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  • 1
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    Molecular and immunological characterization of {beta}'-component (Onc k 5), a major IgE-binding protein in chum salmon roe (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-02
    Description: Salmon roe has a high allergic potency and often causes anaphylaxis in Japan. The major allergic protein of salmon roe is β'-component, which is a 35kDa vitellogenin fragment consisting of two subunits. To elucidate structural information and immunological characteristics, β'-component and the subunit components were purified from chum salmon ( Onchorhincus keta ) roe and vitellogenin-encoding mRNA was used to prepare β'-component subunit-encoding cDNA. This was PCR-amplified, cloned and sequenced and the deduced amino acid sequence compared with partial sequences of β'-component obtained by peptide mapping. The recombinant β'-component subunit was produced by bacterial expression in Escherichia coli and its IgE-binding ability was measured by ELISA using the sera of a patient allergic to salmon roe. This was then compared with that of the native β'-component with and without carboxymethylation. Following successful cloning of the cDNA encoding the β'-component subunit, 170 amino acid residues were deduced and matched with the amino acid sequences of 121 and 88 residues in the 16kDa and 18kDa subunits, respectively. The sequences of both β'-component subunits were almost identical, and the predicted secondary structure of the β'-component showed a high content of β-pleated sheets and no α-helices. There was no difference in IgE-binding ability between the native and recombinant β'-component subunits at the same protein concentration, regardless of carboxymethylation. In conclusion, β'-component is a homodimer protein composed of two isoform subunits having the same level of IgE-binding ability and, therefore, allergenic identity.
    Print ISSN: 0953-8178
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2377
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Adiponectin Regulates Cutaneous Wound Healing by Promoting Keratinocyte Proliferation and Migration via the ERK Signaling Pathway [CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY] (2012)
    The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-07
    Description: Diabetic patients are at high risk of developing delayed cutaneous wound healing. Adiponectin plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and is considered to be involved in various pathological conditions associated with diabetes; however, its role in wound repair is unknown. In this study, we elucidated the involvement of adiponectin in cutaneous wound healing in vitro and in vivo. Normal human keratinocytes expressed adiponectin receptors, and adiponectin enhanced proliferation and migration of keratinocytes in vitro. This proliferative and migratory effect of adiponectin was mediated via AdipoR1/AdipoR2 and the ERK signaling pathway. Consistent with in vitro results, wound closure was significantly delayed in adiponectin-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice, and more importantly, keratinocyte proliferation and migration during wound repair were also impaired in adiponectin-deficient mice. Furthermore, both systemic and topical administration of adiponectin ameliorated impaired wound healing in adiponectin-deficient and diabetic db/db mice, respectively. Collectively, these results indicate that adiponectin is a potent mediator in the regulation of cutaneous wound healing. We propose that upregulation of systemic and/or local adiponectin levels is a potential and very promising therapeutic approach for dealing with diabetic wounds.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1767
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-6606
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
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  • 3
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    A novel experimental platform for toxigenic and non-toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans infection in mice (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-23
    Description: Corynebacterium ulcerans is a zoonotic pathogen that can produce diphtheria toxin and causes an illness categorized as diphtheria in the European Union because its clinical appearance is similar to that of diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae . Despite the importance of the pathogen in public health, the organism's mechanism of infection has not been extensively studied, especially in experimental animal models. Therefore in the present study we constructed an intranasal infection system for mice. Mice are insensitive to diphtheria toxin and this has the advantage of excluding the cytotoxic effect of the toxin that might interfere with the analysis of the early stage of infection. Both the toxigenic and non-toxigenic C. ulcerans strains were capable of killing mice within 3 days after inoculation at 10 7 colony-forming units per mouse. In experimentally infected animals, C. ulcerans was detected in the respiratory tract but not in the intestinal tract. The bacterium was also detected in peripheral blood and it disseminated into the lung, kidney and spleen to produce a systemic infection. This experimental infection system provides a platform for analyzing the virulence of C. ulcerans in future studies.
    Print ISSN: 0928-8244
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Molecular Targets of Tumor Dissemination (2016)
    The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-16
    Description: Peritonitis carcinomatosa is an advanced and intractable state of gastrointestinal and ovarian cancer, where mechanistic elucidation might enable the development of more effective therapies. Peritoneal dissemination of this type of malignancy has been generally thought to initiate from “milky spots” of primitive lymphoid tissues in the peritoneal cavity. In this study, we offer evidence challenging this idea, based on the finding that tumor implantation and directional dissemination was not required for the presence of milky spots, but rather SCF/CXCL12–expressing niche-like cells located at the border regions of perivascular adipose tissue. Interestingly, we found that peritoneal cavity lavage fluid, which specifically contains peritoneal collagen type IV and plasma fibronectin, dramatically facilitated spheroid formation of murine and human colon cancer cells. Spheroid formation strongly induced the expression of CXCR4 in an Sp1-dependent manner to promote niche-directed metastasis. Notably, disrupting sphere formation or inhibiting Sp1 activity was sufficient to suppress tumor dissemination and potentiated chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil. Our findings illuminate mechanisms of peritoneal cancer dissemination and highlight the Sp1/CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling axis as a rational target for the development of therapeutics to manage this intractable form of malignancy. Cancer Res; 76(2); 347–57. ©2016 AACR.
