Note: Front Cover -- Plant Cold Hardiness and Freezing Stress: Mechanisms and Crop Implications -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Contents of Previous Volume -- Part I: Introduction -- CHAPTER 1. COLD HARDINESS AND STRESS RESEARCH: AN EVOLVING AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE -- REFERENCES -- Part II: Cold Acclimation -- CHAPTER 2. POTATO COLD ACCLIMATION -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. REVIEW OF POTATO COLD ACCLIMATION -- III. HYPOTHESIS -- IV. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- V. RESULTS -- VI. DISCUSSION -- VII. SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3. FACTORS INFLUENCING HARDENING AND SURVIVAL IN WINTER WHEAT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SINGLE PLANT SELECTION TECHNIQUES -- III. INDUCTION OF COLD HARDINESS -- IV. THE EFFECT OF CERTAIN STRESS FACTORS ON HARDENING -- V. MEMBRANES AND FROST DAMAGE -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4. MECHANISM OF WINTER WHEAT HARDENING AT LOW TEMPERATURE -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5. ON THE MECHANISM OF FREEZING INJURY AND COLD ACCLIMATION OF SPINACH LEAVES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. COLD ACCLIMATION OF SPINACH LEAVES -- III. NATURE OF FREEZING DAMAGE -- IV. SUGAR ACCUMULATION AND COMPARTMENTATION RELATED TO COLD-HARDENING -- V. CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6. A MECHANISM FOR FROST RESISTANCE IN EUCALYPTUS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS -- IV. DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7. A DEGREE GROWTH STAGE (°GS) MODEL AND COLD ACCLIMATION IN TEMPERATE WOODY PLANTS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. THE °GS MODEL -- III. °GS MEASUREMENTS -- IV. RELATIONSHIP OF COLD ACCLIMATION TO °GS -- V. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8. MAJOR ACCLIMATION IN LIVING BARK OF SEPT. 16 BLACK LOCUST TREE TRUNK SECTIONS AFTER 5 WEEKS AT 10°C IN THE DARK - EVIDENCE FOR ENDOGENOUS RHYTHMS IN WINTER HARDENING -- I. INTRODUCTION. , II. RESULTS -- III. DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9. INFLUENCE OF GROWTH AT COLD-HARDENING TEMPERATURE ON PROTEIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF RuBCase AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO ADAPTATION AND LEVITT'S SH HYPOTHESIS -- III. STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THYLAKOID POLYPEPTIDES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO COLD ADAPTATION AND LEVITT'S SH HYPOTHESIS -- IV. EFFECT OF GROWTH AT COLD-HARDENING TEMPERATURES ON THE STABILITY OF THE THYLAKOID CHLOROPHYLL-PROTEIN COMPLEXES -- V. SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10. TRANSITION OF LIPID METABOLISM IN RELATION TO FROST HARDINESS IN CHLORELLA ELLIPSOIDEA -- I. INTERRELATION AMONG DEVELOPMENT OF FROST HARDINESS, FORMATION OF FREE FATTY ACIDS, AND APPEARANCE OF LIPID BODIES -- II. A DISTINCT SHIFT OF LIPID SYNTHESIS FROM CHLOROPLASTS TO A CYTOPLASMIC SYSTEM DURING HARDENING -- III. SEPARATION OF TWO FATTY ACID SYNTHETASE SYSTEMS IN CHLORELLA -- IV. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 11. ISOENZYMES OF GLUCOSE 6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE IN RELATION TO FROST HARDINESS OF CHLORELLA ELLIPSOIDEA -- I. CHANGES IN THE ACTIVITIES OF G6P-DH AND 6PG-DH DURING HARDENING -- II. SEPARATION OF G6P-DH ISOENZYMES AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS -- III. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 12. EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ON THE GLUTATHIONE STATUS OF PLANT CELLS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 13. SORBITOL IN TRACHEAL SAP OF DORMANT APPLE (Malus domestica Borkh) SHOOTS AS RELATED TO COLD HARDINESS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- IV. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 14. ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES OF PLASMA MEMBRANE IN CORTICAL PARENCHYMA CELLS OF MULBERRY TWIG RELATED TO FREEZING TOLERANCE -- I. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- II. RESULTS. , III. DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Part III: Freezing Stress -- CHAPTER 15. EXTRAORGAN FREEZING OF PRIMORDIAL SHOOTS OF WINTER BUDS OF CONIFER -- I. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- II. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 16. LIQUID WATER DURING SLOW FREEZING BASED ON CELL WATER RELATIONS AND LIMITED EXPERIMENTAL TESTING -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. THEORY -- III. APPLICATION OF THEORY TO EXPERIMENT -- IV. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 17. CELL MEMBRANE ALTERATIONS FOLLOWING A SLOW FREEZE-THAW CYCLE: ION LEAKAGE, INJURY AND RECOVERY -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. FREEZING INJURY -- III. RECOVERY OF FREEZING INJURY -- IV. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 18. CHANGES IN ATPase ACTIVITY DURING FREEZING INJURY AND COLD HARDENING -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS -- IV. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 19. FREEZING-INDUCED MEMBRANE ALTERATIONS: INJURY OR ADAPTATION? -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS -- IV. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 20. FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION STUDIES ON PLASMA MEMBRANE ISOLATED FROM MULBERRY BARK TISSUES -- I. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- II. RESULTS -- III. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 21. FREEZING RESPONSE OF PLASMA MEMBRANE -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS -- IV. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 22. SURFACE LABELLING AND ISOLATION OF PLASMA MEMBRANE FROM SUSPENSION CULTURE OF ΒROME GRASS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 23. WINTER HARDINESS LIMITATIONS AND PHYSIOGRAPHY OF WOODY TIMBERLINE FLORA -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. TIMBERLINE ELEVATIONS -- III. TEMPERATURE AND THE TIMBERLINE ENVIRONMENT -- IV. FROST HARDINESS OF WOODY FLORA AT TIMBERLINE -- V. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 24. CHARACTERISTICS OF FREEZING AVOIDANCE IN COMPARISON WITH FREEZING TOLERANCE: A DEMONSTRATION OF EXTRAORGAN FREEZING -- I. SURVEY FOR THE NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF FREEZING AVOIDANCE -- II. CHARACTERISTICS OF FREEZING AVOIDANCE IN FLOWER BUDS -- III. CHARACTERISTICS OF FREEZING AVOIDANCE IN SEEDS -- IV. CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON OF FREEZING AVOIDANCE AND TOLERANCE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 25. TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON ACCLIMATION AND DEACCLIMATION OF SUPERCOOLING IN APPLE XYLEM -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- IV. DISCUSSION -- V. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 26. SUPERCOOLING ABILITY AND COLD HARDINESS OF RHODODENDRON FLOWER BUDS WITH REFERENCE TO WINTER WATER RELATIONS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SEASONAL CHANGES OF THE SUPERCOOLING ABILITY, KILLING TEMPERATURE AND WATER CONTENT IN FLOWER BUDS -- III. INTENSITY OF COLD ACCLIMATION IN WINTER FLOWER BUDS AND CHANGES IN WATER CONTENT WITHIN BUD TISSUES IN RESPONSE TO FREEZING -- IV. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 27. FREEZING AVOIDANCE BY SUPERCOOLING OF TISSUE WATER IN VEGETATIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES OF Juniperus virginiana -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- IV. