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  • 1
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 S., 1,20 MB)
    Language: German
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMU 81Z1200214 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 16 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction: Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a potential complication of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using radiofrequency energy. The aim of our study was the evaluation of the severity and long-term outcome of primary angioplasty and angioplasty with pulmonary vein stenting for PVS. Methods and Results: Twelve patients with 15 PVS (greater than 70% stenosis) were prospectively evaluated. Primary dilation of the stenosis was performed because of clinical symptoms (10 patients) and/or the lung perfusion scans showed a significant perfusion defect (11 patients). Magnetic resonance imaging and lung perfusion scans performed before, directly after, during 3-month, and 6-month follow-up. In the stenting group additional multislice CT-scans directly after, during 6-month, and 12-month follow-up were performed.Within 2 months after primary balloon angioplasty, the PV size parameters were significantly reduced (P 〈 0.001) with recurrence of PVS in 11 of 15 PVs (73%). Pulmonary vein stenting in 8 patients and 11 PVs resulted in no vein stenosis during 12-month follow-up. Normalization of lung perfusion was noted in 8 of 12 patients. We observed 2 patients with hemoptysis during PV dilation, as severe complications with potential life-threatening character. Conclusion: PVS stenting seems to be superior to balloon angioplasty and effective at least over a period of 12 months in treating acquired PVS after pulmonary vein isolation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of interventional cardiology 13 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report a 64-year-old patient with single vessel coronary disease who initially underwent PTCA and stent implantation for a complex RCA lesion. The patient was subsequently readmitted for unstable angina pectoris after 2 and 6 months. Coronary angiograms each time revealed subtotal reocclusions of the target vessel due to in-stent restenosis. At 2 months, the patient underwent rotational atherectomy and additional stent implantation, During the second reintervention at 6 months rotational atherectomy was followed by implantation of two membrane-covered stent deployed within the conventional stents (stent-indent). Subsequently, the patient remained asymptomatic. Control angiography after 5 months revealed only minor stent lumen loss not requiring reintervention. Membrane-covered stents appear to be a promising alternative to reduce the incidence and degree of in-stent restenosis in selected lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 54 (2003), S. 425-435 
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin receptor binds fibrinogen and is therefore a final common pathway responsible for platelet aggregation. One antibody (abciximab) and two synthetic compounds (tirofiban and eptifibatide) are clinically available to antagonize the function of this receptor. Several large-scale studies have documented the benefit of these compounds in acute coronary syndromes and during percutaneous interventions. Current data suggest that abciximab is the preferred drug in the catheterization laboratory, whereas the other compounds reduce risk for patients with unstable angina before coronary interventions are performed. The highest benefit is achieved in diabetic patients and in patients with elevated troponins. Adverse reactions are rare, and bleeding complications are minor when weight-adjusted heparin is given. Oral compounds have been associated with excess mortality, precluding their clinical use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , U.S.A . : Blackwell Publishing Inc
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 26 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: ERDOGAN, A., et al.: Quality-of-Life in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation After Catheter Ablation: Results of Long-Term Follow-Up. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) significantly impairs patients' quality-of-life (QOL). The effect on QOL of recently developed ablation techniques with curative intention has not been studied. Thirty patients (21 men, age 54.1 ± 9.5 years) with PAF (duration 5.6 ± 5.2 years) who failed antiarrhythmic (3.8 ± 1.2 trials) drug therapy underwent catheter ablation. The follow-up time was 33.9 ± 11 months. QOL was assessed preablation, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 36 months after catheter ablation. The Medical Outcomes Survey Short-Form (SF-36), scored on a 0–100 scale for each of eight domains: bodily pain, general health, mental health, physical functioning, role-emotional, role-physical, social functioning, and vitality, was used. Simultaneously, patients filled out a symptom-specific checklist (SSC) with seven clinical items scored 1–4 (1 best): dyspnea, nausea, palpitations, anxiety, syncope, presyncope, and NYHA classification. Patients with successful catheter ablation had a significant benefit in seven of eight subscales while patients with recurrence had an impact on QOL in two of eight subscales. Using SSC, a successful ablation influenced scores in all seven items while patients with recurrence had