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  • 1
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    Investigating the transport dynamics and the properties of bedload material with a hydro-acoustic measuring system (2007)
    In:  EPIC3Earth Surface Processes and Landforms., ISSN: 0197-9337
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Investigating the dynamics of the bed load transportwith a hydro-acoustic measuring system (2006)
    In:  EPIC3European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2006, 02 07 April 2006, Vienna, Austria.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 3
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    Using 222 Rn for hydrograph separationin a micro basin (Luxembourg) (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: In order to obtain information on the hydrological signature of rivers during and after heavy rain events, small catchment areas are selected as experimental sites. Hydrograph separations based on environmental tracers are performed. Natural isotopic tracers such as 18O, 2H and particularly 222Rn may help to distinguish the components dominating the outflow, particularly of 'pre-event waters', 'event waters' and 'post-event waters'. Even with moderate concentrations in groundwater, radon can be a very sensitive indicator of groundwater input into rivers. The selected microbasin under investigation is situated in the western part of Luxembourg and belongs to the Attert River catchment. At chosen points at the basin's outflow radon detectors continuously measure radon activity in water. The radon monitors are installed together with high precision thermometers, conductivity meters, flow meters and automatic water samplers for chemical analysis. Besides the continuous measurements, grab water samples are taken at different locations along the stream, most of them during periods of heavy rain events. Presented are the results of a one year measurement campaign. During the dry season i.e. during more or less continuous discharge conditions, the observed mean values do not show substantial variations and can be used as reference values. Fluctuations of the measured data during rain events are discussed and the interplay between the different parameters analysed.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: radon ; hydrology ; tracer ; hydrograph separation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 1312041 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    The NY-Ålesund TurbulencE Fiber Optic eXperiment (NYTEFOX): investigating the Arctic boundary layer, Svalbard (2021)
    Copernicus Publications
    In:  EPIC3Earth System Science Data, Copernicus Publications, 13(7), pp. 3439-3452
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-03
    Description: The NY-Ålesund TurbulencE Fiber Optic eXperiment (NYTEFOX) was a field experiment at the Ny-Ålesund Arctic site (78.9◦ N, 11.9◦ E) and yielded a unique meteorological data set. These data describe the distribution of heat, airflows, and exchange in the Arctic boundary layer for a period of 14 d from 26 February to 10 March 2020. NYTEFOX is the first field experiment to investigate the heterogeneity of airflow and its transport of temperature, wind, and kinetic energy in the Arctic environment using the fiber-optic distributed sensing (FODS) technique for horizontal and vertical observations. FODS air temperature and wind speed were observed at a spatial resolution of 0.127 m and a temporal resolution of 9 s along a 700 m horizontal array at 1 m above ground level (a.g.l.) and along three 7 m vertical profiles. Ancillary data were collected from three sonic anemometers and an acoustic profiler (minisodar; sodar is an acronym for “sound detection and ranging”) yielding turbulent flow statistics and vertical profiles in the lowest 300 m a.g.l., respectively. The observations from this field campaign are publicly available on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4756836, Huss et al., 2021) and supplement the meteorological data set operationally collected by the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preclinical Radiobiology with Pions: RBE — Values for Mouse Skin Damage as a Function of Single Doses of Pions (1979)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 16 (1979), S. 289-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary The macroscopic reaction of the mouse skin was used to derive RBE values for negativeπ-Mesons. Hind limbs of mice were irradiated with pions or X-rays. The pions were produced by the 590 MeV accelerator of the Schweizerisches Institut für Nuklearforschung (SIN). Early skin reaction was assessed over a period of 6–30 days after irradiation with single doses (20–45 Gy). The radiation damage was scored using an arbitrary scale of effect. The time pattern of development of the skin reaction and the subsequent healing after exposure both to pions and X-rays were similar, indicating that depletion and repopulation of the basal cells of the skin were comparable, both after pions and X-rays. RBE values as a function of pion doses at the peak (dose maximum), plateau and at the postpeak (12 mm downstream of the dose maximum) were computed with nonparametric statistical methods. The RBE at the peak and at the plateau relative to X-rays of the same dose rate was 1.15–1.25 and 0.85, respectively. The RBE of peak pions manifested a marked dependence on dose, when plateau pions were chosen as reference radiation. In this experiment there was no significant difference in RBE between peak and postpeak. The importance of some experimental condition (dose rate, irradiation volume) is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01358292
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  • 6
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    HESS Opinions: From response units to functional units: a thermodynamic reinterpretation of the HRU concept to link spatial organization and functioning of intermediate scale catchments (2014)
