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  • 1
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    Skill assessment in ocean biological data assimilation (2009)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Marine Systems, 76, 1, pp. 16-33
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Individual-based modelling of recruitment variability and biomass production of bay anchovy in mid-Chesapeake Bay (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 51 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Production of bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli is highest in the larval and juvenile stages. The interplay between vital rates, stage durations, prey resources, and anchovy abundance ultimately determines the relative magnitude of recruitment (which in the model varies by about three-fold) and of stage-specific production. Changes in adult seasonal spawning patterns that increase the number of larval survivors result in only a slight increase in overall production due to density-dependent decreases in growth rates of later life stages. Bay anchovy in the mid-Chesapeake Bay may reach a compensatory threshold during late summer-autumn as fish growth is affected by competition for food resources. Density dependence in the population is evident in the relationships between spawner-recruit, size-recruit, and production of larval or juvenile to young-of-the-year life stages. Density-dependent growth acts differentially upon the early life stage that exceeds the compensatory threshold in any given year, due either to environmental variability or population size, or both. This could explain partially the relatively low recruitment variability observed for this anchovy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb06095.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constructive Contrasts Between Modeled and Measured Climate Responses Over a Regional Scale (2000)
    Springer
    Ecosystems 3 (2000), S. 396-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0629
    Keywords: Key words: constructive model validation; residual analysis; regional analysis; regression; net primary productivity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Reducing uncertainty in predictions of regional-scale models depends on meaningful contrasts with field measurements. This paper introduces a two-stage process that works from the premise that an appropriate goal for regional models is to produce reasonable behavior over dominant environmental gradients. We demonstrate two techniques for contrasting models with data, one based on the shape of modeled relationships (functional contrasts) and the other based on an examination of the residuals (residual contrasts) between the model and an empirically derived surface fit to field data. Functional contrasts evaluated the differences between the response of simulated net primary production (NPP) to climate variables and the response observed in field measurements of NPP. Residual contrasts compared deviations of NPP from the empirical surface to identify groupings (for example, vegetation classes, geographic regions) with model deviations different from those of the field data. In all model–data contrasts, we assigned sample weights to field measurements to ensure unbiased representation of the region, and we included both constructive comparisons and formal statistical tests. In general, we learned more from constructive methods designed to reveal structure or pattern in discrepancy than we did from statistical tests designed to falsify models. Although our constructive methods were more subjective and less concise, they succeeded in revealing gaps in our understanding of regional-scale processes that can guide future efforts to reduce scientific uncertainty. This was best illustrated by NPP predictions from the Biome-BGC model, which showed a stronger response to precipitation than apparently operates in the field. In another case, differences revealed in savanna and dry woodlands had insufficient field-data support, suggesting a need for future field studies to improve understanding in this, and other, poorly studied ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100210000035
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiosilver (Ag-110m) concentrations in Chesapeake Bay oysters maintained near a nuclear power plant: A statistical analysis (1988)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 10 (1988), S. 205-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract An ongoing biomonitoring program using oysters (Crassostrea virginica) was implemented in 1978 to monitor radionuclide releases from the Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant located on Chesapeake Bay. The program involves quarterly removal and replenishment of oysters located in a tray about 0.2 km from the effluent discharge. Radiosilver (Ag-110m) concentrations in tray oysters (pCi/kg ww) were analyzed using ANCOVA-like models with plant releases of Ag-110m in the present and immediately preceding quarters and season of exposure as explanatory variables. Hypothesis testing based on the estimated models and comparison among model predictions under hypothetical release scenarios showed that season of exposure was important in influencing Ag-110m concentrations, with exposure during the Fall and Summer seasons resulting in significantly higher Ag-110m concentrations in tray oysters than exposure during the Winter and Spring seasons. From a management perspective of minimizing Ag-110m concentrations in oysters located near the plant, Winter and Spring are the preferred seasons for plant releases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395080
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
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    Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-05
    Description: Oxygen is fundamental to life. Not only is it essential for the survival of individual animals, but it regulates global cycles of major nutrients and carbon. The oxygen content of the open ocean and coastal waters has been declining for at least the past half-century, largely because of human activities that have increased global temperatures and nutrients discharged to coastal waters. These changes have accelerated consumption of oxygen by microbial respiration, reduced solubility of oxygen in water, and reduced the rate of oxygen resupply from the atmosphere to the ocean interior, with a wide range of biological and ecological consequences. Further research is needed to understand and predict long-term, global- and regional-scale oxygen changes and their effects on marine and estuarine fisheries and ecosystems.
    Keywords: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Online Only
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
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