Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Wave Energy System Design of the Waraqocha Project -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background of Undomotive Energy -- 3 System Conceptual Design -- 4 Cadastre Data Analysis -- 5 Mechanical Design -- 5.1 Float -- 5.2 Arm -- 5.3 Cylinders -- 6 Hydraulic Design -- 6.1 Suction System -- 6.2 Drive System -- 7 Turbine and Electric Generation -- 7.1 Pelton Turbine -- 7.2 Estimated Generation -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Performance Characteristics of Mineral Oil Blended with Vegetable Oil -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Details -- 2.1 Oil Samples -- 2.2 Mixed/Blended Oil Sample Preparation Process -- 2.3 Measurement of Breakdown Voltage -- 2.4 Measurement of Viscosity -- 2.5 Measurement of Flash Point -- 2.6 Measurement of Pour Point -- 3 Experimental Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Properties of Base Oil Samples -- 3.2 Properties of Mixed/Blended Oil Samples -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Design of Beam Splitters by Using 1D Defect Ternary Photonic Band Gap Structures -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theory -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Comparative Study Between Different Mechanisms for Determining the Flocculant Dosage in the Sedimentation of Copper Concentrates -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Adorjan Thickeners Design Method -- 2.1 Thickener Area -- 2.2 Thickener Height -- 3 Experimental Procedure -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Maximum Sedimentation Rate Method -- 4.2 Sediment Granulometry Method -- 4.3 Thickener Design Evaluation Method -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Investigation on Critical Characteristics of Mineral Oil by Using h-BN Nanoparticles -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Details -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Implementation of ALU Using Partial Adiabatic Logic Style -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review. , 2.1 Power Reduction of Half Adder And Half Subtractor using different Partial Adiabatic Logic Styles -- 2.2 An Alternative Approach To Low Power Application Circuits Using Adiabatic Logic -- 3 ALU -- 3.1 Logical Block of ALU -- 3.2 4-Bit Full Adder -- 3.3 4-Bit Full Subtractor -- 3.4 4-Bit ALU -- 4 Simulations and Results -- 4.1 Conventional Circuits -- 4.2 Adiabatic Logic Circuits -- 5 Power Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- High Speed Low Voltage Hybrid Full Adder for Computing Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Pass Networks -- 2.1 Pass Logic Implementation of XOR Cell -- 3 Full Adder Cell -- 3.1 XOR-XNOR Cell Using Pass Transmission Logic -- 3.2 Proposed Sum Module -- 3.3 Proposed Carry Module -- 3.4 Proposed Full Adder -- 4 Simulation Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Fracture Interface Observation After the Mechanical Test of Additively Manufactured CCFRTC Fabricated Under the Controlled Air Flow Cooling Effect -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Fabrication Process of CCFRPC Specimens Using Control Cooling Effect -- 3 Observation of the Manufactured Composite Specimens -- 4 Fractured Interface Analysis of the CCFRPC Specimens After Performing Mechanical Testing -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Influence of Acetic Acids on Performance Parameters of Vegetable Oil Insulation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Details -- 2.1 Selection of Base Oil Samples -- 2.2 Proposed Samples -- 2.3 Oil Preparation Processes -- 2.4 Measurement of Breakdown Voltage -- 2.5 Measurement of Viscosity -- 2.6 Measurement of Flash Point -- 2.7 Measurement of Pour Point -- 3 Experimental Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Properties of Base Oil Samples -- 3.2 Properties of Acid-Included Oil Samples -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Design of Gate All Around MOS-Based RADFET Dosimeter -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Device Physics -- 2.1 Theory -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion. , References -- Influence of Casting Moulds on the Tensile and Corrosion Characteristics of Palm Kernel Shell Ash Reinforced Al6063-SiC Composite -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Production of Composites -- 2.3 Mechanical Test -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) -- 3.2 Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) -- 3.3 Elongation -- 3.4 Metallographic Examination -- 3.5 Corrosion Test -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Design and Development of Universal Runner Cutting Machine -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Previous Work -- 3 Construction and Working of Model -- 4 Results and Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Surface Integrity and Corrosion Resistance of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Processed by Ultrasonic Rolling -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiment and Methods -- 2.1 Materials and Equipment -- 2.2 Ultrasonic Rolling Experiment Design -- 2.3 Surface Roughness and Microstructure Tests -- 2.4 Electrochemical Corrosion Test -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Surface Roughness -- 3.2 Metallographic Microstructure -- 3.3 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Wireless Interface-Based Acquisition, Analysis, and Control System Using Master-Slave Approach for Chemical Laser -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Wireless Interface-Based Acquisition, Analysis, and Control System -- 2.1 Assimilation of Acquisition, Analysis, and Control System with Flowing Laser COIL System -- 2.2 Graphical User Interface (GUI) -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- Finite Element Analysis of Isotropic & -- Functionally Graded Plate -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Analysis in Abaqus -- 3 Materials & -- Properties of the FG & -- Isotropic Plates -- 4 Research & -- Analysis -- 4.1 Analysis (Static) of FG Plate -- 4.2 Analysis (Static) of Isotropic Plate -- 4.3 Modal Analysis of the FG Plate. , 5 Validation of the Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Future Scope -- References -- Designing of an Efficient 4*4 RAM Using Binary Cell -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Binary Cell -- 3 4*4 Ram Using Binary Cell -- 4 Simulation Results -- 5 Designing SRAM Circuits Using Power Gating Methods -- 6 Comparative Study -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Mathematical Model of Kirchhoff Mesh Nanoplate Under the Action of Electrostatic and Temperature Fields -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Statement of the Problem -- 3 Numerical Experiment -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Verification of Wishbone Compliant SPI Using System Verilog -- 1 Introduction -- 2 SPI -- 3 SPI Data Transmission -- 3.1 Diferent Modes of Transmissions -- 4 Wishbone Bus Interface -- 5 System Verification -- 5.1 UVM Testbench -- 6 SPI Master & -- Slave Working -- 7 Verification Plan -- 8 Results -- 8.1 Testbench Components -- 8.2 Testbench Results -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Design and Simulation of MEMS-Based Two-Directional Capacitive Pressure Sensor -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Design Concepts -- 3 Design of Electrodes -- 4 Measurements of Displacement -- 5 Simulation Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Memristor and Its Modelling: A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Memristor Description -- 2.1 What is a Memristor? -- 2.2 Overview of the Research Areas -- 2.3 Memristor Fabrication and Modelling -- 3 Modelling of a Memristor -- 3.1 Linear Ion Drift Model -- 3.2 Nonlinear Ion Drift Model -- 3.3 Simmons Tunnel Barrier Model -- 3.4 Threshold Adaptive Memristor Model -- 3.5 Yacopcic Neuromorphic Model -- 4 Conclusıon -- References -- Performance Characteristics of Vegetable Oil and Its Blended Combinations as Alternate Liquid Insulation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Details -- 2.1 Oil Samples -- 2.2 Blended Oil Sample Preparation Process -- 2.3 Measurement of Properties. , 3 Experimental Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Properties of Oil Samples -- 3.2 Discussion on Properties of Oil Samples -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Bottom-Up Synthetic Biology Leads to