GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
Document type
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (2000), S. 1205-1215 
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Geochemistry ; Surface and groundwaters water quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  A hydrogeochemical study of the Salso River highlighted the chemical and isotopic space-time evolution along its flow path and the main contamination processes. Within the basin, three different hydrogeochemical facies have been individuated: (1) Ca-Mg-HCO3, (2) Ca-Mg-SO4 and (3) Na-Cl. The first facies reflects the chemical composition of the groundwaters hosted in the carbonate reliefs that belong to the Madonie Mountains. The second and the third facies are the result of the interaction processes between surface waters and the gypsum and salty clays, respectively. Two pollution sources have been also located in the basin downstream from the salt mine and downstream from a discharge area of wastewater from the town of Gangi. On the basis of the location of natural and anthropogenic pollution sources, the waters available for drinking and irrigation use are also indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-02-09
    Description: Volatiles transported from the Earth’s interior to the surface through permeable faults provide insights on the gas composition of deep reservoirs, mixing and migration processes, and can also be applied as gas-geothermometer. Here, we present carbon (δ13C), hydrogen (δ2H) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic data of CO2, CH4, and N2 from gas samples collected from the Kızıldere and Tekke Hamam geothermal fields, located along the eastern segment of the Büyük Menderes Graben, Turkey. The stable isotopic composition of carbon (δ13C) ranges from +0.30 to +0.99‰ (PDB) for CO2 from Kızıldere and is slightly more variable (−0.95 to +1.3‰) in samples from Tekke Hamam. Carbon isotope data in combination with CO2/3He data reveal that ~97% (Tekke Hamam) to ~99% (Kızıldere) of CO2 derives from limestone sources, with the residual CO2 being magmatic in origin with no evidence for CO2 from organic sources. The slightly higher contribution of limestone-derived CO2 in Kızıldere, compared to Tekke Hamam can be attributed to the higher temperatures of the Kızıldere reservoir and resulting amplified fluid–limestone interaction, as well as helium depletion during phase separation for Kızıldere samples. In contrast to the carbon isotopic composition of CO2, the δ13C values of methane from Kızıldere and Tekke Hamam are clearly distinct and vary between −23.6 and −20.8‰ for Kızıldere and −34.4 and −31.7‰ for Tekke Hamam, respectively. The δ2H-CH4 composition is also distinct, measured as −126.7‰ for Kızıldere and −143.3‰ for Tekke Hamam. CO2-CH4 carbon isotope geothermometry calculations based on the isotopic fractionation of δ13C between the dominant component CO2 and the minor component CH4 reveals temperatures 20–40 °C and 100–160 °C higher than the bottom–hole temperatures measured for Tekke Hamam and Kızıldere, respectively. Based on the CO2-CH4 carbon isotope disequilibrium, unusual high methane concentrations of ~0.3 to 0.4 vol.-% and CH4/3He-δ13C-CH4 relationships we suggest thermal decomposition of late (Tekke Hamam) to over-mature (Kızıldere) organic matter and, to some extent, also abiogenic processes as principal source of methane. The N2/36Ar ratios of most samples reveal the existence of a non–atmospheric nitrogen component within the gas mixture issuing from both fields, in addition to a constant contribution of atmospheric derived nitrogen accompanied into the system via the meteoric recharge of the geothermal system. Based on the δ15N isotopic ratios (varying between −4.44‰ and 4.54‰), the non–atmospheric component seems to be a mixture of both sedimentary (crustal organic) and mantle nitrogen. The thick Pliocene sedimentary sequence covering the metamorphic basement is the likely major source for the thermogenic content of CH4 and crustal N2 gas content in the samples.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: We present the first nitrogen isotope data from hydrothermal fluids of Graciosa, Terceira and S. Miguel Islands (Azores, Portugal), together with helium isotope composition. 15N values are slightly enriched in light isotopes (from -0.7‰ to -2.2‰) with respect to air, while 3He/4He ratios range from 5 to 6 Ra in Sao Miguel island and from 8 to 9.1 Ra in Graciosa and Terceira islands. The latter values are similar to those found in olivine phenocrysts of basalts (Moreira et al., 1999; Madureira et al., 2005). Such isotope signatures seem to point to the presence of two different deeply-derived end-members: a 3He-rich primitive end-member evident in Terceira and Graciosa islands samples and a 3He-poor end-member characterizing samples from S. Miguel island. According to Madureira et al. (2005), the He primitive component which is more evident in the central parts of the Azores archipelago has to be related to a lower mantle contribution into the prevailing MORB component. On the contrary, the origin of the radiogenic crustal component is still open and debated between the contribution of recycled terrigenous sediments (Turner et al., 