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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation of H + extrusion from K+ uptake by means of lipophilic cations (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 2 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dissociation of active H+ extrusion (−ΔH+) from K+ uptake in pea and maize root segments was attempted by substituting K+ in the incubation medium with lipophilic cations assumed to enter the cell by passive, non-specific, permeation through the lipid component of the plasmalemma. Among the compounds tested, tributylbenzylammonium significantly stimulated −ΔH+ in the absence of other monovalent cations in the medium. This effect was much more evident when the experiment was carried out in the presence of fusicoccin, which strongly stimulates proton extrusion and monovalent cation uptake, and hyperpolarizes the trans-membrane electric potential in these materials. Also the lipophilic cations tetraphenylphosphonium, dimethyldibenzylammonium and hexylguanidine markedly stimulated FC-promoted −ΔH+. Octylguanidine at a low concentration induced an early stimulation followed by a strong inhibition of −ΔH+. A complete lack of additivity was observed between the effects of lipophilic cations and that of K+ on H+ extrusion. Lipophilic cations severely inhibited K+ uptake.These data are interpreted as supporting the view of an electric, rather than a chemical, (namely, involving the same carrier system) nature of the coupling of active H+ extrusion with K+ influx.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1979.tb00772.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipophilic properties of some quaternary ammonium ions and dissociation of -Δ H^+ from K^+ uptake: A tentative correlation
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science Letters 17 (1980), S. 467-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4211
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4211(80)90134-0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root apical meristems of arbuscular mycorrhizae of Allium porrum L.
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental and Experimental Botany 34 (1994), S. 181-187,189-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-8472
    Keywords: Allium porrum ; ^3H-thymidine ; ^3H-uridine ; arbuscular mycorrhizae ; quiescent centre ; root apex
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-8472(94)90037-X
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between the soilborne root pathogenPhytophthora nicotianae var.parasitica and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungusGlomus mosseae in tomato plants (1996)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 185 (1996), S. 199-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhiza ; biological control ; Phytophthora nicotianae var.parasitica ; P nutrition ; root morphology ; tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In order to study the influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) on the development of root rot infection, tomato plants were raised with or withoutGlomus mosseae and/orPhytophthora nicotianae var.parasitica in a sand culture system. All plants were fed with a nutrient solution containing one of two phosphorus (P) levels, 32µM (I P) or 96µM (II P), to test the consequence of enhanced P nutrition by the AM fungus on disease dynamics. Mycorrhizal plants had a similar development to that of control plants. Treatment withPhytophthora nicotianae var.parasitica resulted in a visible reduction in plant weight and in a widespread root necrosis in plants without mycorrhiza. The presence of the AM fungus decreased both weight reduction and root necrosis. The percentage reduction of adventitious root necrosis and of necrotic root apices ranged between 63 and 89% The enhancement of P nutrition increased plant development, but did not appreciably decrease disease spread. In our system, mycorrhiza increased plant resistance toP. nicotianae var.parasitica infection. Although a contribution of P nutrition by mycorrhiza cannot be excluded, other mechanisms appear to play a crucial role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257525
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IAA and ZR content in leek (Allium porrum L.), as influenced by P nutrition and arbuscular mycorrhizae, in relation to plant development (2000)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 226 (2000), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizae ; hormone balance ; leek ; P nutrition ; root morphogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Leek plants (Allium porrum L.), infected or not with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, Glomus mosseae, were grown in a sand-hydroponic system, fed with a nutrient solution containing 3.2 or 96 μM P and analyzed for root IAA and ZR content, to assess the role played by the fungus and P nutrition on host hormonal balance. IAA was analyzed by HPLC-fluorimetry, ZR by HPLC-UV coupled with a bioassay based on the expression of a phytohormone-regulated GUS reporter gene. Shoot and root weights and shoot FW-DW ratio enhancements, as well as root-to-shoot DW ratio decrement in mycorrhizal plants, were related to P nutrition. Shoot P concentration was increased by mycorrhizae at both P levels, but was comparable in AM plants grown at 3.2 μM P and non mycorrhizal (NM) plants at 96 μM P. Mycorrhizae and P increased IAA at substantially similar values, while P increased ZR much more than mycorrhizae did. These results are discussed in relation to root architecture modifications induced by the AM fungus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026430019738
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mitotic cycle in root apical meristems ofAllium porrum L. is controlled by the endomycorrhizal fungusGlomus sp. strain E3 (1991)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 161 (1991), S. 12-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Allium porrum ; VA mycorrhizas ; Root apical meristems ; Mitotic cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mitotic cycle in root apical meristems of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants ofAllium porrum L.+Glomus sp., strain E3, has been examined by3H-TdR labelling. Significant slowing down of the mitotic cycle in the mycorrhizas through an extension of G1, S and metaphase was observed, while G2 was drastically reduced. Lengthening of the cycle was proportional to increasing infection. The ways in which the fungus could influence cell division are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01328892