Artificial Cells as Innovative Materials and Calls for the Adoption of Systemic Perspectives -- 1 Bottom-Up Synthetic Biology and the So-Called "Artificial Cells" (ACs) -- 2 ACs in a Nutshell: Q& -- A -- 3 Three Systemic Perspectives -- 3.1 The Internal Reaction Network -- 3.2 The AC/environment Supra-System -- 3.3 Complexity and AC Ranking -- 4 Concluding Remarks-Toward ACs 2.0 -- References -- Sensitivity Studies on Low Energetic Pyrotechnic Composition for Future Consumer Fireworks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Accident Analysis -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Chemicals Purchased -- 3.2 Preparation of Pyrotechnic Mixtures -- 3.3 Chemicals Mixed -- 3.4 Sensitivity Analysis -- 4 Experimental Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Impact Test -- 4.2 Friction Test -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Investigation of Desirable Vibrational Energy Harvester Based on Design Structure and Piezoelectric Material -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Design Structures and Configurations of Energy Harvesters -- 3 Types of Piezoelectric Materials -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Surface Characterization of Mn1.0Co1.9Fe0.1O4 (MCF) Spinel Coating on Metallic Interconnect Used in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Procedure -- 2.1 Materials and Methods -- 2.2 Characterization -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Texture Isotropy Analysis -- 3.2 Surface Morphology of MCF Coating -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Performance Optimization of IGZO-Based Junctionless Thin Film Transistor for Low Power Application -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Device Structure and Simulation -- 2.1 Theory -- 2.2 Results and Discussion -- 2.3 Conclusion -- References -- Author Index.

Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- A Survey of Machine Learning Techniques Applied for Automatic Traffic Light Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Major Challenges in Traffic Light Recognition -- 3 Traffic Light Recognition System -- 3.1 Dataset/Data Acquisition -- 3.2 Pre-processing -- 3.3 Localization -- 3.4 Feature Extraction Using Color and Shape -- 3.5 Verification -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- 5.1 Concluding Remarks -- 5.2 Research Gaps and Future Work -- References -- Machine Learning Based Detection and Classification of Heart Abnormalities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Proposed Algorıthm for Detectıon and Classıfıcatıon of Abnormalıty -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- An Evaluation of Multiclass Leaf Classification Using Transfer Learning Techniques -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Residual Network (ResNet152) -- 3.2 MobileNet -- 3.3 Inception V3 -- 3.4 DenseNet201 -- 4 Experimental Analysis and Result -- 4.1 Data -- 4.2 Implementation -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Scene Generated with Text Guidance (VAAB System) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Architectural Details -- 3.1 Android Application -- 3.2 Refined Novel GAN -- 4 Experimental Details -- 4.1 How to Evaluate GANs? -- 4.2 Implementation -- 4.3 Comparision with the Avant-Garde Approaches -- 5 Implementation Necessities -- 5.1 Need of POS Tagging -- 5.2 Effectiveness of Affine Combination Module -- 5.3 Effectiveness of Refined Multi-stage Architecture -- 5.4 Effectiveness of Structure Loss -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Machine Learning Approaches for Image Quality Improvement -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Noise Model for Magnetic Resonance (MR) Images -- 1.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -- 2 Literature Review. , 3 Results and Discussions -- 3.1 Performance Factors -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Natural Disaster Prediction by Using Image Based Deep Learning and Machine Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Tools and Technology for Data Collection -- 4 Proposed Predictive Model -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Novel Multi-objective Differential Evolution Algorithm for Clustering Data Streams -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Data Clustering -- 2.2 Data Stream Mining Framework -- 2.3 Traditional Versus Data Stream Clustering Methods -- 3 Proposed Method: Multi-objective Based Clustering -- 3.1 Automatic Clustering by Elitism Based Multi-objective DE -- 3.2 Objective Functions Formulation -- 3.3 Population Representation and Initialization -- 3.4 Algorithm for AC-EMODE Clustering -- 4 Experimental Results -- 4.1 Datasets Used -- 4.2 Measures of Assessment -- 5 Conclusion and Future Scope -- References -- An Algorithm for Pre-processing of Areca Nut for Quality Classification -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Image Acquisition -- 3 Image Pre-processing -- 3.1 Contrast Enhancement -- 3.2 Image Filtering -- 3.3 Image Segmentation -- 3.4 Canny Edge Detection(CED) -- 3.5 Image Cropping -- 4 Results and Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- An Effect of Binarization on Handwritten Digits Recognition by Hierarchical Neural Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Architecture of Convolutional Neural Network -- 3 Binarization of Images -- 3.1 Global Binarization -- 3.2 Local Binarization -- 3.3 Feature Extraction Method -- 3.4 Neural Network Performance -- 4 Hierarchical Neural Networks -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to Detect Abnormality in Musculoskeletal Radiographs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 2.1 Methodology Adopted -- 2.2 Dataset Details -- 2.3 Data Preprocessing -- 2.4 Models -- 2.5 Results. , 2.6 Conclusion and Scope of Improvement -- References -- Geospatial Object Detection for Scene Understanding Using Remote Sensing Images -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Machine Learning (ML) Based -- 3 Deep Learning (DL) Based -- 3.1 Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) -- 3.2 Transfer Learning -- 3.3 Domain Adaption -- 3.4 Metric Learning -- 4 Other Techniques -- 4.1 Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) -- 4.2 You Only Look Once (YOLO) -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Antıspoofing Detection System for Online Classes and Online Meeting -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 Proposed Method -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Stage I Verification -- 4.2 Stage II Verification -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Pre-processing Block Hardware Architecture in Image Processing Using Reconfigurable Platform -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Pre Processing Blocks in Image Processing -- 3 Pre Processing Block Hardware Architecture -- 4 Pre-procesing Block Memory -- 4.1 Write Mode -- 4.2 Read Mode -- 4.3 Additional User Choice -- 5 Experimental Evaluation Over Reconfigurable Platform -- 5.1 Convolution -- 5.2 Read and Write Mode Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Deep Learning Approach to Classify Road Traffic Sign Images -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Dataset Used -- 4 Methodology -- 4.1 Convolutional Neural Network Architecture -- 4.2 Data Augmentation -- 4.3 Batch Normalization -- 4.4 Dropout -- 5 Results -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Future Scope -- References -- Performance Analysis of Medical Image Denoising Techniques -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Source and Corruption of Medical Image -- 2.1 Gaussian Noise -- 2.2 Speckle Noise -- 3 Noise Reduction Techniques -- 3.1 Median Filter -- 3.2 Adaptive Median Filter -- 3.3 Mean Filter -- 3.4 Fuzzy Filter -- 3.5 Wiener Filter -- 3.6 Speckle Reduction Anisotropic Diffusion Filter -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 5 Conclusion. , 6 Future Scope -- References -- Optimal Sizing and Placement of Multiple DGs in Distribution Network to Reduce Total Loss Using Cuckoo Search Optimization -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Cuckoo Search (CS) Optımısatıon Technique -- 4 Result and Dıscussıon -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Integrating Virtual Reality with 3D Modeling for Interactive Architectural Visualization and Photorealistic Simulation: A Direction for Future Smart Construction Design Using a Game Engine -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Virtual