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 28. FROST INJURY IN SUPERCOOLED LEAVES OF TUBER-BEARING SOLANUM SPECIES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SUPERCOOLING IN SOLANUM LEAVES -- III. FROST INJURY IN SUPERCOOLED PLANTS -- IV. PREVENTION OF SUPERCOOLING -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 29. POPULATION DYNAMICS OF EPIPHYTIC ICE NUCLEATION ACTIVE BACTERIA ON FROST SENSITIVE PLANTS AND FROST CONTROL BY MEANS OF ANTAGONISTIC BACTERIA -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 30. TYPOLOGY OF FREEZING PHENOMENA AMONG VASCULAR PLANTS AND EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS IN FROST ACCLIMATION -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. CATEGORIES OF FREEZING SUSCEPTIBILITY -- III. CATEGORIES OF FROST HARDENING -- IV. EVOLUTION OF RESISTANCE GRADIENTS ALONG ALTITUDINAL AND LATITUDINAL STRESS GRADIENTS -- V. ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DIVERSITY IN FREEZING RESISTANCE MECHANISMS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 31. FREEZING RESISTANCE OF TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST PLANTS IN RELATION TO THEIR LIFE FORM AND MICROHABITAT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. METEOROLOGICAL DATA -- IV. RESULTS -- V. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 32. FREEZING RESISTANCE AND THERMAL INDICES WITH REFERENCE TO DISTRIBUTION OF THE GENUS PINUS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- IV. SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 33. ADAPTATION TO COLD CLIMATE OF FERNS NATIVE TO HOKKAIDO WITH REFERENCE TO THE ALTERNATION OF GENERATIONS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS -- IV. DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 34. CRYOBIOLOGY OF ISOLATED PROTOPLASTS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. THE ISOLATED PROTOPLAST AS AN ARENA FOR CRYOBIOLOGY -- III. CRYOMICROSCOPY OF ISOLATED PROTOPLASTS -- IV. FREEZE-THAW INDUCED LESIONS IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE -- V. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 35. THE MECHANISM OF CRYOPROTECTION OF BIOMEMBRANE SYSTEMS BY CARBOHYDRATES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. CRYOPROTECTION BY LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT CARBOHYDRATES -- IV. CRYOPROTECTION BY POLYMERS -- V. CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 36. POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF MEMBRANE FLUIDITY CHANGES IN THE SURVIVAL OF PLANT CULTURED CELLS EXPOSED TO SUBFREEZING TEMPERATURES IN THE PRESENCE OF DMSO -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION. , II. MATERIALS AND METHODS.

Note: Cover -- Contents -- PART I. RESPONSES OF CHILLING-INSENSITIVE PLANTS TO LOW STRESS TEMPERATURES -- Chapter 1 The Induction of Cold Acclimation: The Role of Abscisic Acid -- Chapter 2 Metabolic Consequences of Low Temperature Stress in Chilling-Insensitive Plants -- Chapter 3 Alterations of Plasma Membranes Related to Cold Acclimation of Plants -- Chapter 4 Development at Cold-Hardening Temperatures: Membrane Assembly and Organization -- Chapter 5 The Role of Phenolic Compounds in Plant Stress Responses -- Chapter 6 Ethylene-Induced Stress Resistance -- Chapter 7 Environmental Control of Growth Behavior and Cold Hardiness in Arctic and Subarctic Plants -- Chapter 8 Low Temperature Injury in Winter Cereals -- Chapter 9 Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase as a Site of Functional Alteration during Cold Acclimation and Freezing Injury -- Chapter 10 Cryopresemation of Plant Cells and Organs -- Chapter 11 Properties of Peach Flower Buds which Facilitate Supercooling -- Chapter 12 Forcasting Hardiness for Winter Cold Protection in Peach Orchards -- PART II: RESPONSES OF CHILLING-SENSITIVE PLANTS TO LOW TEMPERATURE STRESS -- Chapter 13 Mefluidide: A Synthetic Chemical that Protects Corn and Rice Seedlings from Chilling Injury -- Chapter 14 Relation of Chilling Stress to Ethylene Production -- Index.

