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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Food and Chemical Toxicology 20 (1982), S. 591-594 
    ISSN: 0278-6915
    Keywords: [abr] GLC; Gas-liquid chromatography ; [abr] TLC; thin-layer chromatography
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Biochemistry 12 (1980), S. 1003-1006 
    ISSN: 0020-711X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 234 (1958), S. 46-65 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 234 (1958), S. 455-473 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 236 (1959), S. 300-300 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 243 (1962), S. 293-294 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 257 (1967), S. 331-331 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 261 (1968), S. 42-58 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Liver ; Hyperplasia ; Hypertrophy ; Mitosis ; Degree of Ploidy ; Leber ; Hyperplasie ; Hypertrophie ; Mitosen ; Ploidiegrad
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Benutzung eines elektronischen Partikelzählgerätes erlaubt eine schnelle und exakte Bestimmung von Zahl und Ploidiegrad der in der Leber enthaltenen Zellkerne. Die Darstellung geeigneter Kernpräparationen wird beschrieben und die Brauchbarkeit der Methode durch Vergleich mit herkömmlichen Zählverfahren belegt. Mit Hilfe des Verfahrens wurden Kernzahl und Ploidiegrad in der Leber von Ratten verschiedenen Alters und von solchen Tieren bestimmt, die zuvor α-HCH und Phenobarbital erhalten hatten. Die beiden Substanzen führen zu einer Vermehrung der Zellkerne und des Anteils tetraploider Kerne. Ähnliche Veränderungen sind beim altersabhängigen Wachstum der Tiere zu beobachten. Unter dem Einfluß von α-HCH und Phenobarbital zeigt sich im histologischen Schnitt eine Steigerung der Mitose-Rate. Diese Befunde belegen, daß Fremdstoffe in der Leber nicht nur eine Hypertrophie, sondern auch eine Hyperplasie, also eine Vermehrung der Parenchymzellen auslösen können; α-HCH ist in dieser Hinsicht wirksamer als Phenobarbital. Die toxikologische Bedeutung dieser Veränderungen wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The use of an electronic particle-counting device permits the rapid and accurate determination of the number and the degree of “ploidy” of cell nuclei contained in liver. The preparation of a suitable suspension of liver cell nuclei is described and the reliability of the method is demonstrated by comparing it with counting techniques in current use. The method has been used to determine the number and the “ploidy” of cell nuclei in the liver of rats which had been given α-benzene hexachloride (α-BHC=α-HCH) or phenobarbital. Either substance produces an increase in both the total number of nuclei and in the percentage of tetraploid nuclei. There is a concomitant increase in the number of mitoses seen in histological sections. These findings show that foreign substances not only produce hypertrophy of the liver but also hyperplasia, i.e. an increase in the number of parenchymal cells. α-BHC is more potent in this respect than phenobarbital. The toxicological significance of these effects is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 261 (1968), S. 26-41 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Liver ; Growth ; DNA ; Drugs ; Induction ; Leber ; Wachstum ; DNS ; körperfremde Stoffe ; Induktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Verabreichung der drei körperfremden Stoffe α-HCH, Phenobarbital und CFT 1201, führt zu einer Vergrößerung der Leber bei Ratten. Zeitlicher Verlauf und Ausmaß dieser Gewichtszunahme wurden untersucht und ihre Ursachen studiert. Das relative Lebergewicht 7 Wochen alter weiblicher Ratten wird durch einmalige Gabe von α-HCH um 45%, durch mehrmalige Gaben um maximal 100% erhöht. Es steight nach wiederholter Verabreichung von Phenobarbital um 35%, von CFT 1201 um 14%. Die Organvergrößerungen sind nach Absetzen der Substanzen weitgehend reversibel. Das Ausmaß der Gewichtszunahme ist altersabhängig. α-HCH und Phenobarbital bewirken in der Leber eine Zunahme von Protein, Lipoid, Glykogen und Wasser in physiologischen Relationen; CFT 1201 verursacht eine Verfettung des Organs. α-HCH und Phenobarbital lösen keine histologisch nachweisbaren Zellschädigungen aus. Unter α-HCH und Phenobarbital ist eine Vermehrung der Leber-DNS nachweisbar; der Zuwachs an DNS ist prozentual jedoch geringer als der Zuwachs an Lebermasse. Beide Substanzen beschleunigen den Einbau von radioaktivem Thymidin in Leber-DNS — bei HCH-Verabreichung bis zum Zehnfachen der Kontrollwerte. Die Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, daß α-HCH und Phenobarbital in der Leber Wachstumsvorgänge auslösen, die mit einer Neu-Synthese von DNS einhergehen.
    Notes: Summary The administration to rats of α-benzene hexachloride (α-BHC=α-HCH) or of phenobarbital, substances known to enhance the metabolism of drugs, or of CFT 1201 (β-diethylaminoethyl phenyldiallylacetate), an agent which inhibits drug metabolism, leads to an enlargement of the liver. In this study the time-course of the changes in liver weight has been followed and the factors underlying this process have been studied. In 7 weeks old female rats the relative weight of the liver increases after a single dose of α-BHC by 45%, and after repeated doses by up to 100%. After repeated doses of phenobarbital the maximum gain in weight is 35% and after CFT 1201 14%. The enlargement of the organ is largely reversible when the substances are withdrawn. The extent of the weight gain is dependent on age. α-BHC and phenobarbital produce an increase, in physiological proportions, in the liver content of protein, lipids, glycogen and water. They do not produce cell damage, as judged by light microscopy. In contrast, CFT 1201 causes fatty infiltration of the organ. Following the administration of α-BHC and of phenobarbital the DNA content of the liver rises. The rise is not proportional to the increase in liver size. Both α-BHC and phenobarbital accelerate the incorporation of labelled thymidine into liver DNA. After α-BHC the rate of incorporation is up to ten times that of controls. It is concluded from these results, that α-BHC and phenobarbital initiate growth processes in the liver which are accompanied by de novo synthesis of DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 274 (1972), S. 154-170 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Nikethamide Biotransformation ; Nikethamide Tolerance ; Enhanced Drug Detoxication ; Hexachlorocyclohexane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Nicotinic acid monoethylamide, nicotinamide, and nikethamide-N-oxide have been identified, by cocrystallization with authentic carriers, as major products of the biotransformation of tritiated nikethamide in the rat. Nicotinic acid appears to be a minor metabolite of the analeptic in this species. 2. Both N-desalkylation and N-oxidation of nikethamide are enhanced in rats given 200 mg/kg of alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane once i.p. The beta- and gamma-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane, when tested for their effect on the capacity of rat liver to desethylate the analeptic in vitro, have been found to be as affective as the alpha-isomer. 3. A convulsive dose of nikethamide given i.p. is shown to become ineffective in rats pretreated with alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane primarily as a consequence of accelerated biotransformation of the analeptic. 4. Rats can be made tolerant of nikethamide by daily injection of a convulsive dose of the drug for four to five days. Such animals metabolize 3H-nikethamide faster than non-tolerant controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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