    Print ISSN: 0008-5472
    Electronic ISSN: 1538-7445
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
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  • 5
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    Differentiation of Langerhans Cells from Monocytes and Their Specific Function in Inducing IL-22-Specific Th Cells [INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION] (2018)
    The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: Human mucosal tissues and skin contain two distinct types of dendritic cell (DC) subsets, epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal DCs, which can be distinguished by the expression of C-type lectin receptors, Langerin and DC-SIGN, respectively. Although peripheral blood monocytes differentiate into these distinct subsets, monocyte-derived LCs (moLCs) induced by coculture with GM-CSF, IL-4, and TGF-β1 coexpress both Langerin and DC-SIGN, suggesting that the environmental cues remain unclear. In this study, we show that LC differentiation is TGF-β1 dependent and that cofactors such as IL-4 and TNF-α promote TGF-β1–dependent LC differentiation into Langerin + DC-SIGN – moLCs but continuous exposure to IL-4 blocks differentiation. Steroids such as dexamethasone greatly enhanced TNF-α–induced moLC differentiation and blocked DC-SIGN expression. Consistent with primary LCs, dexamethasone-treated moLCs express CD1a, whereas monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) express CD1b, CD1c, and CD1d. moDCs but not moLCs produced inflammatory cytokines after stimulation with CD1b and CD1d ligands mycolic acid and α-galactosylceramide, respectively. Strikingly, CD1a triggering with squalene on moLCs but not moDCs induced strong IL-22-producing CD4 + helper T cell responses. As IL-22 is an important cytokine in the maintenance of skin homeostasis, these data suggest that CD1a on LCs is involved in maintaining the immune barrier in the skin.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1767
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-6606
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of silicon doping on the optical and transport properties of InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well structures (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1737-1739 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Temperature-dependent photoluminescence and transport measurements were performed on the In0.13Ga0.87N:Si/GaN:Si multiple-quantum-well (MQW) structures with different doping levels. By fitting the temperature-dependent emission energy of these samples using the band tail model, an obvious localization effect is observed in lightly doped MQW structures. Correspondingly, the electron mobilities in these structures are significantly higher than those of undoped and heavily doped MQW structures. Furthermore, when the localization effect is stronger, the mobility is higher. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126151
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imatinib mesylate inhibits the growth of metastatic lung lesions in a patient with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 151 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06024.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with COL1A1 (exon 18) –PDGFB (exon 2) fusion transcript (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 148 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  Background Fusion of the collagen type I α 1 (COL1A1) gene with the platelet-derived growth factor B-chain (PDGFB) gene has been described in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). Various exons of the COL1A1 gene have been shown to be involved in the fusion with exon 2 of the PDGFB gene. Objectives We examined the breakpoint of the COL1A1 gene using the tumour specimen from the patient with DFSP. Methods Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using cultured DFSP tumour cells. Nucleotide sequence analysis was carried out using the PCR product to identify the breakpoint. Results The COL1A1–PDGFB fusion transcript was detected from the tumour specimen. Sequence analysis revealed that exon 18 of the COL1A1 gene was fused with exon 2 of the PDGFB gene. Conclusions This study identified a novel COL1A1 breakpoint, namely, exon 18 of the COL1A1 gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05367.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Japanese elementary schoolchildren (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 152 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Although there have been several reports on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japanese schoolchildren based on questionnaires, there has been no nation-wide study of the frequency of this condition diagnosed by dermatologists in regular health check-ups of schoolchildren.Objectives  The objective of this work was to evaluate precisely the prevalence of AD in elementary schoolchildren in Japan based on regular health check-ups by dermatologists.Methods  In 2001/2, elementary schoolchildren: first graders (age 6–7 years) and sixth graders (age 11–12 years) were examined by dermatologists in eight prefectures of Japan (Hokkaido, Iwate, Tokyo, Gifu, Osaka, Hiroshima, Kochi and Fukuoka). In each prefecture, public elementary schools were randomly selected from urban and rural districts. We planned to examine about 700 schoolchildren in each of urban first, urban sixth, rural first and rural sixth grades from the eight areas, a total of 22 400 children (700 × 4 × 8). AD was diagnosed by the dermatologists based on the Japanese Dermatological Association criteria for the disease.Results  The point prevalence of AD was 11·2% overall (2664 of 23 719) ranging from 7·4% (Iwate) to 15·0% (Fukuoka) in the eight areas. Seventy-four per cent, 24%, 1·6% and 0·3% of those afflicted were in the mild, moderate, severe and very severe groups, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of first graders was slightly higher than that of sixth graders (11·8% vs. 10·5%, P 〈 0·01). There was no apparent difference in prevalence between urban and rural districts, or between boys and girls.Conclusions  The prevalence of AD in Japanese elementary schoolchildren was about 10%, three-quarters of those being mildly affected. This is the first nation-wide study made of Japanese elementary schoolchildren examined by dermatologists to evaluate the frequency of AD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06271.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation fo glucosamine to glycogen and lactate by ascites tumor cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects 244 (1971), S. 19-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4165
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-4165(71)90116-4
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