a significant change of clinical symptoms in only one item, anxiety. The subscales of the study group compared to a healthy population show higher scores after 24 months of follow-up. Patients with PAF experience a significant improvement in QOL after a successful catheter ablation. In contrast, in patients with recurrence of PAF the QOL showed improvement to a lesser extent and patients experienced ongoing symptoms. (PACE 2003; 26:678–684)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 28 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Aim of this invasive study was to characterize and quantify changes in left ventricular (LV) systolic function due to sequential biventricular pacing (BV) as compared to right atrial triggered simultaneous BV (BV0), LV, and right ventricular (RV) pacing in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: In 22 CHF patients, all in sinus rhythm, temporary multisite pacing was performed prior to implantation of a permanent system. LV systolic function was evaluated invasively by the maximum rate of LV pressure increase (dP/dtmax). Sequential BV pacing was performed with preactivation of either ventricle at 20–80 ms. Results: In comparison to RV pacing, LV and BV0 pacing increased dP/dtmax by 33.9 ± 19.3% and 34.0 ± 22.6%, respectively (P 〈 0.001). In 9 patients, optimized sequential BV pacing further improved dP/dtmax by 8.5 ± 4.8% compared to BV0 (range 3.3–17.1, P 〈 0.05). In 10 patients exhibiting a PR interval ≤200 ms, LV pacing was either superior (n = 6) or equal to BV0 pacing (n = 4). In these 10 patients, LV pacing yielded a 7.4 ± 8.0% higher dP/dtmax than BV0 pacing (P 〈 0.05). Conclusions: Using sequential BV pacing, generally with LV preactivation, moderate improvements in LV systolic function can be achieved in selected patients. Baseline PR interval may aid in the selection of the optimum cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) mode, favoring LV pacing in patients with a PR interval ≤200 ms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: CARLSSON, J., et al.: Myocardial Injury During Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation: Comparison of Focal and Linear Lesions. The aim of study was to investigate the extent of myocardial injury incurred by creation of continuous RF current induced linear ablation lesions (LL; ablation of atrial fibrillation, right atrial procedure) in comparison to focal RF lesions (FL; AV node reentry tachycardia, WPW tachycardia). In 23 patients with LL (age 51.3 ± 11.2 years, 18 men, 5 women) and in 16 patients with FL (age 53.9 ± 5.1 years, 8 men and 8 women), levels of creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (MG), CKMB mass (CKMB M), CKMB activity (CKMB A), and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) were determined before and 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours after ablation. CKMB A was normal in 87% in LL and 100% in FL (〈 6% of CK) with median maximum CK values of 214 (45–1583) U/L in LL and 36 (29–212) U/L in FL. Peak values of all parameters were significantly higher in LL than in FL. The sensitivity of cTnT was 50% in FL and 100% in LL. In FL MG, total CK, and CKMB M were abnormal in only 12.5% of cases while in LL MG and CKMB M were pathological in 100% and total CK was abnormal in 91.3% of patients. The amount of energy and number of RF applications correlated with cTnT, MG, and CKMB M (P = 0.01). In conclusion, (1) long linear RF current lesions for ablation of atrial fibrillation are associated with significantly greater myocardial injury than focal ablations. (2) In focal lesions only cTnT provided a sensitivity of 50% in the detection of myocardial injury while in linear lesions cTnT, CKMBM, and CKMB M seemed suitable for detection of RF current induced myocardial damage with 100% sensitivity. All biochemical parameters do not differentiate patients with coronary ischemia up to 48 hours after an ablation. (3) Further investigations are necessary to determine if RF current linear lesions lead to impaired atrial contractility in cases of extensive tissue damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1615-3146
    Keywords: Troponin T ; Myokardinfarkt ; Notarztwagen ; Troponin T ; Myocardial infarction ; Emergency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Troponin T is a sensitive marker to quickly diagnose myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, or unstable angina. After clinical introduction of the troponin T quick test, a test that is readily achievable at the site of emergency, similar to a blood glucose test, it was determined in this study if the quick test is of value for the diagnosis and therapy in the emergency medical care setting. Over a period of 4 months 158 patients suffering from chest pain were prospectively evaluated after receiving vaporized nitroglycerin per inhalation and 1 g acetyl salicylic acid intravenously. At the same time blood was sampled for determination of troponin T and an ECG was recorded. The troponin T quick test was repeated 4 hours after the first sample. In 6.9% of the patients the troponin T test was positive at the emergency site as well as in the hospital (pos./pos.). In 26.6% of the patients the test was initially negative which changed to a positive test result after 4 hours (neg./pos.). In two thirds of the cases the test was negative both initially and in the hosiptal (neg./neg.). The patients of the pos./pos. group were significantly older and had a significantly higher risk to die (45.5% vs. 14.3% in the neg./pos. group vs. 1.9% in the neg./neg. group). After admittance in the hospital the CK was greater than 150 U/l in all patients of the pos./pos. group, in 83% of the neg./pos. group and in 3,8% of the neg./neg. group. The in hospital lenghth of stay was also longer in the pos./pos. group (23 days) than in the neg./pos. group (17 days) and in the neg./neg. group (9 days). Until now, there are no clinically proven measures for diagnosis of a mycardial infarction in the pre-clinical emergency setting. The troponin T quick test converts only 2 to 4 hours after the event, thus it is still not the optimal tool for a standard test for emergency medical care.