Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- About the Series Editor -- About the Editors -- Chapter 1: Extremophiles in Saline Environment: Potential for Sustainable Agriculture -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Microbial Diversity Under Saline and Drought Conditions -- 1.3 Plant Growth Promotion and Stress Tolerance -- 1.4 Mechanisms of Plant Growth Stimulation -- 1.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Insights into the Microbial Diversity in Saline-Alkaline Soils of China -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Characteristics and Distribution of Saline Soils in China -- 2.2.1 Distribution of Saline-Alkali Soil in Northwest China -- 2.2.2 Distribution of Saline-Alkali Soil in Northeast China -- 2.3 Culture-Independent Microbial Diversity and Its Related Influencing Factors in Saline Soils -- 2.3.1 Bacterial Diversity in Saline-Alkali Soil of Northeast China -- 2.3.2 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity in Saline-Alkali Soil of Northeast China -- 2.3.3 Archaeal Diversity in Saline-Alkali Soil of Northwest China -- 2.4 Culture-Dependent Haloalkaliphilic Resources from Saline Soils -- 2.4.1 Haloalkaliphilic Microorganisms in Northwest Saline-Alkali Soil -- 2.4.2 Haloalkaliphilic Microorganisms in Northeast Saline-Alkali Soil -- 2.5 Halophiles and Alkaliphiles in Biotechnology -- 2.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 3: Microbial Diversity of High-Altitude Geothermal Springs in Tajikistan -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Geothermal Springs in Tajikistan and their Geochemical Profiling -- 3.3 Bacterial Diversity of Geothermal Springs in Tajikistan Based on Cultivation-Dependent and Molecular Studies -- 3.4 Biotechnological Potential of Thermophilic Isolates Obtained from Tajik Geothermal Springs -- 3.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References. , Chapter 4: Study of Bacterial Diversity from Saline Environments (Salt Mines) of Pakistan and their Applications at Regional L... -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Phylogenetic Analysis of Halophiles -- 4.3 Strategies of Halophiles for Adaptation to High Salt Environments -- 4.4 Geographical Distribution of Salt Mines in Pakistan -- 4.5 Bacterial Diversity of Halophilic Environments in Pakistan by Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Methods -- 4.5.1 Methodology -- 4.6 Study of Bacterial Diversity by Culture-Dependent Method from Pakistan Salt Mines -- 4.6.1 Karak/Bahadur Khel Salt Mines -- 4.7 Validly Published Novel Bacterial Species Isolated from Karak Salt Mines, Pakistan -- 4.7.1 Bacillus pakistanensis sp. nov and Kushneria pakistanensis sp. nov -- 4.7.2 Khewra Salt Mines -- 4.8 Study of Bacterial Diversity by Culture-Independent Method from Pakistan Salt Mines -- 4.8.1 Karak/Bahadur Khel Salt Mines (16S rRNA Illumina Amplicon Sequencing) -- 4.8.2 Khewra Salt Mines (High-Throughput Sequencing of the 16S rRNA Gene) -- 4.9 Potential Applications of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Saline Habitats of Pakistan -- 4.10 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 5: Taxonomic Characteristics of Dominant Microbial Communities in Hot Spring Sediments in Western Georgia -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Zugdidi-Tsaishi Geothermal Field -- 5.3 Physicochemical Parameters of Geothermal Waters in the Zugdidi-Tsaishi Region -- 5.4 Taxonomic Profiles of the Thermal Spring Sediments -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Analysis and Characteristics of Thermal Springs in Kazakhstan -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Geographical Distribution and Formation of Geothermal Springs in the Territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan -- 6.2.1 Mangyshlak-Ustyurt System of Thermal Springs -- 6.2.2 Syrdarya Artesian System of Thermal Springs. , 6.2.3 Ili Artesian System of Thermal Springs -- 6.3 Microbiological Analysis -- 6.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria: A Brief Research Overview on Distribution in Armenia and Biotechnological Applicati... -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Ecology and Biodiversity of Photosynthetic Bacteria of Different Geographical Zones of Armenia -- 7.2.1 Photosynthetic Bacteria of Mineral Springs of Armenia -- 7.2.2 Photosynthetic Bacteria of Natural Water Sources of Armenia -- 7.2.3 Photosynthetic Bacteria of the Soda Saline Soils of the Ararat Valley -- 7.2.4 Taxonomy of Domestic Strains of Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria -- 7.3 The Importance of Photosynthetic Bacteria in Biotechnology -- 7.3.1 Enzymatic Activity of Photosynthetic Bacteria -- 7.3.1.1 Aspartase Activity -- 7.3.1.2 Aminoacylase Activity -- 7.3.1.3 Asparaginase Activity -- 7.3.2 Synthesis of Carotenoid Pigments by Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria -- 7.3.3 Synthesis of Vitamins -- 7.3.4 Synthesis of 5-aminolevulinic Acid -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: The Genus Thermus: A Brief History of Cosmopolitan Extreme Thermophiles: Diversity, Distribution, Biotechnological ... -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Taxonomy and Phylogeny -- 8.3 Morphology, Physiology, Metabolism, and Biochemical Characteristics -- 8.4 Ecology and Distribution -- 8.5 Genome Structure and Natural Competence -- 8.6 Biotechnological Potential and Applications of Thermus -- 8.6.1 Thermus as Source of Extremozymes -- 8.6.1.1 Lipolytic Enzymes -- 8.6.1.2 Proteases -- 8.6.1.3 Pullulanases, Xylanases, and Other Polymer Degrading Thermozymes -- 8.6.1.4 Nucleic Acid Manipulation Tools -- 8.6.1.5 Other Extreomyzemes with Biotechnological and Industrial Relevance -- 8.6.2 Host-Vector Systems and Cell Factories -- 8.6.3 Thermus as Metal-Converters and Possible Applications in Bioremediation -- 8.7 Conclusion. , References -- Chapter 9: Thermoacidophiles for Bioleaching of Copper -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Bioleaching of Sulfide Minerals -- 9.2.1 Mechanisms of Oxidation of Sulfide Minerals -- 9.2.2 Microorganisms Involved in the Leaching of Sulfide Minerals in Technological Processes -- 9.2.3 Factors Affecting the Intensity of Leaching of Sulfide Minerals in Technological Processes -- 9.2.3.1 Influence of the Composition of Microbial Consortia -- 9.2.4 Bioleaching of Chalcopyrite -- 9.2.4.1 Effect of Growth Conditions -- 9.2.4.2 Effect of Concentration of Substrate -- 9.2.4.3 Effect of pH -- 9.2.4.4 Effect of Pulp Density -- 9.2.4.5 Effect of Particle Size -- 9.2.4.6 Effect of Oxidative-Reductive Potential -- 9.2.4.7 Influence of Ferric Iron (Fe3+) -- 9.2.4.8 Tolerance of Microorganisms to Copper Ion -- 9.2.4.9 Oxidation of CuFeS2 by Mixed Cultures -- 9.