1997) and oceanic mantle lithosphere (Schaefer et al., 2002). Since 15N values from fluids vents and inclusions in basalt glasses were discovered to be good geochemical tracers of magma genetic processes, we determined molecular and isotope nitrogen composition (15NN2) in some hydrothermal fluids with the aim to provide additional information on the mantle composition beneath the Azores archipelago. Based on the N2/36Ar ratio we computed for each samples the 15N values of the non-atmospheric nitrogen (15Ndeep). Volatiles emitted from Graciosa and Terceira islands seem to have a common deep nitrogen isotope signature of about -1.5‰ likely resulting from a mixing between lower mantle (15N from 1‰ to 4‰) and upper mantle (15NMORB from -3‰ to -7‰). On the other hand, the 15Ndeep feeding the fumaroles at S. Miguel is close to -5.5‰. Such a 15N-depleted values seem to indicate a probable nitrogen origin from a deep source derived from the recycling of ancient oceanic plate into the upper mantle (MORB). rather than from the recycling of terrigenous sediments transported on top of the descending plate that should have lead to 15N-enrichments.
    Description: Published
    Description: La Malbaie, Quebec, Canada
    Description: 2.4. TTC - Laboratori di geochimica dei fluidi
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Nitrogen isotopes ; Hydrothermal fluids ; Azores Islands ; Volcanic gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-04-07
    Description: The TOMO-ETNA experiment was planned in order to obtain a detailed geological and structural model of the continental and oceanic crust beneath Mt. Etna volcano and northeastern Sicily up to the Aeolian Islands (southern Italy), by integrating data from active and passive refraction and reflection seismic methodologies, magnetic and gravity surveys. This paper focuses on the marine activities performed within the experiment, which have been carried out in the Ionian and Tyrrhenian Seas, during three multidisciplinary oceanographic cruises, involving three research vessels (“Sarmiento de Gamboa”, “Galatea” and “Aegaeo”) belonging to different countries and institutions. During the offshore surveys about 9700 air-gun shots were produced to achieve a high-resolution seismic tomography through the wide-angle seismic refraction method, covering a total of nearly 2650 km of shooting tracks. To register ground motion, 27 ocean bottom seismometers were deployed, extending the inland seismic permanent network of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) and a temporary network installed for the experiment. A total of 1410 km of multi-channel seismic reflection profiles were acquired to image the subsurface of the area and to achieve a 2D velocity model for each profile. Multibeam sonar and sub bottom profiler data were also collected. Moreover, a total of 2020 km of magnetic and 680 km of gravity track lines were acquired to compile magnetic and gravity anomaly maps offshore Mt. Etna volcano. Here, high-resolution images of the seafloor, as well as sediment and rock samples, were also collected using a remotely operated vehicle.
    Description: Published
    Description: S0428
    Description: 3A. Ambiente Marino
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Scientific cruise report ; Marine geophysical data acquisition ; Etna offshore ; Ionian and Tyrrhenian Seas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: Graciosa island is located in the Azores Archipelago, along the so-called Terceira Rift, a major tectonic structure that makes the NE boundary of the Azores Plateau. In general terms, it includes a basaltic plataform on the NW and a silicic poligenetic volcano with caldera on the SE, the Graciosa Caldera Volcano. This volcano has produced significant tephra falls, pyroclastic flows, lahars, and lava flows, both of basaltic s.l. and trachitic s.l. composition. The hydrothermal system shows fumarolic emissions inside the volcano caldera and thermal springs located along the shoreline. This system is exploitated in a thermal building through shallow and deep (110 m) boreholes, near the coast. In Graciosa two types of Na-Cl groundwater systems can be identified: 1) a cold one emerging at springs and exploited by wells for public water supply, and 2) a hydrothermal system with temperatures around 40-44 °C. The cold groundwaters have pH higher than 7 and different degree of mineralization, according to the proximity to the sea. The thermal waters show mixing with seawater, pH varying between 6.20 and 6.94, 166 mg/L of SiO2, and significant concentration of metals, such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn. The thermal water mineralization varies strongly, showing EC from 8.87 mS/cm (shallow water) to 47.4 mS/cm (deeper water). The higher mineralized water is rich in CO2(g), with 2130 mg/L of total dissolved CO2. Geothermometers application reveals aquifer temperature around 167 °C and immature/mixed waters, not reaching complete equilibrium with reservoir rock. The geochemistry of the thermal waters indicates the occurrence of seawater/host rock interaction processes at high temperature and slightly acid conditions, favored by CO2(g) input, and a different degrees of mixing with cold and shallow groundwaters.
