -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Spectral Analysis and Validation of Multiple Input/Multiple Output DOT Estimation in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Mathematical Background -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Test Area and Data Combination Scheme -- 3.2 GOCE Assimilation Effect to Data Reduction -- 3.3 MIMOST DOT Estimation. , 3.3.1 Geopotential Model Effect.