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Extreme Thermophilic Microorganisms as an Unique Source of Inspiration for Next Generation Biotechnological Produc... -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Thermophilic Environments and Their Microbial Biodiversity -- 10.3 Thermophilic Microorganisms as a Unique Source of Inspiration for Next Generation Biotechnological Products -- 10.3.1 Enzymes -- 10.3.1.1 Proteases -- 10.3.1.2 Amylases -- 10.3.1.3 Lipases -- 10.3.2 Antimicrobial Agents -- 10.3.3 Biorefining -- 10.3.4 Biofuel -- 10.3.5 Biomining -- 10.3.6 Biosurfactant Production -- 10.3.7 Waste Treatment -- References -- Chapter 11: Biodiversity, Ecological, and Commercial Importance of Psychrophilic Microorganisms -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Cold Habitats -- 11.2.1 Atmosphere and Clouds -- 11.2.2 Snow -- 11.2.3 Cryoconite Holes -- 11.2.4 Glaciers -- 11.2.5 Permafrost -- 11.2.6 Deep Oceans -- 11.3 Adaptation in Psychrophiles -- 11.3.1 Cellular Mechanism of Cold Adaptation -- 11.3.2 Protein Adaptation to Cold. , 11.3.3 Enzyme Mechanism in Cold Adaptation -- 11.3.4 Other Factors Affecting Enzyme Adaptation -- 11.3.5 Cold-Adapted Enzymes and Climate Change -- 11.3.6 Ice Binding Proteins -- 11.3.6.1 Antifreeze Proteins (AFP) -- 11.3.6.2 Ice Nucleation Proteins (INP) -- 11.4 Biotechnological Applications -- 11.4.1 Applications in Agriculture -- References -- Chapter 12: Microbial Stress Response to Heavy Metals -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.1.1 Environmental Features of Heavy Metals -- 12.1.2 Effects of Heavy Metals on Plants -- 12.1.3 Mechanisms of Protection of Microorganisms from Toxic Effects of Heavy Metals -- 12.2 Methods -- 12.2.1 Determination of the Resistance of Micromycetes to Heavy Metals -- 12.3 Results and Discussion -- 12.3.1 Screening of Micromycetes Resistant to High Concentrations of Heavy Metals -- 12.3.2 Changes in the Content of Mobile Zinc in Soil Inoculated with Micromycetes -- 12.3.3 Study of the Effect of Micromycetes on Plant Resistance to Heavy Metals -- 12.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: Heavy Metal Resistance in Prokaryotes: Mechanism and Application -- 13.1 Heavy Metals and Its Toxicity on Microbes -- 13.2 Microbial Heavy Metal Transporters -- 13.3 Heavy Metal Resistance in Prokaryotes -- 13.3.1 Active Transport of Heavy Metals -- 13.3.2 CBA Family Transporters -- 13.3.3 CDF Family Transporters -- 13.3.4 P-Type ATPase Family Transporters -- 13.3.5 Limitation of Metal Intake Due to Changes in Cell Permeability -- 13.3.6 Intracellular Binding of Toxic Metals and Their Detoxification -- 13.3.7 Reduction of Heavy Metal Ions and Enzymatic Detoxification -- 13.4 Application and Prospects of Heavy Metal Resistant Microbes -- References -- Chapter 14: Bioremediation Potential of Soil Bacteria of Heavy Metal Polluted Environments of Kyrgyzstan -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Kyrgyz Republic -- 14.3 Uranium Tailings in Kyrgyzstan. , 14.3.1 Tailings Ponds and Dumps in the Ak-Tyuz Settlement.

Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Authors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1. Scales and Scale Effects -- 1.2. Multiscale Phenomena and Multiscale Analysis Methods -- 1.3. Fourier Series Methods in Scientific and Engineering Applications -- 1.4. Scope of this Book -- References -- Chapter 2: Fourier Series Expansions of Functions -- 2.1. Periodic Functions and their Fourier Series Expansions -- 2.2. Convergence of Fourier Series Expansionsin -- 2.3. Fourier Series for the Derivatives of Functions -- References -- Chapter 3: The Generalized Fourier Series with Accelerated Convergence -- 3.1. Improving the Convergence of Fourier Series -- 3.2. The Generalized Fourier Cosine Series Expansion with Accelerated Convergence -- 3.3. The Generalized Fourier Sine Series with Accelerated Convergence -- 3.4. The Generalized Fourier Series Expansion with Accelerated Convergence -- References -- Chapter 4: The Generalized Fourier Series Solutions of the Euler-Bernoulli Beam Equation -- 4.1. Linear Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients -- 4.2. Characteristic Solutions of the Beam Equation -- 4.3. Fourier Series Solutions of the Beam Problems -- 4.4. The Generalized Fourier Series Solutions -- 4.5. Convergence Assessment -- 4.6. Numerical Examples -- References -- Chapter 5: Fourier Series for the Derivatives of One-Dimensional Functions -- 5.1. Integral Formulas Regarding the Derivatives of Functions -- 5.2. Fourier Coefficients for the Derivatives of Functions -- 5.3. Examples -- 5.4. Sufficient Conditions for the Term-by-Term Differentiations of Fourier Series -- Chapter 6: Fourier Series for the Partial Derivatives of Two-Dimensional Functions -- 6.1. Integral Formulas Regarding Higher Order Partial Derivatives of Two-Dimensional Functions. , 6.2. Fourier Coefficients for Partial Derivatives of Two-Dimensional Functions -- 6.2.1. The Full-Range Fourier Series for the Partial Derivatives -- 6.2.2. The Half-Range Fourier Series for the Partial Derivatives -- 6.3. Examples -- 6.4. Sufficient Conditions for Term-by-Term Differentiations of the Fourier Series of Two-Dimensional Functions -- Appendix: Additional Integral Formulas -- Chapter 7: The Generalized Fourier Series of Functions -- 7.1. Structural Decompositions of One-Dimensional Functions -- 7.2. Generalized Fourier Series of One-Dimensional Functions -- 7.2.1. The Generalized Full-Range Fourier Series of One-Dimensional Functions -- 7.2.2. The Generalized Half-Range Fourier Cosine Series of One-Dimensional Functions -- 7.2.3. The Generalized Half-Range Fourier Sine Series of One-Dimensional Functions -- 7.3. The Polynomial-Based Generalized Fourier Series for One-Dimensional Functions -- 7.4. Examples -- 7.4.1. Error Indexes of the Series Approximations -- 7.4.2. Convergence Characteristics -- 7.4.3. Reproducing Property of Polynomials -- 7.4.4. Approximation Accuracy -- Chapter 8: The Generalized Fourier Series of Two-Dimensional Functions -- 8.1. Structural Decompositions of Two-Dimensional Functions -- 8.2. The Generalized Fourier Series Expansions for Two-Dimensional Functions -- 8.2.1. The Generalized Full-Range Fourier Series -- 8.2.2. The Generalized Half-Range Fourier Sine-Sine Series -- 8.3. The Polynomial-Based Generalized Fourier Series Expansions -- 8.4. Numerical Characteristics of the Generalized Fourier Series -- 8.4.1. Error Norms of Simultaneous Series Approximations -- 8.4.2. Convergence Characteristics -- 8.4.3. The Accuracy of the Generalized Fourier Series -- Chapter 9: Multiscale Fourier Series Methods for Linear Differential Equations. , 9.1. The Generalized Fourier Series Solutions of One-Dimensional