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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A spectroscopic ellipsometry study of cerium dioxide thin films grown on sapphire by rf magnetron sputtering (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 5369-5376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) has been used in the photon energy range 1.25–5.0 eV to study the structure and optical properties of cerium dioxide (CeO2) films. Both amorphous and highly oriented crystalline films were grown on sapphire by rf magnetron sputtering. The crystallinity, chemical structure, and surface morphology of the films were studied by x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy, respectively. The measured VASE spectra on a series of films with different thicknesses were analyzed by using multiple optical models. In this way, the complex refractive index N=n+ik of CeO2, the film thicknesses, and the surface roughness of the different films could be determined. The ellipsometrically deduced refractive index spectrum was observed to be strongly dependent on the film structure. Highly oriented crystalline CeO2 films exhibited a higher refractive index and a higher band gap energy than the amorphous film. The surface roughness of the crystalline films increased with film thickness. The optical dispersion relations have also been analyzed by line-shape fitting with a modified Lorentz oscillator model. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359225
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoluminescence properties of ZnGa2O4:Mn powder phosphors (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 5691-5695 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The results of a systematic photoluminescence study of ZnGa2O4:Mn powder phosphor are reported. At room temperature this phosphor exhibits bright green luminescence with a spectral peak at 2.46 eV and Commission International de l'Eclairage chromaticity coordinates of x=0.073 and y=0.696. At low temperatures the luminescence was found to consist of three components assigned to the 4T1–6A1 inner transition of the 3d electrons of Mn2+ ions located on three different sites of the host crystal. Selective excitation and lifetime measurements were used to investigate the assignment of these features. The photoluminescence lifetime showed a single exponential decay of about 4 ms and at T=1.6 K an optical-phonon-related fine structure [Ephonon=(8.2±0.2) meV] of the main photoluminescence line was observed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359627
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Green phosphor for low-voltage cathodoluminescent applications: SrGa2S4:Eu2+ (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 158-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The optical and physical properties of a low-voltage phosphor, SrGa2S4:Eu2+, are reviewed. This phosphor has excellent chromaticity and high luminous efficiency at excitation voltages 〈3 kV and at high drive current (∼100 μA/cm2). At high current densities this phosphor was found to have superior saturation properties compared to current phosphors. This is attributed to the fast decay time of this phosphor, which is expected to enhance its resistance to saturation. Recent studies show that this phosphor has good maintenance properties. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120674
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Saturation of 1.064 μm absorption in Cr,Ca:Y3Al5O12 crystals (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 2958-2960 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Saturation absorption experiments are conducted on the title compound at 1.064 μm with laser light propagating along both the [001] and [111] crystallographic axes. Rotation of the crystals about these axes during the experiments reveals that the transmission of the polarized 1.064 μm radiation is highly anisotropic in the saturation regime. The details of the anisotropy and saturation curves are explained using a simple model of subsets of optical centers along with a relevant set of rate equations. The ground and excited-state absorption cross sections at 1.064 μm are calculated to be σgs=5.7(±2)×10−18 cm2 and σes=8(±2)×10−19 cm2, respectively, and the optimum crystallographic orientation for utilization in optical devices is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108030
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activator recycling in low voltage cathodoluminescent phosphors (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 1759-1761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Cathodoluminescent phosphors excited at low voltages and high current densities often exhibit brightness saturation due to ground state depletion. A two-level model can be used to show that the luminance and saturation behavior of low voltage phosphors can be greatly improved by choosing phosphors with an activator decay time that is considerably less than the excitation dwell time. This is of considerable importance for field emission displays, where saturation due to ground state depletion has been found to be a factor limiting the achievement of the necessary luminance. Thus, fast activators may overcome ground state depletion and can lead to brighter displays. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119391
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical Solution to Salt Lake Valley Smoke Nuisance (1935)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 27 (1935), S. 1278-1283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50311a011
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue specificity and induction of class I, II and III chitinases in barley (Hordeum vulgare) (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 89 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) were found to be distributed and induced in highly tissue specific patterns. Out of 6 chitinases investigated 3 were present in leaves and only a class II chitinase (molecular mass 24 846 ± 5 Da, pI≥9.8) was markedly induced in leaves heavily infected with powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei). The class II chitinase and a novel class III chitinase (molecular mass 30 kDa, pI≥9.8) were found in intercellular washing fluid of leaves, suggesting extracellular deposition. Neither of these two proteins were induced after infiltration of sodium salicylate (2 mM, pH 6.5) or nickel chloride (2 mM). The class III chitinase showed exochitinase activity in addition to endochitinase activity. No grain specific chitinases were found in leaves after any of the stresses applied. In contrast, 3 grain specific chitinases and one of the leaf chitinases were found in in vitro cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1993.tb05203.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two temperature-sensitive photosystem II mutants of pea (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 49 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Two nuclear gene mutants of pea, chlorotica-887 and chlorina-5756, are temperature-sensitive in the development of photosystem II activity. Low temperature flourescence emission spectra of leaves show that the peak at 697 nm from the reaction center of photosystem II is present when the mutants have been grown at 18°C, but absent when they have been grown at 30°C. For leaves of chlorina-5756 grown at 18°C the relative size of the peak at 697 nm is reduced compared to that of leaves of the wild type or chlorotica-887 grown at this temperature. Flourescence induction curves of leaves from wild type plants and chlorotica-887 grown at 18°C possess two steps, while those of leaves from chlorina-5756 grown at 18°C or 30°C and chlorotica-887 grown at 30°C show at fast rise to the maximal level of fluorescence. Measurements on chloroplasts isolated from the mutants indicated that the photosystem I activity per g leaf material is comparable for plants grown at 18°C and plants grown at 30°C. In contrast, no photosystem II activity was detected when the mutants had been grown at 30°C. It is suggested that these mutants are affected in a component required for the assembly of functional photosystem II complexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1980.tb02641.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nebulisead Sodium Cromoglycate in the Treatment of Wheezy Bronchitis A Multicentre Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Study (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 41 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The efficacy of nebulised sodium cromoglycate (SCG)used as a prophylactic treatment of wheezy bronchitis aged 1 to 4 years was evaluated in a Multicentre double blind placebo), preceded by 4–8 weeks baseline. Nebulished SCG did not prove significantly superior to placebo in reducing day wheezing, day coughing, or sleep disturbance due to wheezing or coughing at night. Neither was there significant difference in the use of supportive medicine (β2-agonist and preference did not show significant difference either.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb02027.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A short timescale for terrestrial planet formation from Hf–W chronometry of meteorites (2002)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 418 (2002), S. 949-952 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Determining the chronology for the assembly of planetary bodies in the early Solar System is essential for a complete understanding of star- and planet-formation processes. Various radionuclide chronometers (applied to meteorites) have been used to determine that ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature00995
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