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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short- and long-term effects of nisoldipine on cardiac function and exercise tolerance in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (1996)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 91 (1996), S. 329-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: Nisoldipine ; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ; diastolic function ; systolic function ; exercise tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nisoldipine is a second generation dihydropyridine calcium antagonist having characteristics of strong coronary artery dilating effect and less negative inotropic action. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of nisoldipine on the cardiac function (systolic and diastolic) and the exercise tolerance in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).Subjects: Twenty-three patients with HCM were studied.Methods: We measured the following indices using M-mode and pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography before and after nisoldipine therapy; left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), isometric relaxation time (IRT), deceleration half-time (DHT) of early diastolic mitral (E) flow, late diastolic mitral (A) flow and A/E ratio. Symptomlimited treadmill exercise test was performed. Exercise tolerance (EX) time was measured. Nisoldipine of 10mg/day was orally administered. Same tests were repeated on day 14 and after 6 months.Results: 1) Short-term effects; LVFS did not change (55.9±5.9%→57.0±7.4%, NS) after 2 weeks. However, LV diastolic function significantly improved (IRT; 92.1±7.7 ms→85.2±11.6 ms, p〈0.05, DHT; 70.7±16.2 ms→63.3±3.7 ms, p〈0.05). EX time increased (8.9±2.6 min→ 10.0±3.3 min, p〈0.05). 2) Long-term effects; LV diastolic function had a tendency toward improvement, but is statistically not significant (IRT; 91.1±7.6→83.8±11.6 ms, DHT; 73.1±23.4→61.0±11.4 ms, A/E; 1.26±0.29→1.11±0.36) after 6 months. EX time was significantly increased (9.4±1.7→ 10.1±1.7 min, p〈0.05).Conclusions: Nisoldipine improved LV diastolic dysfunction and exercise tolerance in patients with HCM. These effects were similar to the first generation calcium antagonists. LV diastolic dysfunction may be improved due to the reduction of intracellular calcium concentration and the relief of myocardial ischemia by strong coronary artery dilating effect. However, nisoldipine did not affect the LV systolic function because of its less negative inotropic effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00789305
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Genomes of coral dinoflagellate symbionts highlight evolutionary adaptations conducive to a symbiotic lifestyle (2016)
    Nature Research
    In:  Scientific Reports, 6 . p. 39734.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: Despite half a century of research, the biology of dinoflagellates remains enigmatic: they defy many functional and genetic traits attributed to typical eukaryotic cells. Genomic approaches to study dinoflagellates are often stymied due to their large, multi-gigabase genomes. Members of the genus Symbiodinium are photosynthetic endosymbionts of stony corals that provide the foundation of coral reef ecosystems. Their smaller genome sizes provide an opportunity to interrogate evolution and functionality of dinoflagellate genomes and endosymbiosis. We sequenced the genome of the ancestral Symbiodinium microadriaticum and compared it to the genomes of the more derived Symbiodinium minutum and Symbiodinium kawagutii and eukaryote model systems as well as transcriptomes from other dinoflagellates. Comparative analyses of genome and transcriptome protein sets show that all dinoflagellates, not only Symbiodinium, possess significantly more transmembrane transporters involved in the exchange of amino acids, lipids, and glycerol than other eukaryotes. Importantly, we find that only Symbiodinium harbor an extensive transporter repertoire associated with the provisioning of carbon and nitrogen. Analyses of these transporters show species-specific expansions, which provides a genomic basis to explain differential compatibilities to an array of hosts and environments, and highlights the putative importance of gene duplications as an evolutionary mechanism in dinoflagellates and Symbiodinium.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/srep39734
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Draft Genome Sequence of the Antitrypanosomally Active Sponge-Associated Bacterium Actinokineospora sp. Strain EG49 (2014)
    American Society for Microbiology
    In:  Genome Announcements, 2 (2). e00160-14.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-31
    Description: The marine sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp. strain EG49 produces the antitrypanosomal angucycline-like compound actinosporin A. The draft genome of Actinokineospora sp. EG49 has a size of 7.5 megabases and a GC content of 72.8% and contains 6,629 protein-coding sequences (CDS). antiSMASH predicted 996 genes residing in 36 secondary metabolite gene clusters.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00160-14
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Intermediate-mass black holes from Population III remnants in the first galactic nuclei (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-26
    Description: We report the formation of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in suites of numerical N -body simulations of Population III remnant black holes (BHs) embedded in gas-rich protogalaxies at redshifts z 10. We model the effects of gas drag on the BHs’ orbits, and allow BHs to grow via gas accretion, including a mode of hyper-Eddington accretion in which photon trapping and rapid gas inflow suppress any negative radiative feedback. Most initial BH configurations lead to the formation of one (but never more than one) IMBH in the centre of the protogalaxy, reaching a mass of 10 3–5 M through hyper-Eddington growth. Our results suggest a viable pathway to forming the earliest massive BHs in the centres of early galaxies. We also find that the nuclear IMBH typically captures a stellar-mass BH companion, making these systems observable in gravitational waves as extreme mass-ratio inspirals with eLISA .
