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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steroid Therapy and the Endometrium: Biological and Clinical Implications (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 622 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb37874.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tyrosine Hydroxylase Phosphorylation in Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin Cells: The Role of Intracellular Ca2+ in the Histamine H1 Receptor-Stimulated Phosphorylation of Ser8, Ser19, Ser31, and Ser40 (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 64 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Tyrosine hydroxylase (TOH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis, is regulated by phosphorylation. Activation of histaminergic H1 receptors on cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells stimulated a rapid increase in TOH phosphorylation (within 5 s) that was sustained for at least 5 min. The initial increase in TOH phosphorylation (up to 1 min) was essentially unchanged by the removal of extracellular Ca2+. In contrast, the H1-mediated response was abolished by preloading the cells with BAPTA acetoxymethyl ester (50 µM) and significantly reduced by prior exposure to caffeine (10 mM for 10 min) to deplete intracellular Ca2+. Trypticphosphopeptide analysis by HPLC revealed that the H1 response in the presence or absence of extracellular Ca2+ resulted in a major increase in the phosphorylation of Ser19 with smaller increases in that of Ser40 and Ser31. In contrast, although a brief stimulation with nicotine (30 µM for 60 s) also resulted in a major increase in Ser19 phosphorylation, this response was abolished in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. These data indicate that the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ plays a crucial role in supporting H1-mediated TOH phosphorylation and may thus have a potentially important role in regulating catecholamine synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64031370.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-frequency behavior of waveguide integrated photodiodes monolithically integrated on InP using optical butt coupling (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2511-2516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: p-i-n photodiodes with integrated optical waveguides were successfully fabricated in the GaInAsP/InP material system. This integration leads to optoelectronical integrated circuits of significantly increased functionality, and it also offers the possibility to build high-speed detectors with high quantum efficiency. Butt-joint coupling between waveguide and photodiode was used allowing smallest detector sizes. Selective embedded growth of the photodiode layer stack was accomplished by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy on partially masked substrates. This technique was proven to be suitable for device fabrication. To study the influence of the lateral growth interface between waveguide and the photoabsorbing GaInAs material, the spacing d between interface and p region of the photodiode was varied between 0 and 4 μm. The detector bandwidth is not limited by the electrical RC time constant up to frequencies of 50 GHz for devices with an active area of 10×11 μm2. Best values for the quantum efficiency and the electrical 3 dB cutoff frequency of 65% and 8 GHz are obtained. Both decrease strongly with increased spacing d due to an enhanced diffusion component and an increase of carriers trapping and recombination effects at the growth interface. This interpretation of the experimental data was well confirmed by a detailed analysis of the dynamic device behavior based on analytical calculations of the physical transport mechanisms. Consequently, for a redesigned photodiode the distance d has to be minimized as far as possible. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363959
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Twenty-four-hour melatonin and cortisol plasma levels in relation to timing of cluster headache (1995)
    USA/Oxford, UK : American Association for the Study of Headache/Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 15 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The cyclic recurrence of cluster periods and the regular timing of headache occurrence in cluster headache (CH) induced us to study the circadian secretion of melatonin and cortisol in 12 patients with episodic CH, during a cluster period, and compare them with 7 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Blood was sampled every 2, h for 24 h. All subjects were confined to a dark room from 22.00 to 08.00. Plasma melatonin levels were significantly reduced in CH patients (repeated measures ANOVA p 〈 0.03; mesor p 〈 0.02), and the cortisol mesor was significantly increased (p 〈 0.03). Amplitudes and acrophases did not differ between the groups. Individual cosinor analysis showed that 412 (33.3%) CH patients had no significant melatonin rhythm, and that 5/11 (45.5%) had no cortisol rhythm. Group analysis of cosinor revealed significant rhythmicity of melatonin and cortisol secretion in both groups. In controls, the timing of melatonin and cortisol acrophase significantly correlated with each other, indicating that the biorhythm controllers for the secretion of these hormones were synchronized. Such correlation was not found in the CH patients; mesor, amplitude and acrophase of melatonin and cortisol did not correlate with duration of illness, duration of headache in course, or time since last headache attack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1995.015003224.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melatonin versus placebo in the prophylaxis of cluster headache: a double-blind pilot study with parallel groups (1996)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A fall in nocturnal plasma melatonin occurs in patients with cluster headache, suggesting that melatonin may play a role in the promotion of attacks. During a cluster period, we administered melatonin to 20 cluster headache patients (2 primary chronic, 18 episodic) in a double-blind placebo-controlled study of oral melatonin 10 mg (n=10) or placebo (n=10) for 14 days taken in a single evening dose. Headache frequency was significantly reduced (ANOVA, p〈0.03) and there were strong trends towards reduced analgesic consumption (ANOVA, p〈0.06) in the treatment group. Five of the 10 treated patients were responders whose attack frequency declined 3–5 days after treatment, and they experienced no further attacks until melatonin was discontinued. The chronic cluster patients did not respond. No patient in the placebo group responded. There were no side effects in either group. Although the response rate is low, melatonin may be suitable for cluster headache prophylaxis in some patients, particularly those who cannot tolerate other drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1607494.