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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterotrophic sulfur reduction by Thermotoga sp. strain FjSS3.B1 (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 96 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Thermotoga sp. strain FjSS3.B1 was able to reduce sulfur to sulfide when grown on a mineral medium with glucose as the sole carbon and energy source. There was no increase in specific growth yield coupled to sulfur reduction, but the specific growth rate, final growth yield, and tolerance of H2 were all increased in the presence of sulfur. At dissolved H2 concentrations, of 550 to 600 μmol/1 (at 77°C) growth was not possible unless sulfur was added. Glucose was fermented via the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway to lactate, acetate, H2 and CO2 (and other unidentified minor products). The thermodynamic problems associated with the relatively high redox potential electrons from the 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate/glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate couple (E′0=− 350 mV) are overcome by reducing sulfur to sulfide (E′0=− 270 mV) rather than the energetically unfavourable production of H2 (E′0=− 414 mV). Under high hydrogen partial pressures there was increased production of lactate as an alternative electron sink. The results indicate that sulfur reduction operates primarily as an electron sink rather than as a detoxification reaction or energy-generating mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05419.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of a strain of Bacillus schlegelii from geothermally heated antarctic soil (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 51 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bacterium capable of growth from 59 to 72° C was isolated from geothermal soil collected from Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarctica. The isolate was enriched in medium containing thiosulphate and bicarbonate. Subsequently the organism was found also to be capable of heterotrophic growth and autotrophic growth in the presence of hydrogen and carbon dioxide. In a comparison with Bacillus schlegelii and Bacillus tusciae the isolate most closely resembled B. schlegelii. This conclusion was supported by the finding that B. schlegelii is also capable of autotrophic growth using thiosulphate. The new isolate had a characteristic subunit layer on the cell wall which is typical of B. schlegelii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02968.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermus diversity and strain loss during enrichment (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 30 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The diversity of Thermus strains isolated from each of two New Zealand hot pools was examined by isolating partial SSU (16S) rRNA genes and comparing their sequences. Although all of the sequences were similar, several variants were found in each pool. Standard methods for the enrichment of Thermus were then carried out and the gene isolation and sequencing procedure was performed on the enriched isolates. The enrichments resulted in the maintenance of a single dominant strain from each pool and there was a complete loss of heterogeneity in the sequences. These results demonstrate that minor differences in SSU rRNA sequence are indicative of a physiological variance between strains which is of sufficient significance to provide selective advantage or disadvantage during enrichment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00644.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular diversity of thermophilic cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 28 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Many thermophilic bacteria belong to groups with deep phylogenetic lineages and ancestral forms were established before the occurrence of eucaryotes that produced cellulose and hemicellulose. Thus they may have acquired their β-glycanase genes from more recent mesophilic bacteria. Most research has focussed on extremely thermophilic eubacteria growing above 65°C under anaerobic conditions. Only recently have aerobic cellulolytic thermophiles been described from widely separated lineages (for example, Rhodothermus marinus, Caldibacillus cellulovorans). Many thermophilic bacteria produce cellulases and xylanases that have novel structures, with additional protein domains not identified with their catalytic activity. Many of these enzymes are multifunctional and code for more than one catalytic activity. This type of enzyme structure was first identified in the extreme thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus. There is a general relatedness evident between catalytic domains, cellulose binding domains and other ancillary domains, which suggests that there may have been significant lateral gene transfer in the evolution of these microorganisms. Detailed molecular studies show that there is variation in the sequences of these related but not identical genes from taxonomically widely-separated organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00565.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning, expression and characterisation of a Family B ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase activity from the hyperthermophilic crenarachaeon Aeropyrum pernix (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 202 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have cloned a Family B sugar kinase gene from the aerobic hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Aeropyrum pernix and have subsequently expressed the protein in Escherichia coli. The enzyme was purified with its associated histidine-tag by affinity chromatography with a nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid column followed by cation exchange chromatography and possesses a high degree of thermostable ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase activity. The enzyme has an estimated apparent Km for ATP and fructose-6-phosphate of 0.027 and 1.212 mM, respectively, that were determined in discontinuous assays at 95°C. The Family B ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase has a half-life of approximately 30 min at 95°C and is indicated to be monomeric. The implications of the presence of a Family B phosphofructokinase in the Crenarchaea are discussed with reference to the origins of the Embden–Meyerhof pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10784.