Boundary Value Problems -- 9.1.1. The Generalized Full-Range Fourier Series Solutions -- 9.1.2. The Generalized Half-Range Fourier Cosine Series Solutions -- 9.1.3. The Generalized Half-Range Fourier Sine Series Solutions -- 9.2. The Generalized Fourier Series Solutions for Two-Dimensional Boundary Value Problems -- 9.2.1. The Generalized Full-Range Fourier Series Solutions -- 9.2.2. The Generalized Half-Range Fourier Sine-Sine Series Solutions -- 9.3. Limitations of the Polynomial-Based Generalized Fourier Series Methods -- 9.4. Determination of the General Solution -- 9.4.1. The General Solutions of One-Dimensional Boundary Value Problems -- 9.4.2. The General Solutions of Two-Dimensional Boundary Value Problems -- 9.5. Equivalent Transformation of the Solution -- 9.6. Introduction of the Supplementary Solution -- 9.7. The Multiscale Characteristic of the Solution -- 9.8. Solution Schemes -- Chapter 10: Multiscale Fourier Series Method for the Convection-Diffusion-Reaction Equation -- 10.1. Multiscale Fourier Series Solution for One-Dimensional Convection-Diffusion-Reaction Equation -- 10.1.1. Description of the Problem -- 10.1.2. The General Solution -- 10.1.3. The Supplementary Solution -- 10.1.4. The Particular Solution -- 10.1.5. The Multiscale Fourier Series Solution -- 10.2. One-Dimensional Numerical Examples -- 10.2.1. Convergence Characteristics -- 10.2.2. Computational Efficiency -- 10.2.3. Multiscale Characteristics -- 10.3. Multiscale Fourier Series Solution for Two-Dimensional Convection-Diffusion-Reaction Equationthe -- 10.3.1. Description of the Problem -- 10.3.2. The General Solution -- 10.3.3. The Supplementary Solution -- 10.3.4. The Particular Solution -- 10.3.5. The Multiscale Fourier Series Solution -- 10.4. Two-Dimensional Numerical Examples. , 10.4.1. Convergence Characteristics -- 10.4.2. Multiscale Characteristics -- References -- Chapter 11: Bending of Thick Plates on Elastic Foundations -- 11.1. Description of the Problem -- 11.2. The Multiscale Fourier Series Solutions -- 11.2.1. The General Solution of the Transverse Displacement -- 11.2.2. The General Solution of the Stress Function -- 11.2.3. Expressions of the Multiscale Fourier Series Solutions -- 11.2.4. Equivalent Transformation of the Solutions -- 11.2.5. Expressions of Stress Resultants -- 11.3. The Solution Obtained from the Energy Principle -- 11.4. Numerical Examples -- 11.4.1. Convergence Characteristics -- 11.4.2. Multiscale Characteristics -- References -- Chapter 12: Wave Propagation in Elastic Waveguides -- 12.1. Description of the Problem -- 12.2. The Multiscale Fourier Series Solutions -- 12.2.1. The Differential Equations of Modal Functions -- 12.2.2. Structural Decomposition of Modal Functions -- 12.2.3. Expressions of Boundary Functions Expanded along the y-Direction -- 12.2.4. Expressions of Boundary Functions Expanded along the x-Direction -- 12.2.5. Expressions of Internal and Corner Functions -- 12.2.6. Expressions of the Multiscale Fourier Series Solution -- 12.2.7. Expressions of Stress Resultants -- 12.3. Solving for Solutions -- 12.4. Numerical Examples -- 12.5. Wave Propagations in a Square Waveguide -- 12.5.1. Frequency Spectra -- 12.5.2. Wave Modes -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Foreword -- HCI International 2022 Thematic Areas and Affiliated Conferences -- List of Conference Proceedings Volumes Appearing Before the Conference -- Preface -- 19th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (EPCE 2022) -- HCI International 2023 -- Contents -- Cognition in Human-Centred Design -- Effects of Filled Pauses on Memory Recall in Human-Robot Interaction in Mandarin Chinese -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Materials -- 2.3 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Memory and Recall Accuracy -- 3.2 Post-study Interview Results -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Task Differences -- 4.2 Synthesized Filled Pauses -- 4.3 Naturalness vs. Friendliness -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Investigation of Temporal Changes of Gaze Locations During Characteristic Evaluation When Viewing Whole-Body Photos -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Analysis of Temporal Changes of the Gaze Locations -- 2.1 Hypotheses -- 2.2 Task -- 2.3 Stimulus Images -- 2.4 Settings -- 2.5 Gaze Measurement Procedure -- 2.6 Body Parts Used in Our Analysis -- 2.7 Calculation of the Temporal Changes of the Gaze Locations -- 3 Experimental Results -- 3.1 Analysis of the Average Temporal Changes of the Gaze Locations -- 3.2 Temporal Changes of the Gaze Locations of Each Participant -- 3.3 Comparison of the Temporal Changes of the Gaze Locations Between Characteristic Words -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Swiping Angles Differentially Influence Young and Old Users' Performance and Experience on Swiping Gestures -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Method -- 2.1 Users -- 2.2 Apparatus and Materials -- 2.3 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 3.1 The Analysis of the Allowable Number of Angles -- 3.2 The Analysis of Allowable Angle Range -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- Appendix A. Mean Values (Standard Error) of the Reaction Time (ms). , Appendix B. Mean Values (Standard Error) of the Accuracy (%) -- Appendix C. Mean Values (Standard Error) of the Speed (px/ms) -- Appendix D. Mean Values (Standard Error) of the Subjective Ratings -- References -- Development of a Concept of Operations for a Counter-Swarm Scenario -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Relevant Literature -- 3 Concept of Operations -- 3.1 Robotic Swarm ConOps for the Military Domain -- 4 Objectives -- 4.1 Main Aim and Progress of Work -- 4.2 Methods -- 5 Results -- 5.1 Summary of Interview Results -- 5.2 Main Elements of a ConOps for Counter-Swarming -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Integrated Sensors Platform -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Human-Centered Evaluations -- 3 Integrated Sensors Platform -- 3.1 Sensor Selection -- 3.2 Architecture -- 3.3 User Interface (Client) -- 4 Applications of ISP -- 5 Future Work -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Usability Evaluation of a Web Interface for Passengers' Health Monitoring System on Detecting Critical Medical Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Material -- 2.3 Research Design -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Demographics -- 3.2 Evaluation of the User Interface -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Proposed Improvements to the User Interface -- 4.2 Limitations -- 4.3 Prospect Studies -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Effects