Reality for Architecture -- 2.2 Unreal Engine for Architecture -- 3 Related Literature -- 4 Methodology -- 4.1 Phase I - Plan and Design -- 4.2 Phase II - Assets and Lighting -- 4.3 Phase III - Rendering -- 5 Results and Discussions -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- LBPX: A Novel Feature Extraction Method for Iris Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 System Description -- 3 Literature Review -- 4 Methodology -- 5 Experimental Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Multi-features Based Multi-layer Perceptron for Facial Expression Recognition System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 3.1 Multi-feature Extraction -- 3.2 Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) Classifier -- 4 Experimental Evaluation -- 4.1 Outcomes and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Reducing DFT Leakage in Speech Recognition Using Pitch Segmentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 DFT Leakage -- 2.1 Non-spectral Leakage -- 2.2 Spectral Leakage -- 3 Pitch Based Speech Segmentation -- 3.1 Short-Time Energy Waveform -- 4 Experiment -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Musical Instrument Sound Classification Using GoogleNet with SVM and kNN Model -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Feature Extraction -- 3.1 Pre-trained Convolution Neural Networks -- 3.2 GoogleNet -- 4 Classifiers -- 4.1 Support Vector Machine -- 4.2 K-Nearest Neighbor. , 5 Proposed Work -- 6 Performance Measures -- 7 Experimental Results -- 7.1 Dataset -- 7.2 MISC Using GoogleNet with SVM -- 7.3 MISC Using GoogleNet with kNN -- 8 Comparative Result Analysis -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Classification of Stages of Thyroid Nodules in Ultrasound Images Using Transfer Learning Methods -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Image Database -- 4 Methodology -- 4.1 Convolutional Neural Network -- 4.2 Transfer Learning -- 5 Results and Outcomes -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- A Monadic and Effective Frame Work for Single Human Pose Estimation of 2D Images and Videos -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Models for Human Body Pose Estimation -- 2.2 Primary Techniques for Pose Estimation -- 2.3 Single 2D Pose Estimation -- 2.4 Deep Learning Methods for Pose Estimation -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 MonadicPose Architecture -- 3.2 Algorithm for Single Pose Estimation of Image/Video -- 4 Data Sets -- 5 Experiments and Results Comparisons -- 5.1 Metrics -- 5.2 Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- A Review on Fruit Detection and Segmentation Techniques in Agricultural Field -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Motivation -- 3 Background -- 4 Concepts of Detection and Segmentation -- 4.1 Object Detection -- 4.2 Image Segmentation -- 5 Methodology Used for Fruit Detection and Segmentation -- 6 Results and Discussions -- 7 Conclusion -- 8 Challenges and Future Scope -- References -- A Survey on Anomaly Detection Strategies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of Anomaly Detection -- 3 Detailed Study of Anomaly Detection Techniques -- 3.1 Unsupervised Methods -- 3.2 Supervised Methods -- 3.3 Semi-supervised Methods -- 3.4 Others -- 4 Observations -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Biometric Authentication Based Smart Bank Locker Security System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed System -- 4 Experimental Verification. , 5 Conclusion and Future Work.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Cyber Intelligence -- DTNMA: Identifying Routing Attacks in Delay-Tolerant Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Key Challenges of Routing Attacks -- 3 Identification of Routing Attacks -- 3.1 Packet Dropping Attack -- 3.2 Black Hole Attack -- 3.3 Worm Hole Attack -- 3.4 Gray Hole Attack -- 3.5 Jelly Fish Attack -- 3.6 Tailgating Attack -- 3.7 Packet Misrouting Attack -- 3.8 Routing Information Falsification Attack -- 3.9 Acknowledgment Falsification Attack -- 3.10 Sleep Deprivation Attack -- 3.11 Identity Impersonation Attack -- 3.12 Lack of Cooperation Attack -- 3.13 Byzantine Attack -- 3.14 Flooding Attack -- 4 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Security Aspects for Mutation Testing in Mobile Applications -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Mobile Applications and Testing -- 3 Mutation Testing -- 3.1 Mutation Analysis of Android Applications -- 3.2 Crashes/Bugs in Android -- 4 Mutation Operators in Android -- 4.1 Based on Bug Taxonomy -- 4.2 Fail-On-Null -- 4.3 Orientation Lock -- 4.4 Based on APP-ELEMENTS -- 5 Mutation Test Results for Sample Program -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Classification Framework for Fraud Detection Using Hidden Markov Model -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Proposed System -- 4 Algorithms -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Review on Security Issues in Healthcare Cyber-Physical Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Why Does Privacy Stand as a Major Factor in Healthcare? -- 3 MCPS and Vulnerabilities Explained -- 4 CPS in Health Care -- 4.1 Security Requirements in Case of Sensor Networks -- 5 State of Art -- 6 Possible Cyber Measures and Breaches in Healthcare -- 7 Comparative Study -- 8 Security Advancements Proposed -- 8.1 Strong Security Policies -- 8.2 Sensor Only Network -- 8.3 Future Scope -- 9 Conclusion -- References. , Analysis of the Beaufort Cipher Expansion Technique and Its Usage in Providing Data Security in Cloud -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Cloud Computing -- 2 Beaufort Cipher -- 2.1 Beaufort Cipher Algorithm -- 2.2 Demerits of Beaufort Cipher -- 2.3 Frequency Analysis of the Extended Beaufort Cipher Algorithm -- 3 Literature Survey -- 4 Implementation and Simulation -- 4.1 Importance of Simulation in the Cloud Environment -- 4.2 CloudSim -- 4.3 Implementation -- 5 Comparison with Other Methods -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Distribution of Internet Banking Credentials Using Visual Cryptography and Watermarking Techniques -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Implementation -- 4.1 Encryption -- 4.2 Decryption -- 5 Result -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Pattern Recognition -- Virtual Keyboard Using Image Processing and Computer Vision -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Review Work -- 3 Result Analysis and Discussion -- 3.1 Masking -- 3.2 Image Feed Preprocessing -- 3.3 Threshold Binarization -- 3.4 Contour Generation -- 3.5 Finger-Pointer Detection -- 3.6 Keyboard Output and Workflow Model -- 4 Future Scope -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Facial Expression Recognition Using Convoluted Neural Network (CNN) -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 2 Problem Statement -- 3 Tools and Libraries -- 4 Result Analysis and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Next Step to the Future of Restaurants Through Artificial Intelligence and Facial Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Artificial Intelligence -- 3.1 Theory of Mind -- 3.2 Reactive Machines -- 3.3 Self Awareness -- 3.4 Limited Memory -- 4 Growth of Artificial Intelligence -- 5 Applications of Artificial Intelligence -- 5.1 Application of Artificial Intelligence in Finance -- 5.2 Application of Artificial Intelligence in Banking. , 5.3 Application of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Services -- 5.4 Application of Artificial Intelligence in Travel -- 5.5 Artificial Intelligence in Social Media -- 5.6 Security in Artificial Intelligence -- 6 Framework for Restaurant Using Artificial Intelligence and Facial Recognition -- 6.1 Tablet Device -- 6.2 Face Recognition -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Extensive Feature Analysis and Baseline Model for Stance Detection Task -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Data Preparation -- 3.2 Vector Representation -- 3.3 Language Model Based Representations -- 3.4 Propose and Implement Alternative Features -- 3.5 Analysing Key Features -- 3.6 Train-Validate Split -- 3.7 Linear and Logistic Regression Implementation -- 3.8 Model Evaluation -- 3.9 Model Tuning and Enhancement -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Importance of Features -- 4.2 Final Baseline -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Comparative Study