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  • 1
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Apoptosis of smooth muscle cells is a common feature of vascular lesions but its pathophysiological significance is not known. We demonstrate that signals initiated by regulated Fas-associated death domain protein overexpression in rat vascular smooth muscle cells in the carotid artery induce ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1058-8388
    Keywords: Lytechinus ; PDGF and EGF receptors ; Gastrulation ; Spiculogenesis ; Morphogenesis ; Differentiation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The mechanisms underlying sea urchin gastrulation and spiculogenesis have been sought for decades. We have identified two growth factor signaling pathways that are involved in these developmental events. Antibodies against mammalian platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor-β inhibited gastrulation and spiculogenesis, and antibodies against human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor disrupted gastrulation and spicule placement in Lytechinus pictus and L. variegatus embryos. Our studies suggested that the antibodies affect development by inhibiting rather than activating the signaling pathways. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against the mammalian receptors recognized specifically Lytechinus proteins of the expected size of 170-180 × 103 Mr. Growth factor binding assays indicated that there are approximately 1.25 × 104 platelet-derived growth factor-like receptors per cell at the mesenchyme blastula stage of L. pictus, and human platelet-derived growth factor bound with an apparent affinity of KD = 4.4 nM to dissociated cells at the mesenchyme blastula stage. Immunolabelling experiments showed that at the gastrula stage, the Lytechinus platelet-derived growth factor-like receptors are located on the primary mesenchyme cells, the gut, and most prominently on the secondary mesenchyme cells and the stomodeum. The epidermal growth factor-like receptors stained less intensely on the gut and primary and secondary mesenchyme cells. Both receptors are expressed on the ciliary band and the gut of the pluteus larva but only the PDGF-like receptors is expressed on the primary mesenchyme cells. Pulse studies showed that the embryos are sensitive to the platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β and epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies from the blastula to sometime between the mesenchyme blastula and midgastrula stages. We show that antibodies enter the blastocoel as late as the gastrula stage. Our results suggest that platelet-derived growth factor-like and epidermal growth factor-like signaling pathways are involved in the early differentiation and morphogenesis of the sea urchin gut and spicules. © 1995 wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 10 (1996), S. 305-316 
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: boron ; nonlinear optics ; third-order ; hyperpolarizability ; organic material ; fluorescence ; molecular structure ; benzene ; anthracene ; stilbene ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The third-order nonlinear optical properties (second molecular hyperpolarizabilities, γ), of a series of organoboron compounds containing dimesitylboron moieties have been investigated by third harmonic generation (THG) measurements at 1.907 μm. Symmetric systems with B(mes)2 groups (mes=2,4,6-Me3C6H2) at both ends, e.g. (mes)2B-Y-B(mes)2 where Y=(C6H4)n (n=1,2) or trans-trans-CH=CH-(C6H4)n-CH=CH- (n=1,2), were prepared as well as push- pull systems of the form D-Y-B(mes)2 where D=MeS, Me2N, H2N, etc., and Y=C6H4, C6H4-C≅C-, C6H4-CH=CH-, C6H4-CH=CH-C6H4. The B(mes)2 group compares favorably with the more commonly used NO2 acceptor function for enhancing γ. Values of γ increase significantly with increasing length of π-conjugation for both symmetric and unsymmetric molecules. The MeS group is much more efficient than MeO for enhancing γ. Values as high as 22910-36 esu are reported for trans-trans-(mes)2-B-CH=CH-(C6H4)2-CH=CH-B(mes)2 which has a lmax for absorption of 370 nm. Crystal and molecular structures of the bis(dimesitylboryl) benzene and anthracene compounds 1,4-C6H4-{B(mes)2}2 and 9,10-C14H8{B(mes)2}2 are reported, as are fluorescence maxima for the symmetric molecules.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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