    In:  Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) – a community perspective (2019)
    In:  Hydrological Sciences Journal - Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Reconstructing the history of flowing waters from freshwater mussel shells in the context of interdecadal climate variability (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-13
    Description: Facing the ongoing intensification of the hydrological cycle, stable isotopes of O and H in streams and precipitation are cardinal tools to identify and assess the factors controlling catchment resilience to climate change. However, progress is stymied by the uncertainty related to the spatial and temporal variability of these tracers, mostly due to the limited availability of long-term historical observations. Here, we propose two complementary innovative approaches for reconstructing pre-instrumental δ〈sup〉18〈/sup〉O series in precipitation and stream water.First, we conjecture that oxygen isotopes inside the mineral structures of freshwater bivalve shells hold promising potential to extend limited stream water isotope records. Certain species can live up to 200 years (e.g., Margaritifera Margaritifera), and nearly 1200 species inhabit a large variety of river systems and lakes around the globe. Proof-of-concept work has already shown that shell-extracted δ〈sup〉18〈/sup〉O values closely mirror the variance of the measured stream water δ〈sup〉18〈/sup〉O – both showing a strong damping of the precipitation signal. Building on this, shell δ〈sup〉18〈/sup〉O chronologies were generated from three recently collected individuals collected from the Our River (L) extending back to the 1960s, comprising over 3000 samples. Our second conjecture, which we focus on here, states that precipitation δ〈sup〉18〈/sup〉O series may be reconstructed from historical atmospheric circulation data. Based on a 6 year-worth sub-daily resolution isotope dataset collected at the meteorological station in Belvaux (L) from 2017 to 2022, we built a multiple linear regression model explaining almost 50 percent of the sub-daily variance, and closely matching the monthly δ〈sup〉18〈/sup〉O signal.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 9
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    Megafloods in Europe can be anticipated from observations in hydrologically similar catchments (2023)
    In:  Nature Geoscience
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-13
    Description: Megafloods that far exceed previously observed records often take citizens and experts by surprise, resulting in extremely severe damage and loss of life. Existing methods based on local and regional information rarely go beyond national borders and cannot predict these floods well because of limited data on megafloods, and because flood generation processes of extremes differ from those of smaller, more frequently observed events. Here we analyse river discharge observations from over 8,000 gauging stations across Europe and show that recent megafloods could have been anticipated from those previously observed in other places in Europe. Almost all observed megafloods (95.5%) fall within the envelope values estimated from previous floods in other similar places on the continent, implying that local surprises are not surprising at the continental scale. This holds also for older events, indicating that megafloods have not changed much in time relative to their spatial variability. The underlying concept of the study is that catchments with similar flood generation processes produce similar outliers. It is thus essential to transcend national boundaries and learn from other places across the continent to avoid surprises and save lives.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 10
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    On the value of surface saturated area dynamics mapped with thermal infrared imagery for modeling the hillslope-riparian-stream continuum (2016)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-08
    Description: The highly dynamic processes within a hillslope-riparian-stream (HRS) continuum are known to affect streamflow generation, but are yet not fully understood. Within this study, we simulated a headwater HRS continuum in western Luxembourg with an integrated hydrologic surface subsurface model (HydroGeoSphere). The model was set up with thorough consideration of catchment-specific attributes and we performed a multi criteria model evaluation (4 years) with special focus on the temporally varying spatial patterns of surface saturation. We used a portable thermal infrared (TIR) camera to map surface saturation with a high spatial resolution and collected 20 panoramic snapshots of the riparian zone (approx. 10 m x 20 m) under different hydrologic conditions. Qualitative and quantitative comparison of the processed TIR panoramas and the corresponding model output panoramas revealed a good agreement between spatiotemporal dynamic model and field surface saturation patterns. A double logarithmic linear relationship between surface saturation extent and discharge was similar for modeled and observed data. This provided confidence in the capability of an integrated hydrologic surface subsurface model to represent temporal and spatial water flux dynamics at small (HRS continuum) scales. However, model scenarios with different parameterizations of the riparian zone showed that discharge and surface saturation were controlled by different parameters and hardly influenced each other. Surface saturation only affected very fast runoff responses with a small volumetric contribution to stream discharge, indicating that the dynamic surface saturation in the riparian zone does not necessarily imply a major control on runoff generation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0043-1397
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-7973
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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