Description: We hereby present experimental and theoretical insights on the use of biomineralized magnetite nanoparticles, called magnetosomes, as heat nanoinductors in the magnetic hyperthermia technique. The heating efficiency or specific absorption rate of magnetosomes extracted from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense bacteria and immersed in water and agarose gel, was directly determined from the hysteresis loops obtained at different frequencies and magnetic field amplitudes. We demonstrate that heat production of magnetosomes can be predicted in the framework of the Stoner−Wohlfarth theory of uniaxial magnetic anisotropy subjected to significant dipolar interactions, which can be described in terms of an interaction anisotropy superimposed to that of each particle. Based on these findings, we propose optimal magnetic field amplitude and frequency values in order to maximize the heat production while keeping the undesired eddy current effects below safe and tolerable limits. The efficiency of magnetosomes as heat generators and their impact on cell viability has been checked in macrophage cells. Our results clearly indicate that the hyperthermia treatment causes both cell death and inhibition of cell proliferation. Specifically, only 36% of the treated macrophages remained alive 2 h after alternating magnetic field exposure, and 24 h later the percentage fell to 22%.

Description: The overall goal of this report is to analyse the EuroSea itinerant exhibition as a case study of public engagement activity. Aimed at the general public, this modular and itinerant exhibition raises awareness about the EuroSea project while also promoting ocean literacy and highlighting the importance of ocean observing and forecasting. Public engagement plays a crucial role in Horizon 2020, the EU's research and innovation funding program. It aims to bridge the gap between researchers and society, ensuring that their work is aligned with societal needs and values. This involves bringing together various stakeholders, including researchers, policymakers, industry representatives, civil society organizations, NGOs, and citizens, to foster inclusive and transparent dialogue. The benefits of public engagement are evident in the research and innovation process. It stimulates creativity and innovation, brings ocean science to a broader audience, builds trust and credibility and promotes ocean literacy and empowerment among citizens. Within Horizon 2020, the EuroSea Communication Work Package 8 focuses on public engagement activities related to ocean observing and forecasting, among other activities. To raise awareness about the EuroSea project and ocean observation, the EuroSea itinerant exhibition was created. This exhibition features printed panels, audiovisuals, and a photobooth that could be adapted and translated for different locations. The exhibition has been presented at 8 events and locations across Europe, aiming to engage the general public, promote ocean literacy, and emphasize the importance of ocean observation and forecasting. This report specifically focuses on three events targeted to the general public where the EuroSea exhibition was showcased: 1) 2022 European Researcher’s Night. 2022, September 30th in Palma (Mallorca, Spain); 2) 25th Galway Science & Technology Festival. 2022, November 13th in Galway (Ireland); and 3) 10th ‘Science for all’. 2023, May 11-13th in Palma (Mallorca, Spain). To evaluate the impact of the EuroSea exhibition, an online survey was conducted. The survey assessed visitor satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, interest in the topic, prior knowledge of EuroSea and ocean observation, and preferences for future engagement activities. A total of 41 people participated in the survey. The main results obtained from the analysis of the data demonstrate an overall positive satisfaction with the exhibition and a high level of interest in the topic. Participants reported acquiring new knowledge and expressed a desire for future engagement activities. Additionally, the survey provided valuable demographic insights into the participants, including their age, gender, employment status, educational background, and frequency of engagement in ocean science outreach activities. The findings from the survey will contribute to the improvement of future public engagement activities by better understanding the needs and interests of the public regarding ocean observation and forecasting. This document emphasizes the significance of public engagement in research and innovation, specifically within the EuroSea project. The EuroSea itinerant exhibition was developed to raise awareness and promote ocean literacy, while the survey conducted during the exhibition provided valuable insights into participant satisfaction and preferences. This information will be instrumental in enhancing future engagement efforts.