    Description: Published
    Description: Prague, Czech Republic
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Hydrothermal systems ; Graciosa Island, Azores ; Grondwater chemistry ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: In this work we report new data on He abundances and isotope ratios (3He/4He) from gas associated to some thermal and CO2-rich mineral waters in N-Portugal. Collected gas samples are mainly CO2-dominant except two sites where gas is N2-rich. All the sampling sites are characterized by exceptionally high helium contents with 3He/4He ratios, corrected for air contamination, varying considerably from 0.09 to 2.68 Ra. In all sites, the 3He/4He ratios are higher than that typical for stable continental areas thus indicating a variable but not-negligible (up to 30%) contribution of mantle-derived primordial He. In all the CO2-rich waters, CO2/3He ratios and 13CCO2 are comparable with mantle values, thus suggesting a magmatic origin also for CO2. On the contrary, in the N2-rich waters He is mainly radiogenic, and CO2 is organic in origin. Since no recent volcanic activity is observed in NW Iberia, high 3He/4He values could be due, at least, to three processes: a) releasing of gas from the local upper mantle through deep extensional fault systems; b) releasing of magmatic volatiles from crustal reservoir(s) formed during past volcanic activity; c) degassing of a subsurface emplaced magma body. Mantle He flux in N-Portugal has been estimated to be up to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that typical for stable continental areas, thus suggesting, in this area, the presence of a tensional tectonic regime. This implies that mantle gases could migrate upward probably through inherited tectonic structures reactivated by neotectonic activity. The third possible scenario seems to be less plausible since seismic surveys carried out in NW Iberian did not find any significant evidence of mantle intrusion in the crust. The observed spatial variability in mantle-derived contribution could reflect the geometry of the granitic plutons in this area, thus supporting the hypotheses of an upper mantle degassing. Alternatively, it could be the result of a lateral migration of magmatic volatiles stored in a crustal reservoir.
    Description: Published
    Description: Budapest, Hungary
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Helium isotopes ; NW Iberian peninsula ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-02-17
    Description: RATIONALE: Stable carbon isotope ratios of dissolved inorganic (DIC) and organic carbon (DOC) are of particular interest in aquatic geochemistry. The precision for this type of analysis is typically reported in the range of 0.1‰ to 0.5‰. However, there is no published attempt that compares !13C measurements of DIC and DOC among different laboratories for natural water samples. METHODS: Five natural water samples (lake water, seawater, two geothermal waters, and petroleum well water) were analyzed for !13CDIC and !13CDOC values by !ve laboratories with isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) in an international pro!ciency test. RESULTS: The reported !13CDIC values for lake water and seawater showed fairly good agreement within a range of about 1‰, whereas geothermal and petroleum waters were characterized by much larger differences (up to 6.6‰ between laboratories). !13CDOC values were only comparable for seawater and showed differences of 10 to 21‰for other samples. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that scatter in !13CDIC isotope data can be in the range of several per mil for samples from extreme environments (geothermal waters) and may not yield reliable information with respect to dissolved carbon (petroleum wells). The analyses of lake water and seawater also revealed a larger than expected difference and researchers from various disciplines should be aware of this. Evaluation of analytical procedures of the participating laboratories indicated that the differences cannot be explained by analytical errors or different data normalization procedures and must be related to speci!c sample characteristics or secondary effects during sample storage and handling. Our results reveal the need for further research on sources of error and on method standardization.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2099-2107
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori sperimentali e analitici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: proficiency test ; isotopes ; DIC ; DOC ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-03-05
    Description: In summer 2013 a toxic and polluting gas blowout (19 tonnes day−1 CO2, 95 kg day−1 CH4) occurred from two shallow boreholes drilled at only 50 m from the International Airport of Rome (Italy), in the town of Fiumicino. Another gas blowout occurred in the same period from a borehole located offshore, 2 km away, also generating sea-water acidification; it lasted only a couple of days. Onshore, CO2was also diffusing fromholes within the soil, particularly toward the airport, generating a soil flux up to 1.8 tonnes day−1. In 3.5 months ~1500 tonnes of CO2 and 5.4 tonnes of CH4 were emitted in the atmosphere. Temporal monitoring of gas geochemistry indicates that in this area a mixing occurs between shallow and pressurized gas pockets, CO2-dominated, but with different chemical (i.e., He/CH4 ratio) and isotopic (3He/4He, δ13C-δDCH4) characteristics. Numerical simulation of CO2 dispersion in the atmosphere showed that dangerous air CO2 concentrations, up to lethal values, were only found near the vents at a height of 0.2 m. Fiumicino is a high blowout risk area, as CO2 rising through deep reaching faults pressurizes the shallowaquifer contained in gravels confined underneath shales of the Tiber delta deposits. The Fiumicino blowout is a typical example of dangerous phenomenon that may occur in urban context lying nearby active or recent volcanoes and requires quick response on hazard assessment by scientists to be addressed to civil protection and administrators.