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Troponin T ist ein sensitiver Marker, um frühzeitig Myokardischämien, Herzinfarkte oder instabile Angina pectoris zu erkennen. Nach Einführung eines Troponinschnelltests, der wie ein Blutzuckertest am Notfalleinsatzort durchgeführt werden kann, sollte in dieser Untersuchung geprüft werden, ob ein positiver Test auf dem Notarztwagen für die Diagnostik und Therapie eine Bedeutung hat. In einer viermonatigen prospektiven Studie erhielten 158 Patienten mit thorakalen Schmerzen initial mindestens 1 Hub Nitrolingual® sowie 1 g Aspisol® intravenös. Gleichzeitig wurden Blut zur Troponinbestimmung abgenommen und ein EKG geschrieben. Der Test wurde zusätzlich zur Standarddiagnostik im Krankenhaus vier Stunden nach der Erstabnahme wiederholt. 6,9% der Patienten hatten einen positiven kardialen Troponintest auf dem Notarztwagen und auch vier Stunden spater im Krankenhaus (pos/pos). 26,6% der Patienten hatten zunächst einen negativen kardialen Troponintest, der vier Stunden spater im Krankenhaus positiv wurde (neg/pos). Zwei Drittel der Patienten hatten zu beiden Zeitpunkten ein negatives Testergebnisz (neg/neg). Die Patienten der pos/pos-Gruppe waren signifikant älter und verstarben signifikant häufiger mit 45,5% vs. 14,3% in der neg/pos-Gruppe vs. 1,9% in der neg/neg-Gruppe. Bei Erstabnahme im Krankenhaus war die CK bei allen Patienten der pos/pos-Gruppe, bei 83,3% der neg/pos-Gruppe und bei 3,8% der neg/neg-Gruppe größer als 150 U/l. Auch die Krankenhausverweildauer war in der pos/pos-Gruppe signifikant länger (23 Tage) als in der neg/pos-Gruppe (17 Tage) und neg/neg-Gruppe (neun Tage). Etablierte Enzymtests zum Nachweis eines Herzinfarkts am präklinischen Einsatzort stehen dem Notarzt bislang nicht zur Verfügung. Auch der Troponintest mit einer Nachweislücke von drei bis vier Stunden nach dem Ereignis scheint diese Lücke noch nicht optimal zu schließen.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cardiovascular drugs and therapy 2 (1988), S. 333-339 
    ISSN: 1573-7241
    Keywords: unstable angina ; nitrates ; beta-blockers ; calcium antagonists ; thrombolysis ; aspirin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Unstable angina describes a clinical syndrome bridging the gap between stable angina and acute myocardial infarction. By definition, patients with angina of new onset, of a crescendo pattern, and with angina at rest are included in this high-risk group. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are complex and include initial atherosclerotic plaque rupture, release of vasoactive substances, and intracoronary thrombus formation. The currently established medical approach of the acute phase consists of heparin for anticoagulation and nitrates combined with beta-blockers for the relief of pain. Calcium antagonists are indicated, if anginal symptoms persist. The effect of thrombolytic therapy is still under investigation. Angina refractory to medical treatment and angina at rest are associated with a particularly unfavorable prognosis and prompt early catheterization. The long-term prognosis of the patient is markedly improved by chronic platelet inhibitory treatment with aspirin.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cardiovascular drugs and therapy 6 (1992), S. 281-285 
    ISSN: 1573-7241
    Keywords: hibernating myocardium ; stunning ; systolic function ; diastolic function ; coronary angioplasty ; recovery of function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Impaired contractile performance at rest is not necessarily due to irreversible tissue damage but may relate to the “hibernating” myocardium. Hibernating myocardium has been defined as potentially reversible, chronic contractile dysfunction during prolonged, painless ischemia. The extent and time course of functional recovery after restoration of flow is of major importance for clinical decision making. The existence of hibernating myocardium was first documented in patients following bypass surgery. Angiographic studies in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty revealed immediate recovery of global and regional systolic, as well as diastolic, function after revascularization. Subgroup analysis showed an improvement in patients without previous myocardial infarctions and in those with non-Q-wave infarctions, but a benefit was not consistently seen in patients with transmural infarctions. A further improvement of systolic function after 15 weeks suggests a biphasic course of recovery. Prospective studies must clarify whether the potential for improvement in function constitutes an indication for revascularization independent of clinical symptoms.
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