Note: Front Cover -- Plant Cold Hardiness and Freezing Stress: Mechanisms and Crop Implications -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Part I: Freezing Stress: An Overview -- CHAPTER 1. AN OVERVIEW OF FREEZING INJURY AND SURVIVAL, AND ITS INTERRELATIONSHIPS TO OTHER STRESSES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. FREEZING INJURY -- III. FREEZING SURVIVAL -- IV. METHODS OF ACHIEVING RESISTANCE -- V. INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN STRESSES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2. FREEZING PROCESSES AND INJURY IN PLANT CELLS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. EXTRACELLULAR FREEZING -- III. INTRACELLULAR FREEZING -- IV. FREEZING INJURY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3. ANALYSES OF FREEZING STRESSES AND PLANT RESPONSE -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. CRYODYNAMICS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4. FROST HARDENING AND FREEZING STRESS IN TUBER-BEARING SOLANUM SPECIES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. METHODS OF DETERMINING FROST HARDINESS -- III. FREEZING PROPERTIES -- IV. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS -- V. BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES -- VI. ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS -- REFERENCES -- Part II: Membranes -- CHAPTER 5. PLASMA MEMBRANE ALTERATIONS FOLLOWING COLD ACCLIMATION AND FREEZING -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. OSMOTIC SIMULATION OF FREEZE-THAW INJURY -- III. PROTOPLAST CONTRACTION -- IV. PROTOPLAST EXPANSION -- V. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SITE(S) OF INJURY -- VI. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6. CELL MEMBRANE PROPERTIES IN RELATION TO FREEZING INJURY -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. RECENT FINDINGS -- III. FURTHER EVIDENCE IN FAVOUR OF DAMAGE TO ACTIVE TRANSPORT SYSTEM -- IV. SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS -- V. PROPOSED HYPOTHESIS FOR A POSSIBLE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS LEADING TO CELL DEATH DURING FREEZING INJURY -- VI. SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7. PHOSPHOLIPID DEGRADATION AND ITS CONTROL DURING FREEZING OF PLANT CELLS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS. , IV. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- Part III: Acclimation -- CHAPTER 8. MECHANISM OF COLD ACCLIMATION IN HERBACEOUS PLANTS -- I. TEMPERATURE REQUIREMENTS -- II. LIGHT REQUIREMENTS -- III. FROST TOLERANCE IN RELATION TO THE GROWTH CESSATION -- IV. METABOLIC CHANGES -- V. DRIVING FORCES IN THE COLD ACCLIMATION PROCESS -- VI. ACCLIMATION EVENTS LEADING TO INCREASED FROST TOLERANCE -- VIII. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS MECHANISMS RELATIVE TO COLD HARDINESS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. HISTORICAL -- III. SOLUBLE AND MEMBRANE PROTEINS -- IV. NUCLEIC ACIDS -- V. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS -- VI. ENZYMES -- VII. DEHARDENING -- VIII. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10. THE ROLE OF WATER IN COLD HARDINESS OF WINTER CEREALS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. WATER CONTENT -- III. WATER DISTRIBUTION -- IV. FREEZING OF EXTRACELLULAR AND INTRACELLULAR WATER -- V. PROPERTIES OF INTRACELLULAR WATER -- VI. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 11. STUDIES ON FROST HARDINESS IN CHLORELLA ELLIPSOIDEA: EFFECTS OF ANTIMETABOLITES, SURFACTANTS, HORMONES, AND SUGARS ON THE HARDENING PROCESS IN THE LIGHT AND DARK -- SUMMARY -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. ABBREVIATIONS -- III. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 12. COLD ACCLIMATION OF CALLUS CULTURES OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS -- IV. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- Part IV: Supercooling -- CHAPTER 13. THE OCCURRENCE OF DEEP UNDERCOOLING IN THE GENERA PYRUS, PRUNUS AND ROSA: A PRELIMINARY REPORT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. DEEP UNDERCOOLING IN THE GENUS PYRUS -- III. COLD INJURY AND DEEP UNDERCOOLING IN PYRUS -- IV. DEEP UNDERCOOLING IN THE GENUS PRUNUS -- V. DEEP UNDERCOOLING IN THE GENUS ROSA -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 14. LOW TEMPERATURE EXOTHERMS IN XYLEMS OF EVERGREEN AND DECIDUOUS BROAD-LEAVED TREES IN JAPAN WITH REFERENCE TO FREEZING RESISTANCE AND DISTRIBUTION RANGE -- I. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- II. RESULTS -- III. DISCUSSION -- IV. CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 15. RESISTANCE TO LOW TEMPERATURE INJURY IN HYDRATED LETTUCE SEED BY SUPERCOOLING -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 16. THE ROLE OF BACTERIAL ICE NUCLEI IN FROST INJURY TO SENSITIVE PLANTS -- ABSTRACT -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- Part V: Survival and Breeding -- CHAPTER 17. ADAPTING COLD HARDINESS CONCEPTS TO DECIDUOUS FRUIT CULTURE -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. METHODOLOGY -- III. BASIC CONCEPTS -- IV. CULTURAL MEASURES TO REDUCE INJURY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 18. EFFECT OF SOLAR RADIATION ON FROST DAMAGE TO YOUNG CRYPTOMERIAS -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- III. RESULTS -- IV. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 19. FREEZE SURVIVAL OF CITRUS TREES IN FLORIDA -- I. GENERAL FREEZE PATTERNS -- II. FREEZE SURVIVAL -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 20. BREEDING AND SELECTING TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS FOR COLD HARDINESS -- I. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION OF COLD HARDINESS -- II. METHODS FOR MEASURING PLANT HARDINESS -- III. STUDIES CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE INHERITANCE OF COLD HARDINESS -- IV. POTENTIAL GERMPLASM FOR IMPROVING COLD HARDINESS OF TEMPERATE FRUIT SPECIES BY BREEDING -- V. THE RELATIONSHIP OF DEEP SUPERCOOLING TO THE NORTHERN LIMITS OF FRUIT PRODUCTION AND BREEDING COLD HARDY CULTIVARS. -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 21. BREEDING FROST-RESISTANT POTATOES FOR THE TROPICAL HIGHLANDS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. METHODOLOGY -- III. RESULTS -- IV. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Part VI: Cryopreservation and Cryoprotection -- CHAPTER 22. SURVIVAL OF PLANT GERMPLASM IN LIQUID NITROGEN -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 23. ULTRACOLD PRESERVATION OF SEED GERMPLASM -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SOURCES OF SEED GERMPLASM LOSS -- III. SEED VIABILITY DECLINATION -- IV. ULTRACOLD PRESERVATION -- V. PHYSICAL CONSIDERATIONS-LIQUID NITROGEN VS. MECHANICAL REFRIGERATION -- VI. CRYOGENIC SEED PRESERVATION INVESTIGATIONS -- VII. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES -- VIII. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 24. EFFECTS OF COMBINATIONS OF CRYOTPROTECTANTS ON THE FREEZING SURVIVAL OF SUGARCANE CULTURED CELLS -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION: SIGNIFICANCE AND BENEFIT OF STABLE, LONG-TERM PRESERVATION OF PLANT TISSUES -- II. ARTIFICIAL IMPROVEMENTS IN FREEZE-TOLERANCE OF PLANT TISSUES -- III. USE OF COMBINATIONS OF CRYOPROTECTANTS ON SUGARCANE CELLS -- IV. CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Part VII: Special Topics -- CHAPTER 25. PLANT COLD HARDINESS SEMINAR SUMMARY AND GENERAL REMARKS -- I. SEMINAR SUMMARY -- II. ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS STATEMENT-RESOLUTION -- III. RESOLUTION -- CHAPTER 26. SUMMARY OF THE PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE FIRST EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON "WINTER HARDINESS IN WOODY PERENNIALS," SEPTEMBER, 1977 -- REFERENCES -- Index.