into Stock Market Prediction Through Various Sentiment Analysis Algorithms -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Naïve Bayes Classifier -- 3.2 Logistic Regression -- 3.3 Support Vector Machine -- 3.4 k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm (k-NN) -- 4 The Proposed Model -- 4.1 Data Description -- 4.2 Sentiment Analysis Component -- 4.3 Text Pre-processing -- 4.4 Abbreviation Processing -- 5 Programming Language and Simulator -- 6 Conclusion and Future Scope -- References -- The Survey on Handwritten Mathematical Expressions Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Motivation -- 3 Overview of Mathematical Symbols and Expression -- 4 Survey on Online and Offline Handwritten Mathematical Expressions -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 13 Bangla Document Categorization Using Deep RNN Model with Attention Mechanism -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Data Collection. , 3.2 Document Classification Dataset -- 3.3 Data Preprocessing -- 3.4 Classification Model -- 4 Experimental Setup and Result Analysis -- 4.1 Result Analysis -- 4.2 Result Comparison -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Bangla Handwritten Digit Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Experimental Details -- 4.1 Data Collection -- 4.2 Dataset Preparation for Overall NumtaDB and Own Dataset -- 4.3 Dataset Preparation for Every Single Training Dataset -- 4.4 Feature Extraction and Classification Steps -- 4.5 Architecture of Model for Every Training Single Dataset -- 5 Result Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Audio Watermarking in Linear Canonical Transform Domain Using Frequency-Dependent Clustering -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work on Transform Domain Audio Watermarking -- 3 The Linear Canonical Transform: A Primer -- 3.1 Continuous Domain Transformation -- 3.2 Discrete Domain Transformation -- 4 Proposed Methodology -- 4.1 Watermark Embedding Stage -- 4.2 Watermark Detection Stage -- 5 Experimental Configuration and Simulation Parameters -- 6 Results -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Secure Cloud Services Using Quantum-Blockchain Technology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 State-Of-The-Art -- 2.1 Research Gap -- 3 Proposed Framework -- 3.1 Significance of the Proposed Approach -- 3.2 Proposed Algorithm -- 4 Experimental Setup and Result -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Information Retrieval -- Multi-label Classification: Detailed Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Multi-label Classification Techniques -- 3 Evaluation Metrics and Statistics -- 3.1 Bipartition Based Metrics -- 3.2 Ranking-Based Metrics -- 3.3 Label Based Metrics -- 4 Comparative Analysis of MLC Algorithms -- 5 Progress of Multi-Label Classification Techniques -- 6 Challenges -- 7 Conclusion -- References. , A Comparative Study on Sentiment Analysis Influencing Word Embedding Using SVM and KNN -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 Feature Extraction -- 3.3 Classifier -- 4 Result and Analysis -- 5 Comparative Study -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- ML and GIS-Based Approaches to Flood Prediction: A Comparative Study -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Hydrological Modeling -- 3 Related Work -- 3.1 Predicting Flood Susceptibility Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Network Model -- 3.2 Flood Prediction Using Support Vector Machines (SVM) -- 3.3 Artificial Neural Networks for Flood Susceptibility Mapping in Data-Scarce Urban Areas -- 3.4 Height Above the Nearest Drainage, a Hydrologically Relevant New Terrain Model -- 3.5 Flood Modeling of Mangalam River Using GIS and HEC-RAS -- 3.6 Application of ASTER DEM in Watershed Management as Flood Zonation Mapping in Koyna River of the Western Ghats -- 3.7 Terrain Analysis Enhancements to the Height Above Nearest Drainage Flood Inundation Mapping Method -- 3.8 Flood Risk Mapping Using GIS and Multi-criteria Analysis: A Greater Toronto Area Case -- 4 Analysis -- 5 The Proposed System -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Implementation of Machine Learning in Lung Cancer Prediction and Prognosis: A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Growth of Lung Cancer in Past Decade -- 3 Related Works -- 4 Comparative Analysis -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Fetching Information Through Crowdsourcing Within a Social Networking Site -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Dataset -- 4 Problem Statement -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Soil Nutrient Assessment and Crop Estimation with Machine Learning Method: A Survey -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Soil Fertility -- 3.2 Machine Learning Algorithm -- 4 Results -- 5 Discussion. , 6 Conclusion.

Note: Front Cover -- Computational Modelling of Objects Represented in Images: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications III -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Invited lectures -- Thematic sessions -- Scientific committee -- 3D modelling to support dental surgery -- Detection system from the driver's hands based on Address Event Representation (AER) -- Quantitative analysis on PCA-based statistical 3D face shape modeling -- Ordinary video events detection -- Sclera segmentation for gaze estimation and iris localization in unconstrained images -- Morphing billboards for accurate reproduction of shape and shading of articulated objects with an application to real-time hand tracking -- Independent multimodal background subtraction -- Perception and decision systems for autonomous UAV flight -- Flow measurement in open channels based in digital image processingto debris flow study -- Incorporating global information in active contour models -- Hexagonal parallel thinning algorithms based on sufficient conditions for topology preservation -- Evolving concepts using gene duplication -- FPGA implementation of OpenCV compatible background identification circuit -- Fourier optics approach in evaluation of the diffraction and defocus aberration in three-dimensional integral imaging -- Intensity and affine invariant statistic-based image matching -- Recognition of shock-wave patterns from shock-capturing solutions -- Fast orientation invariant template matching using centre-of-gravity information -- Evaluation of the Menzies method potential for automatic dermoscopic image analysis -- Application of UTHSCSA-Image ToolTM to estimate concrete texture -- Texture image segmentation with smooth gradients and local information -- Unsupervised self-organizing texture descriptor. , Automatic visual attributes extraction from web offers images -- Segmenting active regions on solar EUV images -- Automated Shape Analysis landmarks detection for medical image processing -- Bayesian depth map interpolation using edge driven Markov Random Fields -- Man-made objects delineation on high-resolution satellite images -- A hybrid approach to clouds and shadows removal in satellite images -- Wishart classification comparison between compact and quad-polarimetric SAR imagery using RADARSAT2 data -- Land cover differentiation using digital image processing of Landsat-7 ETM+ samples -- Comparing land cover maps obtained from remote sensing for deriving urban indicators -- Extraction of buildings in heterogeneous urban areas: Testing the value of increased spectral information of WorldView-2 imagery -- An energy minimization reconstruction algorithm for multivalued discrete tomography -- Functional near-infrared frontal cortex imaging for virtual reality neuro-rehabilitation assessment -- Mandibular nerve canal identification for preoperative planning in oral implantology -- Biomedical image interpolation based on multi-resolution transformations -- A spectral and radial basis function hybrid method for visualizing vascular flows -- Identification of models of brain glucose metabolism from 18F - Deoxyglucose PET images -- Dynamic lung modeling and tumor tracking using deformable image registration and geometric smoothing -- Motion and deformation estimation from medical imagery by modeling sub-structure interaction and constraints -- Automated and semi-automated procedures in the assessment of Coronary Arterial Disease by Computed Tomography -- Image-analysis tools in the study of morphofunctional features of neurons -- GPU computing for patient-specific model of