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  • 1
    Keywords: Orogeny -- Congresses. ; Geology, Structural -- Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (311 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783764399504
    Series Statement: Swiss Journal of Geosciences Supplement Series ; v.3
    DDC: 551.82
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- CONTENTS -- Orogenic processes in the Alpine collision zone -- Foreland and Hinterland basins: what controls their evolution? -- Provenance of the Bosnian Flysch -- Late Jurassic tectonics and sedimentation: breccias in the Unken syncline, central Northern Calcareous Alps -- The Pfitsch-Mörchner Basin, an example of the post-Variscan sedimentary evolution in the Tauern Window (Eastern Alps) -- Multistage shortening in the Dauphiné zone (French Alps): the record of Alpine collision and implications for pre-Alpine restoration -- The metamorphic evolution of migmatites from the Ötztal Complex (Tyrol, Austria) and constraints on the timing of the pre-Variscan high-T event in the Eastern Alps -- From subduction to collision: thermal overprint of HP/LT metasediments in the north-eastern Lepontine Dome (Swiss Alps) and consequences regarding the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Alpine orogenic wedge -- Tertiary tectono-metamorphic evolution of the European margin during Alpine collison: example of the Leventina Nappe (Central Alps, Switzerland) -- Vol -- Lu-Hf garnet geochronology of eclogites from the Balma Unit (Pennine Alps): implications for Alpine paleotectonic reconstructions -- Tracing the exhumation of the Eclogite Zone (Tauern Window, Eastern Alps) by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of white mica in eclogites -- Mapping of the post-collisional cooling history of the Eastern Alps -- Apatite fission track and (U-Th)/He thermochronology of the Rochovce granite (Slovakia) - implications for the thermal evolution of the Western Carpathian-Pannonian region -- Fault slip analysis in the Koralm Massif (Eastern Alps) and consequences for the final uplift of "cold spots" in Miocene times -- Miocene emplacement and rapid cooling of the Pohorje pluton at the Alpine-Pannonian-Dinaridic junction, Slovenia. , A map-view restoration of the Alpine-Carpathian-Dinaridic system for the Early Miocene -- The Rila-Pastra Normal Fault and multi-stage extensional unroofing in the Rila Mountains (SW Bulgaria).
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Nappe refolding, back-thrusting and normal faulting frequently cause severe late-stage overprinting of the architecture of an orogen. A combined investigation of nappe stack polarity, kinematics of shearing and metamorphic gradients in the Western Alps develops criteria for distinguishing between these three modes of late-stage deformation. This distinction is a prerequisite for any retro-deformation necessary for understanding the main tectonic and metamorphic evolution of collisional orogens. In the case of the Western Alps overprint was by mega-scale nappe refolding in the Oligocene. This implies exhumation of the HP-rocks prior to postnappe folding, i.e. during nappe stacking and by foreland-directed ascent within a subduction channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Terra nova 6 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Deformation in the deep crust is strongly influenced by the presence of melt. Injected melt (or magma) weakens the crust because strain will tend to localize where melt is present. The amount of strain a pluton may accommodate is dependent on the length of time it takes for a pluton to crystallize and the strain rate. For plutons that intrude into rocks which are near the solidus temperature of the melt, crystallization times can be quite long (〉 1Myr).Partial melting of deep crustal rocks can lead to melt-enhanced embrittlement. This occurs because the volume change for most melting reactions is positive. Therefore, when the rate of melt production outpaces the rate at which melt can leave the system, the melt pressure increases. Eventually, the melt pressure may become sufficiently high that the melting rocks behave in a brittle fashion and fracture.Conjugate sets of dilatant shear fractures filled with melt occur in migmatite from the Central Gneiss belt (Canada); this suggests that melt-enhanced embrittlement occurred in these rocks. An expression which relates the magnitude of differential stress to the angle between conjugate dilatant shear fractures is derived. Assuming that migmatite has a small tensile strength, differential stresses are ≤ 20 MPa in migmatitic rocks at the time melt-enhanced embrittlement occurs. The occurrence of melt-enhanced embrittlement shows that a switch in deformation mechanism from plastic flow to cataclasis is possible in the deep crust during melting. Furthermore, repeated episodes of melt-enhanced embrittlement in migmatitic rocks may be an efficient mechanism for extracting melt from partially melted terrains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2015-12-02
    Description: Near the eastern end of the Tonale fault zone, a segment of the Periadriatic fault system in the Italian Alps, the Adamello intrusion produced a syn-kinematic contact aureole. A temperature gradient from ∼250 to ∼700 °C was determined across the Tonale fault zone using critical syn-kinematic mineral assemblages from the metasedimentary host rocks surrounding deformed quartz veins. Deformed quartz veins sampled along this temperature gradient display a transition from cataclasites to mylonites (frictional–viscous transition) at 280±30 °C. Within the mylonites, zones characterized by different dynamic recrystallization mechanisms were defined: Bulging recrystallization (BLG) was dominant between ∼280 and ∼400 °C, subgrain rotation recrystallization (SGR) in the ∼400–500 °C interval, and the transition to dominant grain boundary migration recrystallization (GBM) occurred at ∼500 °C. The microstructures associated with the three recrystallization mechanisms and the transitions between them can be correlated with experimentally derived dislocation creep regimes. Bulk texture X-ray goniometry and computer-automated analysis of preferred [c]-axis orientations of porphyroclasts and recrystallized grains are used to quantify textural differences that correspond to the observed microstructural changes. Within the BLG- and SGR zones, porphyroclasts show predominantly single [c]-axis maxima. At the transition from the SGR- to the GBM zone, the texture of recrystallized grains indicates a change from [c]-axis girdles, diagnostic of multiple slip systems, to a single maximum in Y. Within the GBM zone, above 630±30 °C, the textures also include submaxima, which are indicative of combined basal 〈a〉- and prism [c] slip.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Geological Society of London
    In:  In: Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Tectonics: Current Status and Future Perspectives. , ed. by de Mer, S. Geological Society Special Publications, 200 . Geological Society of London, London, pp. 171-190.