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of phosphofructokinases by copper(II) (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 197 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The biochemical inhibition by Cu2+ on eight phylogenetically and biochemically different phosphofructokinases (PFKs) was investigated. The enzymes screened included representatives from thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria, a hyperthermophilic archaeon and a eukaryote, covering all three phosphoryl donor subtypes (ATP, ADP and pyrophosphate). The sensitivities of the enzymes to Cu2+ varied greatly, with the archaeal ADP-PFK being the least and the eukaryote ATP-PFK being the most sensitive. The bacterial ATP- and pyrophosphate-dependent PFKs showed intermediate sensitivity with the exception of the Spirochaeta thermophila enzyme (pyrophosphate-dependent) which was relatively resistant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10590.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical characterization of an active pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase from Treponema pallidum (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 194 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: An active pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase containing a six residue polyhistidine tag has been cloned from Treponema pallidum, and characterized biochemically. The phosphofructokinase has pH optima for activity of 8.0 for both the forward and reverse reactions. The apparent Km for pyrophosphate was 0.042 mM (Vmax of 141 U mg−1 protein) and for fructose-6-phosphate, 0.529 mM. The apparent Km for the reverse reaction for fructose-1,6-diphosphate was 0.267 mM (Vmax of 42.4 U mg−1 protein). The enzyme appears to be both a dimer and non-allosteric.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb09479.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The utilization of RAPD-PCR for identifying thermophilic and mesophilic Bacillus species (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 147 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting assay has been optimized that is able to discriminate between numerous thermophilic and mesophilic bacillus species and strains. Included in the analyses are thermophilic (able to grow at 55°C) strains of Bacillus stearothermophilus, B. kaustophilus, B. coagulans, B. sphaericus, B. thermodenitrificans, B. thermocatenulatus, B. thermoleovorans, B. licheniformis, B. brevis, B. thermoglucosidasius, B. caldolyticus, B. caldotenax, B. caldovelox, B. thermocloacae and B. smithii. Mesophilic strains of B. pumilus, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, B. circulans, B. cereus and B. mycoides can also be used for fingerprinting with the assay. Increasing the concentration of primer from 0.2 to 2.0 μM is shown to have a significant effect on increasing the number of amplification products that can be used for the discrimination or identification of individual strains or species. It is suggested that this may be a general way of improving the resolution of a RAPD protocol. The optimized conditions have been used successfully to trace B. stearothermophilus, B. licheniformis and other bacillus species and strains in an industrial setting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10223.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acidophilic and thermophilic Bacillus strains from geothermally heated antarctic soil (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 60 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacteria with temperature optima of 51–54°C and pH optima of 3.5–4.5 were isolated from geothermal soil collected from Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarctica. The isolates were enriched on medium designed for the growth of Thermoplasma but the strains found were members of the genus Bacillus. Comparisons with other thermophilic acidophilic Bacillus species indicate that the strains most strongly resemble B. acidocaldarius although their temperature optima and substrate utilisation spectrum differ from one another. These strains join B. schlegelii as being isolated from geothermal soils present on Mt. Erebus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03486.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous uptake and utilisation of glucose and xylose by Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 109 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth studies of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum Rt8.B1 demonstrated that glucose and xylose were used simultaneously when supplied together at nonlimiting concentrations in pH-controlled batch culture. Under conditions of hyperbolic growth, both catabolite repression and inducer exclusion were absent. Glucose did not repress xylose metabolism (i.e. xylose permease and xylose isomerase genes were expressed in the presence of glucose and were not subject to catabolite inhibition when glucose was added to cultures growing on high concentrations of xylose). The kinetics of glucose and xylose utilisation indicated that separate systems were present for the uptake of these substrates when supplied together. Glucose utilisation was biphasic, indicating high- and low-affinity systems for glucose uptake. Xylose utilisation was directly proportional to the xylose concentration, suggesting a facilitated diffusion mechanism was operative for uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06143.x
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