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Internal ophthalmoplegia associated with migraine attacks (1994)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The case of a young woman presenting with repeated headache episodes associated with right eye midriasis is described. CT scan, MR of the brain and selective cerebral angiography were unremarkable. Tyramine eyedrop response suggested parasympathetic hypofunction on the affected side. The diagnosis of ophthalmoplegic migraine is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.1406461.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The insulin tolerance test and ovine corticotrophin-releasing-hormone test in episodic cluster headache II: comparison with low back pain patients (1994)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Hypothalamic involvement has been invoked to explain the periodicity of the cluster periods and rhythmicity of the pain attacks in cluster headache. To explore this hypothesis the ovine corticotrophin-releasing hormone (o-CRH) and the insulin tolerance test were administered to a group of episodic cluster headache sufferers during both cluster period and remission. A group of low back pain patients and healthy subjects comprised the control populations. For the o-CRH test, 7 healthy subjects, 7 low back pain patients, 6 cluster headache patients in remission, and 12 in cluster period were studied. Five healthy subjects, 7 low back pain patients, 6 cluster headache patients in remission, and 9 in cluster period were administered the insulin tolerance test. Significantly increased basal cortisol levels were found in cluster headache patients in both illness phases (p 〈 0.0001), but not in low back pain patients. Significantly reduced cortisol response to the o-CRH test was observed in cluster headache patients in both phases compared to healthy controls (p 〈 0.02.). A blunted ACTH and cortisol response (p 〈 0.0001 and p 〈 0.003 respectively) to the insulin tolerance test was present in cluster headache patients in both phases of the illness compared to healthy subjects and low back pain patients. On the contrary, the ACTH surge after insulin induced hypoglycemia was significantly increased in the low back pain patient group (p = 0.02). These results suggest that the altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responsiveness in cluster headache patients is not a consequence of the pain, and point to a central, probably hypothalamic derangement in this pathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.1405357.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of International Headache Society diagnostic criteria: a reliability study (1994)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In 1988 the International Headache Society (IHS) introduced new diagnostic criteria for headaches and craniofacial pain. Since headaches can be diagnosed solely on the basis of information provided by the patient, it is essential that the criteria are reproducible and consistent. Two neurologists evaluated the clinical records of 100 consecutive outpatients and transferred the data on headache and associated phenomena to a form designed to reflect the IHS criteria. Interobserver concordance (kappa statistics) in the application of the diagnostic criteria of primary headaches was: (i) “perfect” to “substantial” for the first IHS digit, being kappa = 1.0 for cluster headache and paroxysmal hemicrania; kappa = 0.88 for migraine; kappa = 0.75 for tension-type headache; (ii) “almost perfect” to “substantial” for the second digit (kappa = 0.94 for cluster headache; kappa = 0.90 for migraine with aura; kappa = 0.81 for episodic tension-type headache; kappa = 0.78 for migraine without aura; kappa = 0.71 for chronic tension-type headache; kappa = 0.66 for cluster headache-like disorder not fulfilling the criteria; (iii) “moderate” for migrainous disorder (kappa = 0.48) and headache of the tension-type (kappa = 0.43) not fulfilling the criteria. These results show that the IHS diagnostic criteria are satisfactorily applicable to high quality medical records abstracted by experienced neurologists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.1404280.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukocyte subsets and cortisol serum levels in patients with migraine without aura and chronic tension-type headache (1994)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Leukocyte subsets, serum cortisol and immunoglobulin production were investigated in a group of 12 migraine without aura patients, 12 chronic tension-type headache patients and compared with findings in 12 healthy controls. Chronic tension-type headache patients had statistically significant increased levels of B-lymphocytes (CD19 + cells) (p 〈 0.05), while migraine sufferers had a similarly significant decrease in CD8 + T-lymphocytes (p 〈 0.05). Migraine patients also had an increased percentage of B-lymphocytes although this failed to reach statistical significance. Immunoglobulin production and cortisol serum levels did not differ in the two headache groups. We conclude that the observed abnormalities in tension-type headache and migraine are unlikely to be a consequence of pain or of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.1402139.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroendocrine dysfunction in cluster headache (1990)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 10 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Current views on cluster headache pathogenesis indicate a primary central nervous system dysfunction, in particular a hypothalamic involvement. To confirm the hypothalamic involvement in cluster headache we evaluated the hypothalamic-pituitary axis responsiveness with the thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) test. A dose of 200 μg of TRH was administered i.v. to nine healthy controls, 32 patients with cluster headache during cluster period and 16 in remission period. Delta maximum thyrotrophin (TSH) was significantly lower in patients with cluster headache during cluster period (p 〈 0.05 versus healthy controls and cluster headache patients in remission). No difference was observed between healthy controls and cluster headache patients in remission. A monoaminergic dysfunction at the hypothalamic level is hypothesized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1990.1005235.x
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