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  • 1
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 5 S , graph. Darst
    Series Statement: ICES council meeting papers 1993,34
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2020-07-29
    Description: The eastern Baltic (EB) cod (Gadus morhua) stock was depleted and overexploited for decades until the mid-2000s, when fishing mortality rapidly declined and biomass started to increase, as shown by stock assessments. These positive developments were partly assigned to effective management measures, and the EB cod was considered one of the most successful stock recoveries in recent times. In contrast to this optimistic view, the analytical stock assessment failed in 2014, leaving the present stock status unclear. Deteriorated quality of some basic input data for stock assessment in combination with changes in environmental and ecological conditions has led to an unusual situation for cod in the Baltic Sea, which poses new challenges for stock assessment and management advice. A number of adverse developments such as low nutritional condition and disappearance of larger individuals indicate that the stock is in distress. In this study, we (i) summarize the knowledge of recent changes in cod biology and ecosystem conditions, (ii) describe the subsequent challenges for stock assessment, and (iii) highlight the key questions where answers are urgently needed to understand the present stock status and provide scientifically solid support for cod management in the Baltic Sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-01-06
    Description: Oxygen minimum zones are increasing, yet the effects of these zones on the genetic composition of marine fish stocks has been neglected. We assessed the combined effects of stock size and structure, and the prevailing oxygen situation, on Eastern Baltic cod (ICES SD25) genetic diversity. For this purpose, we used an integrative long-term otolith sample and data series (1995-2013) to (1) calculate the approximate number of females with surviving eggs in a given year, i.e., contributing to reproduction (n F), and (2) the annually resolved cohort mean allelic richness as proxy of genetic diversity, based on 12 microsatellite markers. Cohort mean allelic richness showed strong year-to-year fluctuations though no permanent decline. Importantly, it was highly correlated with n F, but with an unexpected 1.5 year time lag that may be an artefact of Eastern Baltic cod ageing problems. Our findings indicated that environmental pressure can effect rapid alterations in exploited fish stock genetic composition, and pointed to the importance of large females for Eastern Baltic cod reproduction during stagnation periods. Considering the importance of standing genetic variation for the evolutionary potential of populations, this is relevant for projections of the future state of cod stocks under global change.
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    In:  rainer.oeberst@vti.bund.de | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/4276 | 1240 | 2012-11-10 19:55:51 | 4276 | Bundesforschungsanstalt für Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung = Information on Fishery research in 2010
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Engineering ; youngfish survey ; Baltic Sea ; net comparison
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 75-81
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  • 5
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    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/8926 | 1240 | 2012-06-27 17:07:59 | 8926 | Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: Cod captured by commercial fi shery in the Bornholm Basin in quarter 2 of 2001 were not suitable for the mechanical processing due to low condition and weight. The absolute mean weight of cod captured by the commercial fishery in the Arkona Sea and Bornholm Basin in the same quarter during the last fi ve years was studied to describe its development. The results of a GLM (Generalized Linear Model) analysis showed similar development of body weight in the Bornholm Basin and in the Arkona Sea between 2007 and 2011. The mean weight of cod in the Bornholm Basin increased from 2007 to 2008 in both areas followed by a relative stable weight until 2009 and a decrease until 2011. In the Arkona Sea the mean weight of cod 2009 hasdecreased in comparison to 2008, then have increased 2010 slightly and last have decreased in 2011. The analyses showed that the weight of cod is signifi cantly infl uenced by length, age and maturity of individuals.
    Keywords: Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 19-23
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  • 6
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    In:  martina.bleil@ti.bund.de | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10824 | 1240 | 2020-08-23 05:54:11 | 10824 | Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-30
    Description: AbstractThe spawning activities of cod were described in the Arkona Sea from 2009 to 2012 and were compared with estimates of the period 1992 – 1999. Cod spawned mainly from beginning of June till the middle of July every year. In the same period spawning was observed in the Bornholm Sea. The spawning activities in July were limited by water temperature above the critical limits. Spawning activities in spring which were observed in the 90 ties were of lower importance between 2009 and 2012. Higher proportions of spent cod were observed in the Arkona Sea in August and autumn between 2009 and 2012 compared to the earlier period, indicating immigration of cod from the Bornholm Sea after spawning. The study showed that higher proportionof cod with developing sex products were observed in the Arkona Sea between 2009 and 2012 compared to the 90 ties.KurzfassungDie Laichaktivitäten der Dorsche in der Arkonasee werden für den Zeitraum 2009 – 2012 dargestellt und im Vergleich mit dem Zeitraum 1992 – 1999 diskutiert. Die Hauptlaichaktivitäten haben im Untersuchungszeitraum von Anfang Juni bis Mitte Juli stattgefunden und lagen damit in ihrem jahreszeitlichen Verlauf innerhalb der Zeitperiode der Laichaktivitäten in der angrenzenden Bornholmsee. In der Arkonasee wurden jeweils im Juli diese Ereignisse durch ansteigende Wassertemperaturenbegrenzt. Die, noch in den 90-er Jahren beobachteten, Laichaktivitäten im Frühjahr haben aktuell an Bedeutung verloren. Im Spätsommer und Herbst war ein, im Vergleich zu den 90-er Jahren, höherer Anteil an abgelaichten Tieren in der Arkonasee zu beobachten, der als Indiz für eine Zuwanderung von abgelaichten Dorschen aus der Bornholmsee gewertet wird. Insgesamt hat der Anteil an Tieren mit sich entwickelnden Geschlechtsprodukten (aktive Laicher) im Untersuchungszeitraum, im Vergleich zu den 90-er Jahren, zugenommen.
