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  • 1
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    Kamil Crater (Egypt): Ground truth for small-scale meteorite impacts on Earth (2011)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-01
    Description: Small impact craters (
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Cryoseismicity triggered by ice mass discharge through the Antarctic subglacial hydrographic network (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-12
    Description: We analyze seismic time series collected during experimental campaigns in the area of the David Glacier, South Victoria Land, Antarctica, between 2003 and 2016. We observe hundreds of repeating seismic events, characterized by highly correlated waveforms (cross-correlation 〉 0.95), which mainly occur in the floating area between the grounding and the floating line of the ice stream. The joint analysis of seismic occurrences and observed local tide measurements shows that seismicity is not triggered by a seasonal, periodic forcing such as the ocean tide, but more likely by transient irregular impulses. We consider possible environmental processes and their impact on the coupling between the glacier flow and the brittle bedrock failure. Our results suggest that clustered and repeated seismic events may be correlated with transient episodes of mass ice discharge (observed by satellite GRACE and GRACE-FO experiments) through the subglacial hydrographic system that originates upstream of the glacier and extends to the grounding zone, lubricating the interface with the bedrock. The GRACE data reveal a mass transfer from the David Glacier catchment area towards the coast which could be consistent with an emptying/refilling of the regional subglacial hydrographic network and the subsequent acceleration of the glacier flow. Basal lubrication conditions are correlated with seismic occurrences that we locate in correspondence with the main flows toward the David Cauldron.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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    GFZ OAI
  • 3
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    Prospezioni Geofisiche lungo le Vie Appia Antica e Severiana (2008)
    Palombi Editori
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-17
    Description: Nell'ambito della ricerca "Le vie romane del Mediterraneo" è stato eseguito uno studio sulle antiche vie consolari di Roma, la via Appia antica e la via Severiana mediante l'esecuzione di campagne di misure geofisiche, finalizzate all'individuazione di tratti poco noti della viabilità antica e di resti archeologici presenti lungo tali percorsi e non visibili in superficie. I metodi geofisici impiegati nella ricerca sono stati la magnetometria, il georadar, la tomografia elettrica e la microgravimetria. Tali metodologie sono state utilizzate singolarmente o integrate tra loro secondo il tipo di struttura da individuare e relativamente al contesto ambientale.
    Description: Published
    Description: 29-49
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: magnetometria ; GPR ; archeologia ; geoelettrica ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 4
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    New estimations of precipitation and surface sublimation in East Antarctica from snow accumulation measurements (2008)
    Springer - Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: Surface mass balance (SMB) distribution and its temporal and spatial variability is an essential input parameter in mass balance studies. Different methods were used, compared and integrated (stake farms, ice cores, snow radar, surface morphology, remote sensing) at eight sites along a transect from Terra Nova Bay (TNB) to Dome C (DC) (East Antarctica), to provide detailed information on the SMB. Spatial variability measurements show that the measured maximum snow accumulation (SA) in a 15 km area is well correlated to firn temperature. Wind-driven sublimation processes, controlled by the surface slope in the wind direction, have a huge impact (up to 85% of snow precipitation) on SMB and are significant in terms of past, present and future SMB evaluations. The snow redistribution process is local and has a strong impact on the annual variability of accumulation. The spatial variability of SMB at the kilometre scale is one order of magnitude higher than its temporal variability (20–30%) at the centennial time scale. This high spatial variability is due to wind-driven sublimation. Compared with our SMB calculations, previous compilations generally over-estimate SMB, up to 65% in some areas.
