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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Environmental Tracers in Subsurface Hydrology. (1999)
    New York, NY :Springer,
    Details
    Keywords: Radioactive tracers in hydrogeology. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (535 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781461545576
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=3081746
    DDC: 551.49/028
    Language: English
    Note: ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS IN SUBSURFACE HYDROLOGY -- Editor's page -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 DETERMINING TIMESCALES FOR GROUNDWATER FLOW AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT -- 2 INORGANIC IONS AS TRACERS 1Andrew L. Herczeg and 2W. Mike Edmunds -- 3 ISOTOPE ENGINEERING-USING STABLE ISOTOPES OF THE WATER MOLECULE TO SOLVE PRACTICAL PROBLEMS -- 4 RADIOCARBON DATING OF GROUNDWATER SYSTEMS -- 5 U-SERIES NUCLIDES AS TRACERS IN GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY -- 6 RADON-222 -- 7 SULPHUR AND OXYGEN ISOTOPES IN SULPHATE -- 8 STRONTIUM ISOTOPES -- 9 NITRATE ISOTOPES IN GROUNDWATER SYSTEMS -- 10 CHLORINE-36 -- 11 ATMOSPHERIC NOBLE GASES -- 12 NOBLE GAS RADIOISOTOPES: 37Ar, 85Kr, 39Ar, 81Kr -- 13 3H AND 3He -- 14 4He IN GROUNDWATER -- 15 CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS -- 16 δ11 B, RARE EARTH ELEMENTS, δ37Cl, 32Si, 35S, 129l -- APPENDIX 1: STABLE ISOTOPE NOTATION AND FRACTIONATION -- APPENDIX 2: DECAY CONSTANTS AND HALF-LIVES OF RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES -- APPENDIX 3: SOLUBILITIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL GAS TRACERS -- APPENDIX 4: LIQUID AND GAS-PHASE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS -- Index.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geochemical Processes During Five Years of Aquifer Storage Recovery (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 42 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: A key factor in the long-term viability of aquifer storage recovery (ASR) is the extent of mineral solution interaction between two dissimilar water types and consequent impact on water quality and aquifer stability. We collected geochemical and isotopic data from three observation wells located 25, 65, and 325 m from an injection well at an experimental ASR site located in a karstic, confined carbonate aquifer in South Australia. The experiment involved five major injection cycles of a total of 2.5 × 105 m3 of storm water (total dissolved solids [TDS] ∼ 150 mg/L) into the brackish (TDS ∼2400 mg/L) aquifer. ∼60% of the mixture was pumped out during the fifth year of the experiment. The major effect on water quality within a 25 m radius of the injection well following injection of storm water was carbonate dissolution (35 ± 6 g of CaCO3 dissolved/m3 of aquifer) and sulfide mineral oxidation (50 ± 10 g as FeS2/m3 after one injection). 〈 0.005% of the total aquifer carbonate matrix was dissolved during each injection event, and ∼0.2% of the total reduced sulfur. Increasing amounts of ambient ground water was entrained into the injected mixture during each of the storage periods. High 14CDIC activities and slightly more negative δ13CDIC values measured immediately after injection events show that substantial CO2(aq) is produced by oxidation of organic matter associated with injectant. There were no detectable geochemical reactions while pumping during the recovery phase in the fifth year of the experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02691.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial and Temporal Variability of Ground Water Recharge in Central Australia: A Tracer Approach (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 40 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Two environmental tracer methods are applied to the Ti-Tree Basin in central Australia to shed light on the importance of recharge from floodouts of ephemeral rivers in this arid environment. Ground water carbon-14 concentrations from boreholes are used to estimate the average recharge rate over the interval between where the ground water sample first entered the saturated zone and the bore. Environmental chloride concentrations in ground water samples provide estimates of the recharge rate at the exact point in the landscape where the sample entered the saturated zone. The results of the two tracer approaches indicate that recharge rates around one of the rivers and an extensive flood-plain are generally higher than rates of diffuse recharge that occurs in areas of lower topographic relief. Ground water 2H/1H and 18O/16O compositions are all depleted in the heavier isotopes (δ2H = -67%0 to -50%0; 518O = -9.2%0 to -5.7%0) compared with the long-term, amount-weighted mean isotopic composition of rainfall in the area (δ2H = -33.8%0; δ18O = -6.3%0). This indicates that recharge throughout the basin occurs only after intense rainfall events of at least 150 to 200 mm/month. Finally, a recharge map is developed to highlight the spatial extent of the two recharge mechanisms. Floodout recharge to the freshest ground water (TDS 〈1000 mg/L) is ∼1.9 mm/year compared with a mean recharge rate of ∼0.2 mm/year to the remainder of the basin. These findings have important implications for management of the ground water resource.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2002.tb02536.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method for monitoring temporal trends in the acidity of fresh waters (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 315 (1985), S. 133-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A method that accurately and precisely yields hydrogen-ion activity is needed for the following reasons: (1) Aquatic biota are sensitive to hydrogen-ion activity. Most laboratory bioassay experiments refer to changes in, for example, quantity, distribution and viability of a given species as a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/315133a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A stable carbon isotope study of dissolved inorganic carbon cycling in a softwater lake (1987)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 4 (1987), S. 231-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: Lake carbon cycle ; stable carbon isotopes ; dissolved inorganic carbon ; gas exchange ; net photosynthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) cycle in a softwater lake was studied using natural variations of the stable isotopes of carbon,12C and13C. During summer stratification there was a progressive decrease in epilimnion DIC concentration with a concomitant increase in δ13CDIC), due to preferential uptake of12C by phytoplankton and a change in the dominant CO2 source from inflow andin situ oxidation to invasion from the atmosphere. There was an increase in hypolimnion DIC concentration throughout summer with a concomitant general decrease in δ13CDIC from oxidation of the isotopically light particulate organic carbon that sank down through the thermocline from the epilimnion. Mass balance calculations of DI12C and DI13C in the epilimnion for the summer (June 23–September 25) yield a mean rate of net conversion of DIC to organic carbon (Corg) of 430 ± 150 moles d-1 (6.5 ± 1.8 m moles m-2 d-1. Net CO2 invasion from the atmosphere was 420 ± 120 moles d-1 (6.2 ± 1.8 m moles m-2 d-1) with an exchange coefficient of 0.6 ± 0.3m d-1. These results imply that at least for the summer months the phytoplankton obtained about 90% of their carbon from atmosphere CO2. About 50% of CO2 invasion and conversion to Corg for the summer occurred during a two week interval in mid-summer. DIC concentration increased in the hypolimnion at a rate of 350 ± 70 moles DIC d-1 during summer stratification. The amount of DIC added to the hypolimnion was equivalent to 75 ± 20% of net conversion of DIC to Corg in the euphotic zone over spring and summer implying rapid degradation of POC in the hypolimnion. The δ13C of DIC added to the deep water (-22‰.) was too heavy to have been derived from oxidation of particulate organic carbon alone. About 20% of the added DIC must have diffused from hypolimnetic sediments where relatively heavy CO2 (-7‰) was produced by a combination of POC oxidation and as a by-product of methanogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02187369
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