pulmonary airflow. , Bone volume measurement of human femur head specimens by modeling the histograms of micro-CT images -- Stress and strain patterns in normal and osteoarthritic femur using finite element analysis -- A new index of cluster validity for medical images application -- Knowledge sharing in biomedical imaging using a grid computing approach -- Modeling anisotropic material property of cerebral aneurysms for fluid-structure interaction computational simulation -- Analysis of left ventricle echocardiographic movies by variational methods: Dedicated software for cardiac ECG and ECHO synchronizations -- A survey of echographic simulators -- Hip prostheses computational modeling: Mechanical behavior of a femoral stem associated with different constraint materials and configurations -- Histogram based threshold segmentation of the human femur body for patient specific acquired CT scan images -- A hybrid sampling strategy for Sparse Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- Two efficient primal-dual algorithms for MRI Rician denoising -- Graph based MRI analysis for evaluating the prognostic relevance of longitudinal brain atrophy estimation in post-traumatic diffuse axonal injury -- Hemispheric dominance evaluation by using fMRI activation weighted vector -- An automatic unsupervised fuzzy method for image segmentation -- Machining process simulation -- A least square estimator for spin-spin relaxation time in Magnetic Resonance imaging -- Numerical modelling of the abdominal wall using MRI. Application to hernia surgery -- A splitting algorithm for MR image reconstruction from sparse sampling -- A look inside the future perspectives of the digital cytology -- Radial Basis Functions for the interpolation of hemodynamics flow pattern: A quantitative analysis -- A software for analysing erythrocytes images under flow. , Flow patterns in aortic circulation following Mustard procedure -- A new workflow for patient specific image-based hemodynamics: Parametric study of the carotid bifurcation -- Radial Basis Functions for the image analysis of deformations -- Movement analysis based on virtual reality and 3D depth sensing camera for whole body rehabilitation -- People detection and tracking using depth camera -- Selected pre-processing methods to STIM-T projections -- Affine invariant descriptors for 3D reconstruction of small archaeological objects -- Establishment of the mechanical properties of aluminium alloy of sandwich plates with metal foam core by using an image correlation procedure -- Morphological characterisation of cellular materials by image analysis -- Computational modelling and 3D reconstruction of highly porous plastic foams' spatial structure -- Circularity analysis of nano-scale structures in porous silicon images -- Determination of geometrical properties of surfaces with grids virtually applied to digital images -- On the use of a differential method to analyze the displacement field by means of digital images -- Image processing approach in Zn-Ti-Fe kinetic phase evaluation -- Quantitative characterization of ferritic ductile iron damaging micromechanisms: Fatigue loadings -- Interpretative 3D digital models in architectural surveying of historical buildings -- Digital integrated models for the restoration and monitoring of the cultural heritage: The 3D Architectural Information System of the Church of Santa Maria del Carmine in Penne (Pescara, Italy) -- Cosmatesque pavement of Montecassino Abbey. History through geometric analysis -- Laser scanner surveys vs low-cost surveys. A methodological comparison -- From survey to representation. Operation guidelines -- Images for analyzing the architectural heritage. Life drawings of the city of Venice. , Back cover.

Note: Intro -- Additional Workshop Editors -- DLMIA 2018 Preface -- ML-CDS 2018 Preface -- Organization -- Contents -- 4th International Workshop on Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis, DLMIA 2018 -- UNet++: A Nested U-Net Architecture for Medical Image Segmentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Network Architecture: UNet++ -- 3.1 Re-designed Skip Pathways -- 3.2 Deep Supervision -- 4 Experiments -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Deep Semi-supervised Segmentation with Weight-Averaged Consistency Targets -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Semi-supervised Segmentation Using Mean Teacher -- 2.1 Segmentation Data Augmentation -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 MRI Spinal Cord Gray Matter Segmentation -- 4 Related Work -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Handling Missing Annotations for Semantic Segmentation with Deep ConvNets -- 1 Introduction -- 2 SMILE Model -- 2.1 Handling Missing Annotations -- 2.2 Incremental Self-supervision and Relabeling -- 3 Experiments and Results -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- A Unified Framework Integrating Recurrent Fully-Convolutional Networks and Optical Flow for Segmentation of the Left Ventricle in Echocardiography Data -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Method -- 2.1 Dataset Information and Clinical Background -- 2.2 Network Architecture -- 3 Experiments -- 4 Conclusion and Discussion -- References -- Multi-scale Residual Network with Two Channels of Raw CT Image and Its Differential Excitation Component for Emphysema Classification -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Differential Excitation Component -- 2.2 MS-ResNet with Raw and Excitation Channels -- 3 Experimental Results -- 3.1 Materials -- 3.2 Evaluation of Classification Accuracy -- 3.3 Emphysema Quantification -- 4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References. , TreeNet: Multi-loss Deep Learning Network to Predict Branch Direction for Extracting 3D Anatomical Trees -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Evaluation -- 4 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- 3D Deep Affine-Invariant Shape Learning for Brain MR Image Segmentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Medical Image Segmentation -- 2.2 The Utilization of Shape Information in Segmentation -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Overview -- 3.2 Shape-Learning Network -- 3.3 Shape-Guided Segmentation Network -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Experimental Setup -- 4.2 Training the Shape-Learning Network -- 4.3 Training the Segmentation Network -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Automatic Detection of Patients with a High Risk of Systolic Cardiac Failure in Echocardiography -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Material -- 3 Methods -- 4 Results -- 5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- MTMR-Net: Multi-task Deep Learning with Margin Ranking Loss for Lung Nodule Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Multi-task Learning for Lung Nodule Analysis -- 2.2 Margin Ranking Loss for Discriminating Marginal Nodules -- 2.3 Joint Training of MTMR-Net -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Dataset and Preprocessing -- 3.2 Results and Evaluation Comparison -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Active Deep Learning with Fisher Information for Patch-Wise Semantic Segmentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 FI-Based AL -- 2.2 Diversified FI-Based AL -- 3 Experimental Results -- 3.1 Active Semi-automatic Segmentation -- 3.2 Universal Active Learning -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Contextual Additive Networks to Efficiently Boost 3D Image Segmentations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Contextual Additive Networks -- 2.2 Why an Additive Network is Beneficial -- 2.3 3D Fully Convolution Networks -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Dataset and Preprocessing -- 3.2 Implementation Details. , 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Unsupervised Probabilistic Deformation Modeling for Robust Diffeomorphic Registration -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Experiments -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Rapid Training Data Generation for Tissue Segmentation Using Global Approximate Block-Matching with Self-organizing Maps -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 The ``Global Approximate Block Matching'' Method -- 2.2 Singular Value Calculation -- 2.3 Expectation Maximization -- 2.4 Atlas and Performance Metric -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Focal