    Description: Published
    Description: 803-813
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: East Antarctica ; Surface Mass Balance ; Snow accumulation ; GPR ; GPS ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.02. Cryosphere/atmosphere Interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Spatial and temporal variability of snow accumulation in East Antarctica from traverse data (2008)
    International Glaciological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: Recent snow accumulation rate is a key quantity for ice core and mass balance studies. Several accumulation measurement methods (stake farm, fin core, snow-radar profiling, surface morphology, remote sensing) were used, compared and integrated at eight sites along a transect from Terra Nova Bay to Dome C (East Antarctica) to provide information about the spatial and temporal variability of snow accumulation. Thirty-nine cores were dated by identifying tritium/β marker levels (1965–66[AUTHOR: Please check dates, I don’t think this agrees with table 1]) and no-sea-salt (nss) SO4 raised to the power of 2– spikes of the Tambora volcanic event (1816) in order to provide information on temporal variability. Cores were linked by snow radar and GPS surveys to provide detailed information on spatial variability in snow accumulation. Stake farm and ice core accumulation rates are observed to differ significantly, but isochrones (snow radar) correlate well with ice core derived accumulation. The accumulation/ablation pattern from stake measurements suggests that the annual local noise (metre scale) in snow accumulation can approach 2 years of ablation and more than four times the average annual accumulation, with no accumulation or ablation for a 5-year period in up to 40% of cases. The spatial variability of snow accumulation at the kilometre scale is one order of magnitude higher than temporal variability at the multi-decadal/secular scale. Stake measurements and firn cores at Dome C confirm an approximate 30% increase in accumulation over the last two centuries, with respect to the average over the last 5000 years.
    Description: Published
    Description: 113-124
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: East Antarctica ; GPR ; GPS ; snow accumulation ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.02. Cryosphere/atmosphere Interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Geological and geophysical investigation of Kamil crater, Egypt (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-21
    Description: We detail the Kamil crater (Egypt) structure and refine the impact scenario, based on the geological and geophysical data collected during our first expedition in February 2010. Kamil Crater is a model for terrestrial small-scale hypervelocity impact craters. It is an exceptionally well-preserved, simple crater with a diameter of 45 m, depth of 10 m, and rayed pattern of bright ejecta. It occurs in a simple geological context: flat, rocky desert surface, and target rocks comprising subhorizontally layered sandstones. The high depth-to-diameter ratio of the transient crater, its concave, yet asymmetric, bottom, and the fact that Kamil Crater is not part of a crater field confirm that it formed by the impact of a single iron mass (or a tight cluster of fragments) that fragmented upon hypervelocity impact with the ground. The circular crater shape and asymmetries in ejecta and shrapnel distributions coherently indicate a direction of incidence from the NW and an impact angle of approximately 30 to 45 . Newly identified asymmetries, including the off-center bottom of the transient crater floor downrange, maximum overturning of target rocks along the impact direction, and lower crater rim elevation downrange, may be diagnostic of oblique impacts in well-preserved craters. Geomagnetic data reveal no buried individual impactor masses 〉100 kg and suggest that the total mass of the buried shrapnel 〉100 g is approximately 1050–1700 kg. Based on this mass value plus that of shrapnel 〉10 g identified earlier on the surface during systematic search, the new estimate of the minimum projectile mass is approximately 5 t.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1842–1868
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Impact craters ; geophysical survey ; iron meteorite ; impact scenario ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    The Kamil Crater in Egypt (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-21
    Description: BREVIA
    Description: We report on the discovery in southern Egypt of an impact crater 45 m in diameter with a pristine rayed structure. Such pristine structures have been previously observed only on atmosphereless rocky or icy planetary bodies in the Solar System. This feature and the association with an iron meteorite impactor and shock metamorphism provides a unique picture of small-scale hypervelocity impacts on the Earth's crust. Contrary to current geophysical models, ground data indicate that iron meteorites with masses of the order of tens of tons can penetrate the atmosphere without significant fragmentation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 804
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Impact crater ; Egypt ; geophysical exploration ; ataxite ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Kamil Crater (Egypt): Ground truth for small-scale meteorite impacts on Earth (2011)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-21