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    V5852 Sgr: an unusual nova possibly associated with the Sagittarius stream (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-07
    Description: We report spectroscopic and photometric follow-up of the peculiar nova V5852 Sgr (discovered as OGLE-2015-NOVA-01), which exhibits a combination of features from different nova classes. The photometry shows a flat-topped light curve with quasi-periodic oscillations, then a smooth decline followed by two fainter recoveries in brightness. Spectroscopy with the Southern African Large Telescope shows first a classical nova with an Fe ii or Fe ii b spectral type. In the latter spectrum, broad emissions from helium, nitrogen and oxygen are prominent, and the iron has faded which could be an indication to the start of the nebular phase. The line widths suggest ejection velocities around 1000 km s –1 . The nova is in the direction of the Galactic bulge and is heavily reddened by an uncertain amount. The V magnitude 16 days after maximum enables a distance to be estimated and this suggests that the nova may be in the extreme trailing stream of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy. If so it is the first nova to be detected from that, or from any dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Given the uncertainty of the method and the unusual light curve we cannot rule out the possibility that it is in the bulge or even the Galactic disk behind the bulge.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Sgs1 and Mph1 Helicases Enforce the Recombination Execution Checkpoint During DNA Double-Strand Break Repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Communications] (2016)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    In: Genetics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: We have previously shown that a recombination execution checkpoint (REC) regulates the choice of the homologous recombination pathway used to repair a given DNA double-strand break (DSB) based on the homology status of the DSB ends. If the two DSB ends are synapsed with closely-positioned and correctly-oriented homologous donors, repair proceeds rapidly by the gene conversion (GC) pathway. If, however, homology to only one of the ends is present, or if homologies to the two ends are situated far away from each other or in the wrong orientation, REC blocks the rapid initiation of new DNA synthesis from the synapsed end(s) and repair is carried out by the break-induced replication (BIR) machinery after a long pause. Here we report that the simultaneous deletion of two 3'-〉5' helicases, Sgs1 and Mph1 , largely abolishes the REC-mediated lag normally observed during the repair of large gaps and BIR substrates, which now get repaired nearly as rapidly and efficiently as GC substrates. Deletion of SGS1 and MPH1 also produces a nearly additive increase in the efficiency of both BIR and long gap repair; this increase is epistatic to that seen upon Rad51 overexpression. However, Rad51 overexpression fails to mimic the acceleration in repair kinetics that is produced by sgs1 mph1 double deletion.
    Print ISSN: 0016-6731
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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  • 7
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    IL-1{alpha} induces thrombopoiesis through megakaryocyte rupture in response to acute platelet needs (2015)
    Rockefeller University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-12
    Description: Intravital visualization of thrombopoiesis revealed that formation of proplatelets, which are cytoplasmic protrusions in bone marrow megakaryocytes (MKs), is dominant in the steady state. However, it was unclear whether this is the only path to platelet biogenesis. We have identified an alternative MK rupture, which entails rapid cytoplasmic fragmentation and release of much larger numbers of platelets, primarily into blood vessels, which is morphologically and temporally different than typical FasL-induced apoptosis. Serum levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1α were acutely elevated after platelet loss or administration of an inflammatory stimulus to mice, whereas the MK-regulator thrombopoietin (TPO) was not elevated. Moreover, IL-1α administration rapidly induced MK rupture–dependent thrombopoiesis and increased platelet counts. IL-1α–IL-1R1 signaling activated caspase-3, which reduced plasma membrane stability and appeared to inhibit regulated tubulin expression and proplatelet formation, and ultimately led to MK rupture. Collectively, it appears the balance between TPO and IL-1α determines the MK cellular programming for thrombopoiesis in response to acute and chronic platelet needs.
    Electronic ISSN: 1540-8140
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Rockefeller University Press
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  • 8
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    IL-1[alpha] induces thrombopoiesis through megakaryocyte rupture in response to acute platelet needs (2015)
    Rockefeller University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-05
    Print ISSN: 0022-1007
    Electronic ISSN: 1540-9538
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Rockefeller University Press
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  • 9
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    Formation, disruption and energy output of Population III X-ray binaries (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-16
    Description: The first astrophysical objects shaped the cosmic environment by reionizing and heating the intergalactic medium (IGM). Particularly, X-rays are very efficient at heating the IGM before reionization is complete. High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) in early stellar populations are prime candidates for driving the thermal evolution of the IGM at redshifts z 20; however, their formation efficiency is not well understood. Using N -body simulations, we estimate the HMXB formation rate via mutual gravitational interactions of nascent, small groups of the Population III stars. We run two sets of calculations: (i) stars formed in small groups of five in nearly Keplerian initial orbits and (ii) collision of two such groups (an expected outcome of mergers of host protogalaxies). We find that HMXBs form at a rate of one per 10 4 M in newly born stars, and that they emit with a power of ~10 41 erg s –1 in the 2–10 keV band per star formation rate. This value is a factor of ~10 2 larger than what is observed in star-forming galaxies at lower redshifts; the X-ray production from early HMXBs would have been even more copious, if they also formed in situ or via migration in protostellar discs. Combining our results with earlier studies suggests that early HMXBs were highly effective at heating the IGM and leaving a strong 21-cm signature. We discuss broader implications of our results, such as the rate of long gamma-ray bursts from Population III stars and the direct collapse channel for massive black hole formation.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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