Dice Loss and Image Dilation for Brain Tumor Segmentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Focal Dice Loss for Highly Unbalanced Data -- 2.2 Dilation for Coarse-to-Fine Learning -- 3 Evaluation -- 3.1 Results on the Focal Dice Loss -- 3.2 Results on Dilation -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Deep Particle Tracker: Automatic Tracking of Particles in Fluorescence Microscopy Images Using Deep Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Network Architecture -- 2.2 Training -- 3 Experimental Results -- 3.1 Particle Tracking Challenge Data -- 3.2 Real Fluorescence Microscopy Images of Virus Structures -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- 3D Convolutional Neural Networks for Classification of Functional Connectomes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Proposed 3D CNN Approach -- 2.2 Baseline Methods -- 2.3 Experiments -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Visualization of CNN Model -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Segmentation of Head and Neck Organs-At-Risk in Longitudinal CT Scans Combining Deformable Registrations and Convolutional Neural Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Available Data and Preprocessing -- 2.2 Deformable Image Registration -- 2.3 Neural Network Architecture -- 2.4 Neural Network Training -- 2.5 Postprocessing. , 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Unpaired Deep Cross-Modality Synthesis with Fast Training -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Loss Design -- 2.2 Architecture of the Generator/Discriminator -- 3 Experimental Results -- 3.1 Datasets and Tasks -- 3.2 Implementation Details -- 3.3 Quantitative and Visual Comparisons -- 4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- UOLO - Automatic Object Detection and Segmentation in Biomedical Images -- 1 Introduction -- 2 UOLO Framework -- 2.1 Object Segmentation Module -- 2.2 Object Detection Module -- 2.3 UOLO for Joint Object Detection and Segmentation -- 3 Experiments and Results -- 3.1 Datasets and Experimental Details -- 3.2 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Unpaired Brain MR-to-CT Synthesis Using a Structure-Constrained CycleGAN -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Adversarial Loss -- 2.2 Cycle-Consistency Loss -- 2.3 Structure-Consistency Loss -- 2.4 Training Loss -- 2.5 Network Structure -- 2.6 Position-Based Selection Strategy -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Data Set -- 3.2 Experimental Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Active Learning for Segmentation by Optimizing Content Information for Maximal Entropy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Estimating Surrogate Metrics for Representativeness -- 3 Sample Selection Strategy -- 4 Experiments and Results -- 5 Discussions and Conclusions -- References -- Weakly Supervised Localisation for Fetal Ultrasound Images -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data -- 3 Methods -- 4 Experiments and Results -- 5 Discussions -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- PIMMS: Permutation Invariant Multi-modal Segmentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Experiments and Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References. , Unsupervised Feature Learning for Outlier Detection with Stacked Convolutional Autoencoders, Siamese Networks and Wasserstein Autoencoders: Application to Epilepsy Detection -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Unsupervised Feature Extraction with Autoencoders -- 2.2 Voxel-Level Outlier Detection with Oc-SVM Classifiers -- 3 Experiments and Results -- 3.1 Dataset Description and Pre-processing -- 3.2 Feature Extraction with sCAE, rSN and WAE -- 3.3 oc-SVM Classifier Design -- 3.4 Results and Discussion -- References -- Semi-automated Extraction of Crohns Disease MR Imaging Markers Using a 3D Residual CNN with Distance Prior -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Efficient Semi-automated Software for Generating Labeled Training Data for Pediatric Crohn's Disease -- 2.2 Segmentation of the Bowel Lumen and Wall Using a 3D Residual CNN with Distance Prior -- 3 Experiments and Results -- 4 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Learning Optimal Deep Projection of 18F-FDG PET Imaging for Early Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Data Preparation and Preprocessing -- 2.2 DPNN Architecture -- 2.3 Training Procedure -- 3 Experiments and Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Learning to Segment Medical Images with Scribble-Supervision Alone -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Generation of Seed Areas by Region Growing -- 2.2 Separate CRF and Network Training -- 2.3 Integrated Network Training and (CRF-RNN) -- 2.4 Quantifying Segmentation Uncertainty -- 3 Experiments and Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Learning to Decode 7T-Like MR Image Reconstruction from 3T MR Images -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Approach -- 2.1 One Encoder with Multiple Decoders -- 2.2 Updating the Weights -- 2.3 Merge Connections -- 2.4 Proposed Architecture -- 3 Experimental Results. , 3.1 Experimental Setup.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Brain-Inspired Spatiotemporal Feature Extraction Using Convolutional Legendre Memory Unit -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Neuromorphic Computing -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Proposed Convolutional LMU Model -- 4 Synthetic Dataset and Evaluation Measures -- 5 Results and Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Underwater Image Enhancement Using Image Processing -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Problem Statement -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Architecture -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Fake News Detection on Indian Sources -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Proposed Solution -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 Data Cleaning -- 3.3 Data Analysis -- 3.4 Text Preprocessing and Text Transformation -- 3.5 Model -- 3.6 Testing -- 4 Results -- 5 Use Cases -- 6 Future Works -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Exploring Self-supervised Capsule Networks for Improved Classification with Data Scarcity -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Functionality of Capsule Networks -- 2.2 Self-supervision and Capsule Networks -- 2.3 Pretrained Capsule Networks -- 3 Methods -- 3.1 Data Set -- 3.2 Capsule Network Model -- 3.3 Self-supervision -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Data Scarcity -- 4.2 Learning Behaviour of the Self-supervised CapsNet -- 4.3 Data Scarcity and Imbalance -- 4.4 Correlation of Pretext and Downstream Accuracy -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Novel Architecture for Improving Tuberculosis Detection from Microscopic Sputum Smear Images -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Preprocessing -- 3.2 Mask Generation Using SegZNet Architecture -- 3.3 Data Augmentation -- 3.4 UNet Segmentation -- 4 Result and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- TapasQA - Question Answering on Statistical Plots Using Google TAPAS -- 1 Purpose -- 2 Previous Work -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 Pipeline. , 4 Major Research Findings -- 4.1 Questions Handled by Our Model -- 4.2 Training Details -- 4.3 Evaluation Metric -- 5 Result Implications -- 5.1 Plot Element Detection Stage -- 5.2 Table Question Answering (QA) Stage -- 6 End-To-End Example -- 7 Value and Limitations -- 8 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Face Sketch-Photo Synthesis and Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Research Gap -- 4 Data -- 4.1 CUFS Dataset -- 4.2 CelebA Dataset -- 4.3 ORL Dataset -- 5 Tools and Experimental Settings -- 6 Proposed Methodology -- 6.1 Face-Sketch Synthesis -- 6.2 Face-Photo Synthesis -- 6.3 Facial Recognition -- 7 Results -- 7.1 Face-Sketch Synthesis -- 7.2 Face-Photo Synthesis -- 7.3 Facial Recognition -- 8 Evaluation -- 8.1 Face-Sketch Synthesis -- 8.2 Face-Photo Synthesis -- 8.3 Facial Recognition -- 9 Conclusion -- 10 Future Work -- References -- Toward Robust Image Pre-processing Steps for Vehicle Plate Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Proposed Deskew Approach -- 3 Performance Evaluation -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Multi-focus Image Fusion