of Background Music on Visual Short-Term Memory: A Preliminary Study -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Literature Review -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Data Acquisition -- 2.3 Task -- 2.4 Procedure -- 2.5 Independent Variables -- 2.6 Dependent Variables -- 2.7 Data Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 CBT Scores -- 3.2 Beta Waves (13 to 30 Hz) -- 3.3 Theta Waves (4 to 8 Hz) -- 3.4 Alpha Waves (8 to 12 Hz) -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 CBT Scores -- 4.2 Beta Waves (13 to 30 Hz) -- 4.3 Alpha Waves (8 to 12 Hz) -- 4.4 Theta Waves (4 to 8 Hz) -- 5 Conclusion. , References -- Do Mathematical Typesetting Applications Affect User Manipulation of Fractions? Evidence from an Eye-Tracking Experiment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Effects of a Robot Human-Machine Interface on Emergency Steering Control and Prefrontal Cortex Activation in Automatic Driving -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Experimental Protocols and Measurements -- 2.2 Conventional HMI and Robot HMI Designs -- 2.3 Data Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Response to the Emergency Disconnection of LTA -- 3.2 Fatigue and Arousal from NIRS Study -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- The Influence of Font Size, Contrast, and Weight on Text Legibility for Wearable Devices -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study 1: The Legibility of Number -- 2.1 Method -- 2.2 Results -- 3 Study 2: The Legibility of Chinese Characters -- 3.1 Method -- 3.2 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Aesthetic Preference in the Composition Ratios of Graphic Designs -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Purpose -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participant -- 2.2 Material -- 2.3 Research Design -- 2.4 Stimulus -- 2.5 Procedure -- 3 Result -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Cognition at Work -- Influence of Technostress on Work Engagement and Job Performance During Remote Working -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Techno-Stressors -- 2.2 Strain -- 2.3 Job-Related Outcomes -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 4 Results -- 5 Discussion and Conclusion -- 6 Limitations and Future Research -- Appendix A -- References -- Applying Hierarchical Task Analysis to Identify the Needs of Intelligent Equipment for Traffic Police in China -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Study Design -- 2.2 Procedure -- 2.3 Data analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Overview of Goals -- 3.2 Tasks in the HTA -- 4 Discussion -- References. , Social Exposure and Burnout During the Pandemic: An Investigation on Three Different Positions of Frontline Metro Staffs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Research Design -- 2.2 Subjects -- 2.3 Measurement -- 2.4 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Descriptive Statistics for All Variables -- 3.2 One-Way Analysis of Variance -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- User-Centered Interface Design and Evaluation for Teleoperated Cranes with Boom Tip Control -- 1 Problem Statement -- 2 State of the Art -- 2.1 Current Crane Control -- 2.2 Research Approaches -- 2.3 Weaknesses of Current Controls -- 2.4 Research Gap and Proposed Solution -- 3 Intuitive Load Control -- 3.1 Research Questions -- 4 Study 1 -- 4.1 Methods -- 4.2 Results -- 4.3 Discussion -- 5 Study 2 -- 5.1 Methods -- 5.2 Results -- 5.3 Discussion -- 6 Discussion -- References -- A Study on the Influence of Personality on the Performance of Teleoperation Tasks in Different Situations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Teleoperation Experiment Platform -- 2.3 Independent Variables -- 2.4 Dependent Variables -- 2.5 Experimental Task and Procedure -- 2.6 Data Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Null Model -- 3.2 Random Coefficient Model -- 3.3 Intercept as Outcome Model -- 3.4 Slope as Outcome Model -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- An Emergency Centre Call Taker Task Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Recruitment -- 2.3 Procedure -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Organizational Context -- 3.2 Call Taker -- 4 Performance Metrics -- 5 Call Taking Challenges -- 5.1 Psycho-social Issues -- 5.2 Reliable Location Data -- 5.3 Computer Assisted Coding -- 5.4 Question Support -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Cognition in Aviation and Space -- Cultural Effects on the Selection of Aviation Safety Management Strategies. , 1 Introduction -- 1.1 National Cultural Values -- 1.2 Professional and Occupational Influences -- 1.3 Categorisation of Human Factors Intervention Approaches -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Research Design -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 3.1 Intervention Preferences Not Significantly Associated with National Culture -- 3.2 Workforce Preferences Reflect Frequency of Recommendation -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Improved Spectral Subtraction Method for Civil Aircraft Approach and Landing Crew Interactive Voice Enhancement -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Principle of Spectral Subtraction -- 3 Improved Spectral Subtraction -- 4 Experiment and Result Analysis -- 4.1 Data Sources -- 4.2 Experimental Results -- 4.3 MOS Scoring Standards -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Active Supervision in a Remote Tower Center: Rethinking of a New Position in the ATC Domain -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Remote Tower Center with Supervisor -- 3 Research Questions -- 4 Method -- 4.1 Participants -- 4.2 Design and Material -- 4.3 Procedure -- 4.4 Data Analysis -- 5 Results -- 5.1 SUP Workplace in General -- 5.2 Handling of SUP and ATCOs -- 6 Summary for the MRTO Concept -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Effects of Intensity of Short-Wavelength Light on the EEG and Performance of Astronauts During Target Tracking -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Scene Building -- 2.3 Lighting Conditions -- 2.4 Procedures -- 2.5 Signal Acquisition -- 2.6 Statistical -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Electroencephalogram (EEG) -- 3.2 Defferent Frequencies -- 3.3 Various Difficulties -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- The Effect of Pilots' Expertise on Eye Movement and Scan Patterns During Simulated Flight Tasks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Procedure -- 2.3 Apparatus -- 2.4 Eye Metrics -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Fixation Duration. , 3.2 Saccade Frequency.