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root apical meristems ofAllium porrum L. as affected by arbuscular mycorrhizae and phosphorus (2000)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 214 (2000), S. 219-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Allium porrum ; Arbuscular mycorrhiza ; Mitotic cycle ; Phosphorus ; Root apex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi significantly improve plant growth in soils with low phosphorus availability and cause many changes in root morphology, similar to those produced by increased P nutrition, mainly depending on root apex size and activity. The aim of this work was to discriminate between the morphogenetic role of AM fungi and P in leek (Allium porrum L.) by feeding mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants with two nutrient solutions containing 3.2 or 96 μM P and examining specific parameters related to adventitious root apices (apex size, mitotic cycle, and RNA synthesis). The results showed that AM fungi blocked meristem activity as indicated by the higher percentages of inactive apices and metaphases in the apical meristem of mycorrhizal plants, whereas the high P supply lengthened the mitotic cycle without blocking the apices, resulting in steady, slow root growth. The possible involvement of abscisic acid in the regulation of root apex activity is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279066
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatin structure variation in successful and unsuccessful arbuscular mycorrhizas of pea (1993)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 175 (1993), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Chromatin structure ; DAPI ; DNase I ; Flow cytometry ; Pea arbuscular mycorrhizas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Lincoln and Frisson varieties of endomycorrhiza-forming pea plants and isogenic mycorrhiza-resistant Frisson mutant (P2) plants were inoculated withGlomus mosseae. Nuclei released from inoculated and non-inoculated (control) roots were analysed for chromatin structure and activity using flow cytometric techniques. Chromatin accessibility to the specific DNA fluorochrome DAPI at saturating and non-saturating concentrations was measured. DNA fluorescence of nuclei of mycorrhizal Lincoln and wild genotype Frisson plants was significantly increased, compared to the controls, at saturating and, more strongly, at non-saturating DAPI concentrations. In contrast, the nuclei of inoculated P2 mutant roots showed a much lower increase in fluorescence, compared to uninoculated controls. Nuclei released from mycorrhiza-infected Lincoln roots were more sensitive to DNase I than those of uninfected ones. These results indicate a dramatic increase in that portion of the genome which can be transcribed in response to AM infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403279
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  • 9
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    Cumulin, a Novel Ovarian Growth Factor [Protein Structure and Folding] (2015)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-26
    Description: Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are oocyte-specific growth factors with central roles in mammalian reproduction, regulating species-specific fecundity, ovarian follicular somatic cell differentiation, and oocyte quality. In the human, GDF9 is produced in a latent form, the mechanism of activation being an open question. Here, we produced a range of recombinant GDF9 and BMP15 variants, examined their in silico and physical interactions and their effects on ovarian granulosa cells (GC) and oocytes. We found that the potent synergistic actions of GDF9 and BMP15 on GC can be attributed to the formation of a heterodimer, which we have termed cumulin. Structural modeling of cumulin revealed a dimerization interface identical to homodimeric GDF9 and BMP15, indicating likely formation of a stable complex. This was confirmed by generation of recombinant heterodimeric complexes of pro/mature domains (pro-cumulin) and covalent mature domains (cumulin). Both pro-cumulin and cumulin exhibited highly potent bioactivity on GC, activating both SMAD2/3 and SMAD1/5/8 signaling pathways and promoting proliferation and expression of a set of genes associated with oocyte-regulated GC differentiation. Cumulin was more potent than pro-cumulin, pro-GDF9, pro-BMP15, or the two combined on GC. However, on cumulus-oocyte complexes, pro-cumulin was more effective than all other growth factors at notably improving oocyte quality as assessed by subsequent day 7 embryo development. Our results support a model of activation for human GDF9 dependent on cumulin formation through heterodimerization with BMP15. Oocyte-secreted cumulin is likely to be a central regulator of fertility in mono-ovular mammals.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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  • 10
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    Giant and reversible enhancement of the electrical resistance of GaAs_{1−x}N_{x} by hydrogen irradiation (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-01
    Description: Author(s): J. Alvarez, J.-P. Kleider, R. Trotta, A. Polimeni, M. Capizzi, F. Martelli, L. Mariucci, and S. Rubini The electrical properties of untreated and hydrogen-irradiated GaAs 1− x N x are investigated by conductive-probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM). After hydrogen irradiation, the resistance R of GaAs 1− x N x increases by more than three orders of magnitude while that of a N-free GaAs reference slightly de... [Phys. Rev. B 84, 085331] Published Wed Aug 31, 2011
    Keywords: Semiconductors II: surfaces, interfaces, microstructures, and related topics
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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