    Description: Published
    Description: 54-65
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Endogenous gas blowout from shallow wells ; Chemical and isotopic composition of gas and water ; Viscous flux and diffuse soil gas flux measurements ; Simulation andmonitoring of air CO2 dispersion ; Hazard assessment ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-06-21
    Description: Quantifying the CO2 flux sustained by lowtemperature fumarolic fields in hydrothermal/volcanic environments has remained a challenge, to date. Here, we explored the potential of a commercial infrared tunable laser unit for quantifying such fumarolic volcanic/hydrothermal CO2 fluxes. Our field tests were conducted between April 2013 and March 2014 at Nea Kameni (Santorini, Greece), Hekla and Krýsuvík (Iceland) and Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy). At these sites, the tunable laser was used to measure the path-integrated CO2 mixing ratios along cross sections of the fumaroles’ atmospheric plumes. By using a tomographic post-processing routine, we then obtained, for each manifestation, the contour maps of CO2 mixing ratios in the plumes and, from their integration, the CO2 fluxes. The calculated CO2 fluxes range from low (5.7 +/- 0.9 t d-1; Krýsuvík) to moderate (524 +/-108 t d-1; La Fossa crater, Vulcano). Overall, we suggest that the cumulative CO2 contribution from weakly degassing volcanoes in the hydrothermal stage of activity may be significant at the global scale.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1209–1221
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: volcanic CO2 fluxes ; Hekla volcano ; Krýsuvík hydrothermal area ; Nea Kameni ; Vulcano island ; tunable diode lasers ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: Na–HCO3–CO2-rich thermomineral waters issue in the N of Portugal, within the Galicia-Trás-os-Montes region, linked to a major NNE-trending fault, the so-called Penacova-Régua-Verin megalineament. Along this tectonic structure different occurrences of CO2-rich thermomineral waters are found: Chaves hot waters (67 °C) and also several cold (16.1 °C) CO2-rich waters. The δ2H and δ18O values of the thermomineral waters are similar to those of the local meteoric waters. The chemical composition of both hot and cold mineral waters suggests that water–rock reactions are mainly controlled by the amount of dissolved CO2 (g) rather than by the water temperature. Stable carbon isotope data indicate an external CO2 inorganic origin for the gas. δ13CCO2 values ranging between −7.2‰ and −5.1‰ are consistent with a two-component mixture between crustal and mantle-derived CO2. Such an assumption is supported by the 3He/4He ratios measured in the gas phase, are between 0.89 and 2.68 times the atmospheric ratio (Ra). These ratios which are higher than that those expected for a pure crustal origin (≈0.02 Ra), indicating that 10 to 30% of the He has originated from the upper mantle. Release of deep-seated fluids having a mantle-derived component in a region without recent volcanic activity indicates that extensive neo-tectonic structures originating during the Alpine Orogeny are still active (i.e., the Chaves Depression).
    Description: Published
    Description: 49-56
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: CO2-rich thermomineral waters ; mantle volatiles ; isotopes ; Chaves geothermal system ; N-Portugal ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.02. Hydrological processes: interaction, transport, dynamics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...