Note: Intro -- Foreword -- HCI International 2021 Thematic Areas and Affiliated Conferences -- Contents -- Cognitive Psychology in Aviation -- Validation of Virtual Reality Cognitive Assessment for Pilots Across the Lifespan -- 1 Introduction and Background -- 1.1 Cognition and Flying -- 1.2 Ecological Validity of Cognitive Assessment Tools -- 1.3 VR Symptoms and Age -- 1.4 Present Research -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Study Instruments -- 2.3 Procedure -- 2.4 Study Measures -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Pilot Age and Expertise -- 3.2 Comparison of Performance in Full-Scale Versus VR Simulator -- 3.3 Simulator Preference and Cybersickness -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Culture's Consequences on the Categorisation of Causal Factors in Aviation Accident Reports -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Research Design -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 3.1 Statistical Analysis -- 3.2 Errors at the Operator Level -- 3.3 Supervisory and Organisational Errors Determined by Long-Term Orientation -- 3.4 Application of Findings -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Floating Iceberg Model of Psychological Competence Towards Airline Transport Pilots' Professionalism Lifecycle Management System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Progress on Psychological Competency -- 2.1 Mental Health -- 2.2 Professional Adaptability of Psychological Competence -- 2.3 Relationship Between Mental Health and Professional Adaptability -- 3 Floating Iceberg Model of Pilots' Psychological Competence -- 3.1 Structure of the Model -- 3.2 Mechanism of the Model -- 4 Professional Adaptability Assessment of PLM -- 5 Problems and Prospects -- References -- Evaluation of Fatigue Induced During the Flight Tasks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Apparatus -- 2.3 Experimental Design -- 2.4 Data Extraction -- 3 Experimental Results. , 3.1 Heart Rate Analyses -- 3.2 Pupil Diameter Analyses -- 3.3 Fixation Duration Analyses -- 3.4 Multiple Regression Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- The Relationship Between Cognitive Ability and Flight Driving Performance in Adolescent Pilot Cadets -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study 1: The Relationship Between Cognitive Abilities and Flight Driving Performance in Adolescent Cadets -- 2.1 Methods -- 2.2 Results -- 2.3 Discussion -- 3 Study 2: The Relationship Between Executive Function and Flight Driving Performance in Adolescent Pilot Cadets -- 3.1 Methods -- 3.2 Results -- 3.3 Discussion -- 4 Discussion -- References -- An Improved Washout Algorithm for UPRT Scenario -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Vestibular System -- 2.2 Classical Washout Algorithm -- 2.3 Washout Algorithm Based on Model Predictive Control (MPC Washout Algorithm) -- 2.4 Exponential Weighted Fusion Algorithm -- 3 Experimental Design and Result Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Emotional Stressor on Human Errors in Flight: A Heart Rate Variance Examination -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Equipment -- 2.3 Experimental Setting -- 2.4 Physiological Measures of Emotional Arousal Level -- 2.5 Statistical Analysis -- 3 Result -- 3.1 The Effect of Emotional Stressor on Arousal Level -- 3.2 The Effect of Emotional Stressor on Flight Errors -- 3.3 The Relationship Between Arousal Level and Flight Errors -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Multiple Physiological Indexes Analysis in Commercial Flight Tasks for Fatigue Evaluation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiment -- 2.1 Subjects -- 2.2 Equipment -- 2.3 Tasks and Procedures -- 3 Data Analysis -- 3.1 Workload Level Determination -- 3.2 Observation Analysis on Multiple Physiological Indexes -- 3.3 Multiple Linear Regression for Fatigue Evaluation -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References. , Electroencephalographic Signals and Pilot Situation Awareness During Simulated Flight: A Case for Enhanced Digital Technology in General Aviation -- 1 Introduction and Background -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Present Research -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Briefing -- 2.3 Materials -- 2.4 Flight Task Design -- 2.5 Behavioural Variables -- 2.6 EEG Variables -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Situation Awareness Analysis -- 3.2 Event-Related Potentials Analysis -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Cognitive Psychology in Air Traffic Control -- A Preliminary Field Study of Air Traffic Controllers' Fatigue for Interface Design -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiment -- 2.1 Study Design -- 2.2 Participants and Questionnaire Survey -- 2.3 Statistical Analysis -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Influence of Task Load -- 3.2 Influence of Working Schedule -- 3.3 Influence of Interaction Between Task Load and Working Schedule -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Supervising Multiple Remote Tower Operations: How to Develop and Test a New Work Position in the ATC Domain? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Design Procedure -- 3 Initial Concept Multiple Remote Center -- 4 Workshops -- 5 Results -- 6 Implication for Validations -- 7 Summary -- References -- Psychophysical Coherence Training Regulating Air Traffic Controller's Heart Rate Variability and Resilience to Fatigue -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Apparatus -- 2.3 Research Design -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Implementation Digital Tower for Apron Control on a Large-Scale of International Airport -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Research Framework -- 2.3 Scenario -- 2.4 Data Collection Process -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Task Decomposition on Apron Control -- 3.2 Application of HET for Error Prediction. , 3.3 Safety Assessment of Apron Control on Digital Tower -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Studies on Cognitive Processes -- How Metacognitive Monitoring Feedback Influences Workload in a Location-Based Augmented Reality Environment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Methods -- 3.1 Apparatus -- 3.2 Participants -- 3.3 Metacognitive Monitoring Techniques -- 3.4 Learning Content -- 3.5 Experiment Design -- 4 Results -- 5 Discussion and Conclusion -- 6 Limitations and Future Work -- References -- Effect of Height Perception on State Self-Esteem and Cognitive Performance in Virtual Reality -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Apparatus -- 2.3 Experimental Design -- 2.4 Procedure -- 2.5 Assessments -- 2.6 Data Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Letter Recall Task -- 3.2 Mental Rotation Task -- 3.3 State Self-Esteem -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- The Influence of Gender on Human's Cognitive Ability and the Correlation Research of Different Cognitive Dimensions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Subjects -- 2.2 Experiment Content -- 2.3 Experimental Process -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Verification and Elimination of Abnormal Data -- 3.2 The Influence of Gender on Cognitive Ability -- 3.3 Correlation of Different Cognitive Dimensions -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Neurophysiological Visual Classification Indicators in the Brain-Computer Interface -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- An Evaluation of Two-Dimensional Digital Input Models for Mathematical Structure: Effects on Working Memory, Cognitive Load, and Efficiency -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Task Efficiency -- 3.2 Cognitive Load -- 3.3 Working Memory Interference -- 3.4 Handwriting (control) -- 4 Conclusion and Future Work -- References. , Evaluation of Relationship Quality Within Dyads Through the Performance in Dual-Player Cooperative Tasks -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Relationship Quality Evaluation -- 1.2 Different Relationship Types, Different Context -- 1.3 Dual-Player Cooperative Tasks -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Participant -- 2.2 Materials and Tasks -- 2.3 Procedure of Experiment -- 2.4 Data Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Descriptive Statistics -- 3.2 Multi-variable Regression Model -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Cognitive Activity Recognition Based on Self-supervised Learning from EEG Signals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiment -- 2.1 Subjects -- 2.2 Equipment -- 2.3 Experiment Procedure -- 3 Data Preprocess Method -- 4 Methodology -- 4.1 Pre-training -- 4.2 Clustering -- 5 Result -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Human Error and Human Performance -- A Qualitative Study on the Workload of High-Speed Railway Dispatchers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Subjects -- 2.2 Interview Protocol -- 2.3 Card Sorting of IWS -- 2.4 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 3.1 A Brief Description of HSR Dispatchers' Work -- 3.2 The Antecedents of HSR Dispatchers' Workload -- 3.3 The Applicability Analysis of and Modification Suggestions for the IWS Scale -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Computer Aided Search Tasks in a Naturally Occurring Environment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Visual Search -- 2.2 Wayfinding, Navigation and Orientation -- 2.3 Optimal Foraging Behavior -- 2.4 Research in the Wild -- 2.5 Situation Awareness -- 3 Prototype Development -- 3.1 Functional Requirements of a New Technology -- 4 Method -- 4.1 Measurements and Recordings -- 4.2 Participants and Trial -- 4.3 Ethics -- 5 Results -- 5.1 Non-parametric Analysis of the Effects of Individual Factors -- 5.2 Presentation of Means -- 5.3 Correlations Between Measures -- 5.4 Interview Findings -- 6 Discussion. , 6.1 Performance.

Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- About the Editors -- 1: Insights into the Thermophile Diversity in Hot Springs of Pakistan -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 History -- 1.3 Thermal Environments and Biodiversity -- 1.4 General Features and Geography of Pakistan Hot Water Springs -- 1.5 Bacterial Diversity in Hot Water Springs of Pakistan -- 1.6 Survival Mechanisms at Thermophilic Environment -- 1.7 Types of Thermal Environments -- 1.7.1 Terrestrial Thermal Environments -- 1.7.2 Solar-Heated Environments -- 1.7.3 Marine Environments -- 1.7.4 Subsurface Environment -- 1.7.5 Anthropogenic Environments -- 1.7.6 Temporary Environments and Mesobiotic Environments -- 1.8 Diversity of Thermophiles -- 1.8.1 Cultural Diversity -- 1.8.2 Phylogenetic and Genetic Diversity -- 1.8.3 Metabolic Diversity -- 1.8.4 Ecological Diversity -- 1.9 Conclusion -- References -- 2: Hot Springs of India: Occurrence and Microbial Diversity -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Some Important Indian Hot Springs and Their Physicochemical Parameters -- 2.2.1 Jammu and Kashmir -- 2.2.2 Himachal Pradesh -- 2.2.3 Uttarakhand -- 2.2.4 Jharkhand -- 2.2.5 West Bengal -- 2.2.6 Odisha -- 2.2.7 Madhya Pradesh -- 2.2.8 Gujarat -- 2.2.9 Maharashtra -- 2.2.10 Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana -- 2.2.11 Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Andaman and Nicobar -- 2.3 Culture-Dependent Microbial Diversity Analysis and Bioactive Molecules from Indian Hot Springs -- 2.4 Whole-Genome Sequence of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Indian Hot Springs -- 2.5 Culture-Independent Microbial Diversity analysis of Indian Hot Springs -- 2.6 Conclusion -- References -- 3: Diversity of Thermophiles in Terrestrial Hot Springs of Yunnan and Tibet, China -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Terrestrial Hot Springs in Yunnan-Tibetan Geothermal Zone (YTGZ) -- 3.3 Culture-Dependent Microbial Diversity Analysis. , 3.3.1 Physicochemical Factors Structuring Microbial Diversity -- 3.3.2 Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Aquificae -- 3.3.3 Deinococcus-Thermus -- 3.3.4 Actinobacteria -- 3.3.5 Thermophilic Archaea -- 3.3.6 Thermophilic Virus -- 3.4 Culture-Independent Microbial Diversity Analysis -- 3.5 Function Genes and Ecology -- 3.5.1 Ammonia-Oxidizing Microorganisms -- 3.5.2 Archaeal accA Gene Genes -- 3.5.3 Arsenite-Oxidizing Microorganisms -- 3.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- 4: Microbial Diversity of Terrestrial Geothermal Springs in Lesser Caucasus -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Geographical Distribution and Physiochemical Profiling of Geothermal Springs -- 4.3 Microbiological Analysis -- 4.3.1 Cultivation-Independent Studies -- 4.3.2 Cultivation-Dependent Studies -- 4.4 Correlation Between Geophysiology and Microbiology of the Hot Springs in the Lesser Caucasus -- 4.5 Conclusion -- References -- 5: Geobacillus and Anoxybacillus spp. from Terrestrial Geothermal Springs Worldwide: Diversity and Biotechnological Applications -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Taxonomy and Species Diversity -- 5.2.1 The Genus Geobacillus -- 5.2.2 The Genus Anoxybacillus -- 5.3 Distribution of Geobacillus and Anoxybacillus in Terrestrial Hot Springs -- 5.4 Adaptations of Growth at High Temperatures -- 5.4.1 Adaptation of Membrane Phospholipid Composition at High Temperatures -- 5.4.2 Heat Shock Proteins -- 5.4.3 Protein and Enzyme Adaptation -- 5.4.4 Other Mechanisms for Thermostability -- 5.5 Biotechnological Potential of Geobacillus and Anoxybacillus Species -- 5.5.1 Amylases -- 5.5.2 Lipases/Esterases -- 5.5.3 Proteases -- 5.5.4 Xylanases -- 5.5.5 Cellulases -- 5.5.6 Exopolysaccharides -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References -- 6: Thermophiles and Their Exploration for Thermostable Enzyme Production -- 6.1 Introduction. , 6.2 Origin of Thermophilic Microorganisms in Time and Space -- 6.3 Mechanisms for High-Temperature Life -- 6.4 Ecology and Phylogeny of Thermophilic Microorganisms -- 6.5 Discovery of Novel Thermophilic Enzymes with Biotechnological Potential -- 6.5.1 Direct Screening in Microbial Collections -- 6.5.2 Metagenomic Approach for Discovering of Novel Enzymes -- References -- 7: Thermophilic Chemolithotrophic Bacteria in Mining Sites -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Extremely Acidic Environments -- 7.3 Biodiversity of Microorganisms -- 7.4 Moderate Thermophilic Bacteria -- 7.4.1 Morphology and Ultrastructure -- 7.4.2 Physiology -- 7.4.3 Oxidation of Iron and RISCs -- 7.4.4 Carbon Metabolism -- 7.4.4.1 Fixation of CO2 -- 7.4.4.2 Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle -- 7.4.5 Oxidation of Sulfide Minerals -- 7.4.5.1 