Using Morphological Toggle-Gradient and Guided Filter -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 2.1 Toggle Contrast Operator -- 2.2 Spatial Frequency -- 2.3 Guided Filter -- 3 Proposed Method -- 3.1 Morphological Toggle-Gradient Based Focus Measure -- 3.2 Composite Focusing Criterion (CFC) and Initial Decision Map -- 3.3 Final Decision Map and Fusion -- 4 Experimental Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Execution Setup -- 4.2 Subjective Evaluation -- 4.3 Fusion on Synthetic Source Pairs -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Security Enhancement of Fog Nodes in IoT Networks Using the IBF Scheme -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 IBE Based Fog Computing -- 3.1 Identity Based Encryption Using BF Scheme -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References. , Automatic Recognition of Plant Leaf Diseases Using Deep Learning (Multilayer CNN) and Image Processing -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 3.1 Flowchart of the Methodology -- 3.2 Training the Model -- 4 Result and Discussion -- 4.1 Statistical Analysis -- 4.2 Accuracy Graph -- 4.3 Confusion Matrix -- 4.4 Comparison of Result with Other Models -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Comparative Analysis of Feature and Intensity Based Image Registration Algorithms in Variable Agricultural Scenarios -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Overview of Feature-Based Image Registration Algorithms -- 2.2 Overview of Intensity-Based Image Registration Algorithms -- 3 Experiments and Results -- 3.1 Experimental Setup -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion and Future Scope -- 6 Supplementary Material -- References -- Non-invasive Diagnosis of Diabetes Using Chaotic Features and Genetic Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Extraction of Chaotic Geometry Features -- 3.2 Genetic Learning -- 4 Experimental Evaluation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Analytic for Cricket Match Winner Prediction Through Major Events Quantification -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Modeling Instantaneous Strength -- 3.2 Modeling Real Time Efficency (RTE) -- 3.3 Parameter Modeling (BSP) -- 3.4 Parameter Modeling (EBS) -- 4 Experimental Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- An Investigation of COVID-19 Diagnosis and Severity Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Convolutional Neural Networks - An Overview -- 3 Literature Survey -- 4 Numerical Comparison Analysis and Discussions -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- An Efficient Key Frame Extraction from Surveillance Videos for Real-World Anomaly Detection -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works. , 3 Proposed Work -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- The XGBoost Model for Network Intrusion Detection Boosted by Enhanced Sine Cosine Algorithm -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries and Related Work -- 2.1 XGBoost Model -- 2.2 Swarm Intelligence -- 3 Proposed Method -- 3.1 The Original Sine-Cosine Algorithm (SCA) -- 3.2 The Enhanced Sine-Cosine Algorithm (ESCA) -- 3.3 Proposed eSCA-XGBoost Model -- 4 Experiments and Comparative Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Developing a Tool to Classify Lethal Weapons by Analyzing Images -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 System Architecture and Design -- 3.1 Dataset Description -- 3.2 Data Preprocessing -- 3.3 VGG16 Model Implementation -- 3.4 Customized Model Implementation -- 4 Implementation and Experimental Result -- 4.1 Experimental Setup -- 4.2 Implementation -- 4.3 Performance Evaluation -- 4.4 Comparison with Other Existing Frameworks -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Selfie2Business - An Application to Identify Objects and Recommend Relevant Service Providers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Dataset -- 3.1 Data Pre-processing -- 4 Methodology -- 4.1 Selfie Detector -- 4.2 Object Detector -- 4.3 Search Query Listing -- 5 Results -- 5.1 Selfie Detection -- 5.2 Object Detection -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Conclusions and Future Work -- References -- A Systematic and Novel Ensemble Construction Method for Handling Data Stream Challenges -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Methods for Producing Data Streams -- 1.2 Major Issues Related to Data Streams Handling -- 1.3 Types of Data Drifts -- 2 Methods to Handle Data Stream Issues -- 2.1 Preprosessing of Data Stream -- 2.2 Dealing with Data Drifts: Drift Handling Methods -- 2.3 Ensemble Designed -- 3 Proposed Method -- 4 Result Analysis -- 4.1 Experimental Setup -- 4.2 Results Discussion -- 5 Conclusion and Future Research Work. , References -- Survey on Various Performance Metrices for Lightweight Encryption Algorithms -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Performance Metrices for Lightweight Encryption Algorithms -- 3.1 Hardware Performance Metrices -- 3.2 Software Performance Metrices -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- A Hybrid Approach to Facial Recognition for Online Shopping Using PCA and Haar Cascade -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Implementation -- 4.1 Admin -- 4.2 User -- 4.3 Cart -- 4.4 Input Design -- 4.5 Output Design -- 5 Experimental Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Analysis of IoT Cloud Security Computerization Technology Based on Artificial Intelligence -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Mobile Robot Path Planning Method -- 2.1 Global Strategy for Path Planning -- 2.2 Artificial Intelligence Robot's Environments -- 3 IoT-Based Systems Security Model -- 4 A Machine Learning-Based Survey on IoT Security -- 5 IoT-Cloud Security Issues -- 6 Challenges in the IoT Cloud -- 7 IoT, AI, and Software Intelligence in the Smart Home -- 8 IoT, AI, and Software Intelligence in the Smart Home -- 9 Network Protection -- 10 Network Security Stored Difficulty in Understanding Investigation System Software Installation Core Tech -- 10.1 Software Development -- 10.2 Hardware Development -- 11 Conclusion -- References -- Artificial Intelligence Based Real Time Packet Analysing to Detect DOS Attacks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Implementation -- 3.1 Experimental Setup -- 3.2 Data Pre-processing -- 3.3 Dataset -- 3.4 Feature Extraction -- 3.5 Model Creation, Training and Testing -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Decision Trees and Gender Stereotypes in University Academic Desertion -- 1 Introduction -- 2 State of the Art -- 2.1 Gender Stereotype -- 2.2 Regarding Desertion -- 2.3 Predictive Models. , 3 Methodology.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Molecular Docking Analysis of Selected Phytochemicals for the Treatment of Proteus Syndrome -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods and Materials -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion and Future Prospects -- References -- A Deep Learning-Based Detection of Wrinkles on Skin -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 3.1 Computer Vision -- 3.2 Convolution Neural Network (CNN) -- 3.3 Hough Trnaformer -- 4 Experimental Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Image Transmission Using Leach and Security Using RSA in Wireless Sensor Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Leach with RSA: Proposed Scheme -- 4 Simulation Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Code Injection Prevention in Content Management Systems Using Machine Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background and Related Work -- 3 Our Work -- 3.1 Data Gathering -- 3.2 Data Analysis and Feature Extraction -- 3.3 Dataset -- 3.4 Feature Selection -- 3.5 Machine Learning Using Logistic Regression Algorithm -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Model Interpretation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Review of Hyperspectral Image Classification with Various Segmentation Approaches Based on Labelled Samples -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Organization of the Paper -- 2 Datasets and Metrics Used for Hyperspectral Image Classification -- 3 Literature Survey -- 3.1 Machine Learning Techniques -- 3.2 Neural Network Techniques -- 3.3 Analysis Dependent on Various Parameters -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Future Technologies -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Improvements