    Description: Small impact craters (〈300 m in diameter) are rare on Earth and mostly deeply eroded, so that knowledge of their formation mechanism and the hazard small impactors constitute to human populations is largely based on physical models. We report on the geophysical investigation of the Kamil Crater we recently discovered in southern Egypt. The Kamil Crater is a 〈5 k.y. old impact crater 45 m in diameter, with a pristine ejecta ray structure. Such well-preserved structures have been previously observed only on extraterrestrial rocky or icy planetary bodies. This crater feature, and the association with an iron meteorite impactor and shock metamorphism, provides a unique impression of aspects of small-scale hypervelocity impacts on the Earth’s crust. Contrary to current models, ground data indicate that iron meteorites with masses of tens of tons may be able to penetrate the atmosphere without substantial fragmentation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 179-182
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: impact cratering ; iron meteorites ; shock metamorphism ; Kamil Crater ; Gebel Kamil ; meteorite ; Egypt ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    A synthesis of the Antarctic surface mass balance during the last 800 yr (2013)
    Copernicus Gesellschaft GMBH
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: Global climate models suggest that Antarctic snowfall should increase in a warming climate and mitigate rises in the sea level. Several processes affect surface mass balance (SMB), introducing large uncertainties in past, present and future ice sheet mass balance. To provide an extended perspective on the past SMB of Antarctica, we used 67 firn/ice core records to reconstruct the temporal variability in the SMB over the past 800 yr and, in greater detail, over the last 200 yr. Our SMB reconstructions indicate that the SMB changes over most of Antarctica are statistically negligible and that the current SMB is not exceptionally high compared to the last 800 yr. High-accumulation periods have occurred in the past, specifically during the 1370s and 1610s. However, a clear increase in accumulation of more than 10% has occurred in high SMB coastal regions and over the highest part of the East Antarctic ice divide since the 1960s. To explain the differences in behaviour between the coastal/ice divide sites and the rest of Antarctica, we suggest that a higher frequency of blocking anticyclones increases the precipitation at coastal sites, leading to the advection of moist air in the highest areas, whereas blowing snow and/or erosion have significant negative impacts on the SMB at windy sites. Eight hundred years of stacked records of the SMB mimic the total solar irradiance during the 13th and 18th centuries. The link between those two variables is probably indirect and linked to a teleconnection in atmospheric circulation that forces complex feedback between the tropical Pacific and Antarctica via the generation and propagation of a large-scale atmospheric wave train.
    Description: Published
    Description: 303–319
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Antarctica ; Surface Mass Balance ; Global Climate Models ; Ice core ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.02. Cryosphere/atmosphere Interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    Spatial and temporal variability of surface mass balance near Talos Dome, East Antarctica (2007)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Predictions concerning Antarctica’s contribution to sea level change have been hampered by poor knowledge of surface mass balance. Snow accumulation is the most direct climate indicator and has important implications for palaeoclimatic reconstruction from ice cores. Snow accumulation measurements (stake, core, snow radar) taken along a 500 km transect crossing Talos Dome (East Antarctica) have been used to assess accumulation signals and the representativeness of ice core records. Stake readings show that accumulation hiatuses can occur at sites with accumulation rates below 120 kg m-2 yr-1. Differences between cores and stakes can lead to statistical misidentification of annual layers determined from seasonal signals at sites with accumulation rates below 200 kg m-2 yr-1 due to non-detection of higher and lower values. Achieving ±10% accuracy in the reconstruction of snow accumulation from single cores requires high accumulation (750 kg m-2 yr-1). Low-accumulation sites are representative if cumulative rates computed over several years are used to reach the 750 kg m-2 yr-1 threshold. Temporal variability of accumulation over the last two centuries shows no significant increase in accumulation. Wind-driven processes are a fundamental component of surface mass balance. Spatial variations in accumulation are well correlated with surface slope changes along the wind direction and may exceed 200 kg m-2 yr-1 within one kilometer. Wind-driven sublimation rates are less than 50 kg m-2 yr-1 in plateau areas and up to 260 kg m-2 yr-1 in slope areas and account for 20-75% of precipitation, whereas depositional features are negligible in surface mass balance.
    Description: Submitted
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: surface mass balance ; temporal snow accumulation variability ; morphology ; Talos Dome ; East Antarctica ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: manuscript
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