Oxidation of Pyrite -- 7.4.5.2 Oxidation of Chalcopyrite -- 7.4.5.3 Bioleaching of Refractory Gold-Bearing Ore -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References -- 8: Thermophilic and Halophilic Microorganisms Isolated from Extreme Environments of Turkey, with Potential Biotechnological Applications -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Thermal Springs Studied in Turkey -- 8.3 Thermophilic Microorganisms Isolated and Identified in Turkey -- 8.3.1 Anoxybacillus -- 8.3.2 Geobacillus -- 8.3.3 Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Aeribacillus and the Other Thermophiles -- 8.4 Biotechnological Importance of Thermophiles Isolated in Turkey -- 8.4.1 Possible Applications Related to Enzyme Industry -- 8.4.2 Applications Related to Environmental Biotechnology -- 8.5 Hypersaline Environments of Turkey -- 8.6 Halophilic Microorganisms Isolated from Extreme Environments of Turkey and Their Possible Use in Biotechnology -- 8.6.1 Halophilic Archaea and Bacteria from Hypersaline Environments of Turkey. , 8.6.2 Biotechnological Applications of Halophilic Microorganisms Isolated in Turkey -- 8.7 Future Perspective -- References -- 9: Hypersaline Environments of Iran: Prokaryotic Biodiversity and Their Potentials in Microbial Biotechnology -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Hypersaline Lakes and Wetlands of Iran -- 9.2.1 Urmia Lake -- 9.2.1.1 Geographical Characteristic of Urmia Lake -- 9.2.1.2 Microbiology and Biodiversity of Microorganisms in Urmia Lake -- 9.2.1.3 Biotechnological Studies on Urmia Lake's Microorganisms -- 9.2.2 Aran-Bidgol Salt Lake -- 9.2.2.1 Geographical Characteristic of Aran-Bidgol Salt Lake -- 9.2.2.2 Microbiology and Biodiversity of Microorganisms in Aran-­Bidgol Salt Lake -- 9.2.2.3 Biotechnological Studies on Aran-Bidgol Salt Lake's Microorganisms -- 9.2.3 Howz Soltan Salt Lake -- 9.2.4 Maharloo, Tashk, and Bakhtegan Lakes -- 9.2.5 Gavkhooni Wetland -- 9.2.6 Meighan Wetland -- 9.2.7 Incheh Borun and Gomishan Wetlands -- 9.2.7.1 Incheh Borun Wetland -- 9.2.7.2 Gomishan Wetland -- 9.2.8 Badab-Soort Travertine Spring -- 9.2.9 Lut Desert -- 9.2.10 Other Saline Environments of Iran -- 9.3 Conclusion -- References -- 10: Halotolerant and Halophilic Microbes and Their Environmental Implications in Saline and Hypersaline Lakes in Qinghai Province, China -- 10.1 Distribution of Saline and Hypersaline Lakes in Qinghai Province, China -- 10.2 Microbial Diversity in Saline and Hypersaline Lakes of Qinghai Province, China -- 10.2.1 Cultivation-Based Bacterial Diversity -- 10.2.2 Cultivation-Independent Bacterial and Archaeal Diversity -- 10.3 Response of Microbial Functional Groups to Environmental Variables and Ecological Importance -- 10.4 Implications for Paleoenvironments in Qinghai Province -- 10.5 Closing Remarks and Future Perspectives -- References. , 11: Soil Salinity and Microbes: Diversity, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Soil Microbes and Microbial Diversity -- 11.2.1 Microbial Populations -- 11.2.2 Microbial Diversity -- 11.3 Beneficial Microbes -- 11.4 Conclusion -- References -- 12: Halophilic Actinobacteria Biological Activity and Potential Applications -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Where and How We Can Identify and Characterize Halophilic Actinobacteria -- 12.2.1 What Is Actinobacteria -- 12.2.2 Distribution of Actinobacteria in Nature -- 12.3 How We Can Make Morphological Observation of Actinomycetes -- 12.3.1 Identification of Actinobacteria -- 12.4 Industrially Important Enzyme Production by Halophilic Actinomycetes -- 12.4.1 Amylase Enzyme -- 12.4.2 Cellulose Enzyme -- 12.4.3 Lipase Enzyme -- 12.4.4 Protease Enzyme -- 12.5 Role of Halophilic Actinomycetes as Potential Producer of Bioactive Compounds -- 12.5.1 Antibacterial -- 12.5.2 Antifungal -- 12.5.3 Antiviral and Antitherapeutic -- 12.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- 13: Microbial Diversity in Asian Deserts: Distribution, Biotechnological Importance, and Environmental Impacts -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Deserts in Asia -- 13.3 Desert and Microbes -- 13.4 Microbial Community Assemblage in Asian Deserts -- 13.4.1 Cyanobacterial Mats -- 13.4.2 Desert Sands -- 13.4.3 Desert Halophyte -- 13.5 Environmental Significance -- 13.6 Environmental Impacts on Microbial Diversity -- 13.7 Conclusion -- References -- 14: Trichoderma from Extreme Environments: Physiology, Diversity, and Antagonistic Activity -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Growth of Trichoderma -- 14.2.1 Germination -- 14.2.2 Sporulation -- 14.3 Bioactivity of Trichoderma -- 14.3.1 Production of Enzymes -- 14.3.2 Production of Secondary Metabolites -- 14.4 Diversity of Trichoderma. , 14.5 Trichoderma as an Antagonistic BCA.