    Publication Date: 2015-12-02
    Description: Quartz veins in the Eastern Tonale mylonite zone (Italian Alps) were deformed in strike-slip shear. Due to the synkinematic emplacement of the Adamello Pluton, a temperature gradient between 280°C and 700°C was effected across this fault zone. The resulting dynamic recrystallization microstructures are characteristic of bulging recrystallization, subgrain rotation recrystallization and grain boundary migration recrystallization. The transitions in recrystallization mechanisms are marked by discrete changes of grain size dependence on temperature. Differential stresses are calculated from the recrystallized grain size data using paleopiezometric relationships. Deformation temperatures are obtained from metamorphic reactions in the deformed host rock. Flow stresses and deformation temperatures are used to determine the strain rate of the Tonale mylonites through integration with several published flow laws yielding an average rate of approximately 10−14s−1 to 10−12s−1. The deformation conditions of the natural fault rocks are compared and correlated with three experimental dislocation creep regimes of quartz of Hirth & Tullis. Linking the microstructures of the naturally and experimentally deformed quartz rocks, a recrystallization mechanism map is presented. This map permits the derivation of temperature and strain rate for mylonitic fault rocks once the recrystallization mechanism is known.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: The waning stage(s) of the Tethyan ocean(s) in the Balkans are not well understood. Controversy centres on the origin and life-span of the Cretaceous Sava Zone, which is allegedly a remnant of the last oceanic domain in the Balkan Peninsula, defining the youngest suture between Eurasia- and Adria-derived plates. In order to investigate to what extent late-Cretaceous volcanism within the Sava zone is consistent with this model, we present new age data together with trace-element and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope data for the Klepa basaltic lavas from the central Balkan Peninsula. Our new geochemical data show marked differences between the Cretaceous Klepa basalts (Sava Zone) and the rocks of other volcanic sequences from the Jurassic ophiolites of the Balkans. The Klepa basalts mostly have Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic and trace-element signatures that resemble enriched within-plate basalts, substantially different from Jurassic ophiolite basalts with MORB, BAB and IAV affinities. Trace-element modelling of the Klepa rocks indicates 2–20% polybaric melting of a relatively homogeneously metasomatised mantle source that ranges in composition from garnet lherzolite to ilmenite+apatite bearing spinel–amphibole lherzolite. Thus, the residual mineralogy is characteristic of a continental rather than oceanic lithospheric mantle source, suggesting an intracontinental within-plate origin for the Klepa basalts. Two alternative geodynamic models are internally consistent with our new findings: i) if the Sava Zone represents remnants of the youngest Neotethyan Ocean, magmatism along this zone would be situated within the forearc region and triggered by ridge subduction; ii) if the Sava Zone delimits a diffuse tectonic boundary between Adria and Europe, which had already collided in the Late Jurassic, the Klepa basalts together with a number of other magmatic centres represent volcanism related to transtensional tectonics.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This study addresses the polyphase Miocene tectonic evolution in the Maramures area (northern Romania) by combining field observations, stratigraphic arguments and fission-track analysis (Tischler et al. in press). Fission-track analysis has been carried out on basement samples from the Rodna horst, situated in the East Carpathians (Bucovinvian nappes). This area was affected by Cretaceous medium- to low-grade metamorphism, followed by post-collisional exhumation and renewed moderate thermal overprint due to the deposition of Eocene to Early Miocene sediments. Based on paleostress analyses of mesoscale structures, three main tectonic phases can be disdinguished in the study area, all of which are postdate the earliest Miocene (Aquitanian, 20.5 Ma). In late Early Miocene (Burdigalian) the Pienide nappes, nonmetamorphic flysch series, were emplaced onto the Paleogene to Early Miocene sedimentary cover of the Bucovinian nappes...
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VEE 640 ; VAE 400 ; VBN 500 ; VDI 121 ; VBN 400 ; VEE 100 ; Rumänien {Geologie} ; Tektogenese {Geologie} ; Geochronologie einzelner Regionen im allgemeinen ; Miozän ; Sonstige Verfahren der geologischen Altersbestimmung ; Karpatensystem {Geologie} ; Marmarosch ; Miozän ; Tektogenese ; Kernspaltspurenmethode
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
    Format: application/pdf
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