in User Targeted Offline Advertising Using CNN and Deviation-Based Queue Scheduling -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Overview -- 3.2 Convolutional Neural Network -- 3.3 Deviation-Based Queue Generation -- 4 Results and Discussion. , 5 Performance Comparison -- 5.1 Overlapping Target Audience Problem -- 5.2 Comparison of TARP 2.0 with Random Display and Display Using TARP -- 5.3 Delay Time Comparison of TARP 2.0 with TARP -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Movie Recommendation System Using Hybrid Collaborative Filtering Model -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Literature Survey -- 2 Need and Applicability -- 2.1 Need -- 2.2 Applicability -- 3 Proposed Approach -- 3.1 Dataset Preparation -- 3.2 Dataset Description -- 3.3 Modeling -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Hybrid Pipeline Infinity Laplacian Plus Convolutional Stage Applied to Depth Completion -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Related Works -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Used Metric -- 2.2 Proposed Metric -- 3 Practical Model Implementation -- 3.1 Convolutional Stage -- 3.2 Convolutional Stage for the Completed Depth Map -- 4 Parameters Estimation -- 4.1 Learning Curve for the Complete Pipeline -- 4.2 Learning Curve for Median-Pipeline -- 4.3 Learning Curve Convolutional Stage-Median-Pipeline Simplified Metric -- 4.4 Learning Curve SC1-Median-Pipeline with Simple Metric -- 5 Experiments and Dataset -- 5.1 Dataset -- 5.2 Experiments -- 6 Results -- 7 Discussion -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- A Novel Approach of DEMOO with SLA Algorithm to Predict Protein Interactions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Feature Extraction -- 2.2 Label Propagation Algorithm -- 2.3 Incremental Depth Extension (INDEX) Approach -- 2.4 Formation of a PPI Network -- 2.5 Neighborhood Topology with Protein Interaction Prediction -- 2.6 Functional Characteristics of Protein Interaction Prediction -- 2.7 Predicting PPIs Using ASA -- 2.8 Differential Evolution Algorithm for Multi-objective Optimization -- 2.9 Stochastic Learning Automata (SLA) -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Performance Measures. , 3.2 Performance Comparison of Existing and Proposed Methods for DIP and SCOP Datasets -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Economic Load Dispatch Problem with Valve-Point Loading Effect Using DNLP Optimization Using GAMS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Economic Load Dispatch Mathematical Model -- 2.1 Constraints -- 2.2 Procedure -- 2.3 Contributions of Proposed Method -- 3 Results -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Solar Radio Spectrum Classification Based on ConvLSTM -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Solar Radio Spectrum Dataset -- 2.1 The Introduction of SBRS Dataset -- 2.2 Dataset Extension -- 3 Pre-processing of Solar Radio Spectrums -- 3.1 Channel Normalization -- 3.2 Down-Sampling -- 4 Solar Radio Spectrum Classification Model Based on ConvLSTM -- 5 Experiment Results and Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Neural Network for Wireless Heterogeneous Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Proposed Work -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Impact Analysis of COVID-19 on Various Indian Sectors -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 4 Dataset -- 5 Screen time Analysis -- 5.1 Hypothesis Testing -- 6 Industrial Analysis -- 6.1 Information Technology -- 6.2 Fast-moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) -- 6.3 Hospitality -- 6.4 Aviation -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Emotion Recognition in Speech Using MFCC and Classifiers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Lıterature Revıew -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Emotions -- 3.2 Data -- 3.3 Dataset -- 3.4 Feature Extraction -- 3.5 Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficient -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Comparative Analysis on Image Caption Generator Using Deep Learning Architecture-ResNet and VGG16 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Comparison of Image Generator Using ResNet-50 and VGG16 -- 3.1 Image Preprocessing -- 3.2 Image Feature Extraction. , 4 Text Feature Understanding Using LSTM -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Corona Warrior Smart Band -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Block Diagram and Working Principle -- 4 Implementation Platform -- 5 Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Cellular Learning Automata: Review and Future Trend -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Cellular Automata (CA) -- 3 Learning Automata (LA) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) -- 4 Cellular Learning Automata (CLA) -- 5 Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSAN) -- 6 Future Trends -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Computer Vision and Machine Learning-Based Techniques for Detecting the Safety Violations of COVID-19 Scenarios: A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Survey on Face Mask Detection -- 2.2 Survey on Social Distancing Detection -- 2.3 Survey on People Count Detection -- 2.4 Comparison Table of Literature Review -- 3 Outcome of Literature Review -- 4 Datasets -- 5 Challenges and Future Perspectives -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Stigmergy-Based Collision-Avoidance Algorithm for Self-Organising Swarms -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Multi-agent Collision Avoidance Based on Stigmergy -- 3 Numerical Experiments -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Handling Security Issues in Software-defined Networks (SDNs) Using Machine Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Need of SDN -- 3 SDN and NFV -- 4 Security Issues in SDN -- 4.1 Hardware Security Issues -- 4.2 Security Threats at Software Level -- 5 Early Approaches for Securing SDN -- 5.1 Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) for SDN -- 5.2 Intrusion Tolerant System (ITS) for SDN -- 5.3 Stateful Firewall for SDN -- 5.4 Framework for DDOS Detection and Prevention -- 6 Securing SDN with Machine Learning -- 6.1 Supervised ML for SDN -- 6.2 Unsupervised ML Algorithm for SDN -- 6.3 Semi-supervised Learning Approaches for SDN. , 6.4 Machine Learning-based NIDS for SDN -- 7 Issues in Existing ML-based SDN -- 8 Conclusion -- 9 Future Scope -- References -- Multi-purpose Web Application Honeypot to Detect Multiple Types of Attacks and Expose the Attacker's Identity -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methods Used -- 3.1 Honeypot -- 3.2 GUI -- 3.3 Controller -- 3.4 Models -- 3.5 Sequence of Events -- 4 Proposed System -- 4.1 System Working -- 4.2 Overcoming Brute Force Script Attack -- 4.3 Overcoming Static Resource Attack -- 4.4 Overcoming Web Scraping Script (WSS) Attack -- 4.5 Overcoming GET/POST Request -- 4.6 Advantages of the Proposed Method -- 5 Experimental Results -- 6 Conclusion and Future Scope -- References -- An Empirical Approach for Tuning an Autonomous Mobile Robot in Gazebo -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Related Theory -- 3.1 Sensors -- 3.2 Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) -- 3.3 Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) -- 3.4 Adaptive Monte Carlo Localization (AMCL) -- 3.5 Navigation -- 4 Methodology -- 4.1 Costmap Parameters -- 4.2 Planner Parameters -- 5 Experimentation Result -- 6 Result Analysis -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- An Investigation on Computational Intelligent Solutions for Highly Dynamic Wireless Sensor Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Computational Intelligent Paradigms -- 2.1 Fuzzy Logic (FL) -- 2.2 Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) -- 2.3 Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) -- 2.4 Swarm Intelligence (SI) -- 3 WSN Challenges -- 4 Related Work -- 4.1 CI Approaches for Energy Management -- 4.2 Heuristic Solutions for Packet Routing -- 4.3 Traffic Management with Channel Dynamics Using CI Methods -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Study of Underwater Image Pre-processing and Techniques -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Types of Image Pre-processing -- 3.1 Color Conversion -- 4 Binarization -- 5 Filtering -- 6 Resizing. , 7 Techniques of Underwater Image Processing.