Note: Intro -- Foreword -- HCI International 2020 Thematic Areas and Affiliated Conferences -- Contents - Part I -- Contents - Part II -- Mental Workload and Performance -- Towards a Multimodal Measure for Physiological Behaviours to Estimate Cognitive Load -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Method -- 2.1 Stimuli -- 2.2 Participants and Procedure -- 2.3 Setup and Materials -- 2.4 Measurements -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Hypothesis H1a1 -- 3.2 Hypothesis H1b -- 3.3 Hypothesis H1a2 -- 3.4 Hypotheses H2 and H2a -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Mental Workload and Technostress at Work. Which Perspectives and Theoretical Frameworks Can Help Us Understand Both Phenomena Together? -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Mental Workload -- 4 Technostress -- 5 The HCI Perspective -- 6 Task-Technology Fit and Person-Technology Fit -- 7 Appropriation of Technologies -- 8 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Handling Design Tasks: Effects of Music on Mood and Task Performance -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Preparations -- 2.3 Experimental Design -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Task Performance of Repetitive Task -- 3.2 Task Performance of Creative Task -- 3.3 Physiological Measures -- 3.4 Assessment Questionnaire -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Relationship Between Thermal Sensation and Human Cognitive Performance Based on PMV -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Experimental Set-up -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Development of Quantitative Relationship -- 4.2 Comparison with Other Models -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- The Effect and the Efficiency Balance of Font Size and Font Color Change on the Human Memory in Chinese Vocabulary -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Factors Affecting Memory. , 2.2 Literature Review on the Relationship Between Attention and Memory -- 2.3 The Effect of Font Size on Reading Memory -- 2.4 The Effect of Colored Words on Reading Memory -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Design of Vocabulary Samples -- 3.2 Design of Intervals Task -- 3.3 Main Task -- 4 Result -- 4.1 Experimental Results -- 4.2 Feedback from Participants -- 5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- A Study on Search Performance and Threshold Range of Icons -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Subjects -- 2.3 Experimental Equipment and Experimental Procedures -- 3 Analysis and Results -- 3.1 Behavioral Data Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Effects of Digitally Typesetting Mathematics on Working Memory -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Working Memory Interference -- 3.2 Cognitive Load -- 3.3 Efficiency -- 3.4 Linear Regression Analysis on Working Memory Interference -- 4 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Ambiguous Goals During Human-Computer Interaction Induce Higher Mental Workload -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Procedure and Subjects -- 2.2 Tower of Hanoi -- 2.3 EEG, Heart Rate, and Performance Data -- 2.4 Statistical Analysis -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Research on Interface Complexity and Operator Fatigue in Visual Search Task -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Studies and Remaining Issues -- 2.1 Visual Fatigue -- 2.2 Interface Visual Complexity -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Experimental Materials -- 3.2 Subjects -- 3.3 Experimental Tasks -- 3.4 Experimental Process -- 4 Findings/Results -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Assessment of Mental Workload Using Physiological Measures with Random Forests in Maritime Teamwork -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Dataset -- 2.2 Workload Model Training. , 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 EEG-Based Assessment Model -- 3.2 Eye Movement-Based Assessment Model -- 3.3 ECG-Based Assessment Model -- 3.4 Performance-Based Assessment Model -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- The Effect of Time Pressure and Task Difficulty on Human Search -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Experimental Equipment -- 2.3 Pre-experimental -- 2.4 Eye Movement Experiment -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 The Effect of Time Pressure on Eye Movement -- 3.2 The Effect of Task Difficulty on Eye Movement -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Human Physiology, Human Energy and Cognition -- Human Energy in Organizations: Theoretical Foundations and IT-Based Assessment -- Abstract -- 1 Motivation and Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Human Energy and Its Assessment -- 2.2 Organizational Energy: Concepts and History -- 2.3 On the Relation Between Human Energy and Organizational Energy -- 3 Organizational Human Energy Mapping -- 4 Human Energy-Aware Business Process Management -- 5 Final Reflection and Outlook -- References -- Computer-Based Neuropsychological Theory of Mind Assessment: A Validation Study -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Theory of Mind -- 2 Method -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Augmented Energy for Locomotion: How Do Users Perceive Energy Dynamics in Prototypical Mobility Scenarios? -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Locomotion and Energy -- 1.2 Energy Dynamics Awareness -- 1.3 Present Research -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Sample -- 2.2 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Scale Analysis -- 3.2 Analysis of Variances -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- An Exploratory Study on the Perception of Optical Illusions in Real World and Virtual Environments -- 1 Introduction -- 2 System Architecture and Design -- 3 Systems Application and Workflow. , 4 Evaluation and Results -- 5 Summary and Future Work -- References -- Application of a Pictorial Scale of Human Energy in Ecological Momentary Assessment Research -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Relevance of Tracking Resource Statuses -- 1.2 Dynamics in Individual Resource Status: Human Energy -- 2 Development of a Pictorial Scale of Human Energy -- 2.1 The Value of Valid Measures in Experience Sampling Research -- 2.2 Developing a Brief and Valid Measure: A Pictorial Scale -- 3 Examination of the Pictorial Scale in the Context of Experience Sampling Research -- 3.1 Aims and Scope -- 3.2 Methods -- 3.3 Results -- 3.4 Implications -- 4 Application on an Individual Level -- 4.1 Importance of Personal Energy Management -- 4.2 Key Competences Self-reflection and Self-development -- 4.3 The Role of Technology -- 5 Application on an Organizational Level -- 5.1 Measurements and Aggregation -- 5.2 Energy Mapping and Analysis -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Using Guided Cognitive Illusions to Compensate for the Motion Limits of 4D Seats -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposal and Hypotheses -- 2.1 Proposal -- 2.2 Hypotheses -- 3 Experiment -- 3.1 Design of the Experiment and Test Material -- 3.2 Measures -- 3.3 Subjects -- 3.4 Apparatus -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Results of Experiment A -- 4.2 Results of Experiment B -- 4.3 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Fostering Flow Experience in HCI to Enhance and Allocate Human Energy -- Abstract -- 1 HCI in Production Work - State of the Art -- 2 Flow Experience as a Concept to Allocate and Enhance Human Energy -- 3 Physiological Measures of Flow Experience -- 4 Using Machine Learning to Identify a Real-Time Flow Measure -- 5 Task Characteristics that Foster Flow Experience -- 6 Translating Flow-Promoting Task Characteristics into the Design of Adaptive Support. , 7 Next Steps and Practical Implications -- References -- New Production Development and Research Based on Interactive Evolution Design and Emotional Need -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 GA -- 2.2 IGA -- 2.3 Fuzzy Kano Theory -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Implementation Strategy -- 3.2 Exploring the Attractive Factors of Production Form -- 3.3 Assessing the User Demand Attribute -- 3.4 Product Evolutionary Design Mechanism -- 3.4.1 The Evolution Process of IGA -- 3.4.2 Crossover and Mutation -- 3.4.3 Product Form Element Coding -- 3.4.4 Population Size and Initialized Population -- 3.4.5 Obtaining Individual Fitness -- 4 Case Study -- 4.1 Analyzing the Attractive Factors of Electric Bicycle -- 4.2 Discussing the Classification of Emotional Needs -- 4.3 Construction of Interactive Genetic Algorithm System -- 4.3.1 Individual Coding Mode -- 4.3.2 Parameter Settings -- 4.3.3 Contained Information of Interactive Interface -- 4.3.4 Results and Analysis -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Shared Mental Model Processing in Visualization Technologies: A Review of Fundamental Concepts and a Guide to Future Research in Human-Computer Interaction -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Shared Mental Model in Human-Computer Interaction -- 3 Theoretical Concept of Shared Mental Model -- 3.1 Properties of Shared Mental Model -- 3.2 Importance of Shared Mental Model -- 3.3 Types of Shared Mental Model -- 3.4 Aspects of Shared Mental Model -- 4 Evaluation for Shared Mental Model -- 4.1 Ways to Measure Shared Mental Model -- 4.2 Cognitive Task Analysis Approach -- 5 Role of Shared Visualisation to Support Shared Mental Model -- 5.1 Cognitive Artifacts -- 5.2 The Technological Approach Using Collaborative Visualisation -- 5.3 User Interaction in Shared Visualisation Technology -- 6 Future Research Directions. , 6.1 Shared Visualisation in Big Data and Visual Analytics.

Note: Literaturverz. S. 255 -267

Note: Wen-Hsiung Li's name appeared first on the previous ed , Includes bibliographical references (p. 441-466) and indexes , Previous ed. published under: Fundamental of molecular evolution / Wen-Hsiung Li. Sunderland, Mass. : Sinauer, 1991 - Includes bibliographical references and index