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Federal Research Institute of Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung - Information on Fishery Research in 2010
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; spawning activity ; recruitment ; cod ; Gadus morhua ; Baltic Sea ; spawning grounds ; stock distribution ; hydrographic effects ; Arcona Sea ; maturity ; seasonal variations
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 49-60
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  • 7
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    In:  martina.bleil@vti.bund.de | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3145 | 1240 | 2012-11-10 13:57:32 | 3145 | Bundesforschungsanstalt für Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The reproduction biology of cod is one of the main re-search topics of the Institute of Baltic Sea Fisheries at Rostock. It was defined 10 years ago when the Institute was formed. Since then results have been published in a number of publications. This paper summarizes the main results of the past decade ant outlines necessities for future research in cod reproduction biology in the Baltic Sea.
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung = Information on Fishery Research in 2010.
    Keywords: Biology ; recruitment ; Gadus morhua ; spawning areas ; Baltic Sea ; spawner activity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 62-70
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  • 8
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    In:  martina.bleil@vti.bund.de | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3198 | 1240 | 2012-11-10 14:13:37 | 3198 | Bundesforschungsanstalt für Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: About 1500 ovaries of Baltic cod were prepared for estimating the potential absolute and relative individual fecundity. The female cod were sampled in the Belt Sea, ICES Subdivision (SD) 22, in the Arkona Sea, SD 24, and in the Bornholm Sea, SD 25. The investigations started in1992 and until 1999 cruises were carried out to catch female cod in the different sub-divisions every year. The results shows that the potential fecundity is not a stable biological parameter, and that significant changes are possible within a relative short period. It was demonstrated that the developments of the potential individual fecundity of the western (Gadus morhua morhua) and eastern Baltic cod stocks (Gadus morhua callarias) were different. In contrast to the stable individual fecundity of the western cod the absolute and relative fecundity of the eastern repeat spawners increased from 1993 to 1999, significantly. The reason of this development seems to be the dramatic decrease of the eastern cod stock and the more successful reproduction of individuals that produce oocytes with a lower dry weight in combination with a higher relative fecundity.
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung = Information on Fishery Research in 2010.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; recruitment ; stock assessment ; fertility ; statistical analysis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 166-170
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  • 9
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    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3266 | 1240 | 2012-05-08 16:38:59 | 3266 | Bundesforschungsanstalt für Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: Analyses of the previous years showed that the reproductionof the Belt Sea cod stock (Gadus morhua morhua) is also very important for the cod stock of the central BalticSea (Gadus morhua calarias). Oeberst (1999, 2000) proved, that between 20 % and 50 % of the cods caught in the Bornholm Sea at the age of 2 or 3 years between 1994 and 1998, were spawned in the Belt Sea. On account of this large significance of the Belt Sea cod stock, information regarding the reproduction process are important. The goal of the article presented is the description of the actual spawning areas of the Belt Sea cod stock by means of the spatial distribution of the spawners based on characteristic parameters as the maturity stages andthe proportion of the sexes. The basis for these analysesare data sampled between 1992 and 1999. The analyses showed that the actual main spawning areas in the western Baltic Sea were the deeper regions of the Kiel Bay, of the Fehmarn Bay and of the western Mecklenburg Bay. In these regions spawning cods were regularly observed with high intensity. Furthermore, the deeper basin of the Arkona Sea is an important spawning area.
    Keywords: Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 186-190
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  • 10
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    In:  rainer.oeberst@vti.bund.de | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3273 | 1240 | 2012-11-10 17:44:47 | 3273 | Bundesforschungsanstalt für Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: Since 1977 larvae surveys have been carried out in the Greifswalder Bodden and the Strelasund every year to estimate an index of the year-class strength for the western Baltic herring stock. Different methods have been used to minimize the very extensive analytical work in the laboratory since 1993. As a further possibility the use of the mean dry weight of the larvae was investigated. This method was applied successfully to estimate the number of eggs in cod gonads. 88 samples of herring larvae were analysed. These experiments show that the use of themean dry weight of herring larvae is not suited to reduce the work in the laboratory, because the accuracy of the estimates is unacceptable.
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung = Information of Fishery research in 2010.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; laboratory analyses ; sample processing ; herring larvae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 17-20
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