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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    New York [u.a.] : Acad. Press
    Keywords: heat-transmission ; mass transfer ; Strömungsmechanik ; Stoffübertragung ; Blase ; Physikalische Chemie ; Multiphase flow ; Particles ; Drops ; Bubbles ; Heat ; Transmission ; Technische Strömungsmechanik ; Oberflächen, Dünne Schichten ; Grenzflächen ; Zustandsgleichungen ; Phasenübergänge ; Teilchen ; Tropfen ; Gasblase ; Stoffübertragung ; Teilchen ; Physikalische Chemie ; Tropfen ; Physikalische Chemie ; Blase ; Physikalische Chemie ; Wärmeleitung ; Teilchenstrom ; Strömungsmechanik
    Description / Table of Contents: Ohne Kurzreferat
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XIII, 380 S , Ill., graph. Darst , 24 cm
    ISBN: 012176950X
    DDC: 531.163
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Keywords: Plant resource allocation. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (319 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780080539072
    Series Statement: Physiological Ecology Series
    DDC: 581.7
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Plant Resource Allocation -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Allocation of Resources in Plants: State of the Science and Critical Questions -- I. The Plant Functions as a Balanced System: Flexibility of Allocation -- II. Controls on Carbohydrate Manufacture and Allocation: The Role of Nitrogen -- III. Currency of Allocation and Costs of Construction: Keeping Track of Total Carbon Flux -- IV. The Allocation of Resources Other Than Mass: Are N, P, K, Mg, and Others Allocated as a Fixed Proportion of Mass or Carbon? -- V. Physiological and Demographic Costs: Are They Separable? -- VI. Allocation and Resource Congruency -- VII. Switching from Vegetative Growth to Reproduction: Size, Mass, or Age? -- VIII. Resource Allocation to Reproduction: Quantity and Quality -- IX. Clonal Plants and Allocation: Are There Trade-offs between Sexual and Asexual Reproduction? -- X. Allocation to Defensive Chemicals -- XI. Allocation in a Globally Changing Environment -- References -- Chapter 2. The Fate of Acquired Carbon in Plants: Chemical Composition and Construction Costs -- I. Introduction -- II. Integration Level -- III. Chemical Composition -- IV. Covariation in Plant Compounds -- V. Mechanistic Explanations for Variation in Chemical Composition -- VI. Construction Costs -- VII. Ecological Consequences -- VIII. Summary -- IX. Appendix 1 -- X. Appendix 2 -- References -- Chapter 3. Resource Allocation in Variable Environments: Comparing Insects and Plants -- I. Introduction -- II. Background: Resource Allocation within an Individual -- III. Age-Specific Allocation Responses to Variable Environments -- IV. Individual Allocation Responses to Variable Environments -- V. Among-Population Responses to Variable Environments -- VI. Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 4. Biomass Allocation and Water Use under Arid Conditions -- I. Introduction -- II. The Special Case of Woody Plants -- III. A Semicontrolled Experiment on Biomass Allocation and Water Use under Different Water Availabilities with Prunus dulcis -- IV. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5. Organ Preformation, Development, and Resource Allocation in Perennials -- I. Introduction -- II. Organ Preformation in Plants -- III. Demographic Implications of Developmental Variation -- IV. Matrix Model -- V. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6. Optimality Approaches to Resource Allocation in Woody Tissues -- I. Introduction -- II. Life-History Analysis and the Optimality Approach -- III. Costs of Lignification in Early Seedling Growth -- IV. Benefits of Lignification in the Horizontal Branches of Trees -- V. General Discussion -- VI. Conclusions -- VII. Appendix 1 -- VIII. Appendix 2 -- References -- Chapter 7. Resource Allocation Patterns in Clonal Herbs and Their Consequences for Growth -- I. Introduction -- II. Interpretation of Data on Resource Allocation Patterns -- III. Resource Allocation Patterns of Clonal Species in Homogeneous Growing Conditions -- IV. Resource Allocation Patterns in Clonal Species Growing under Heterogeneous Conditions -- V. Consequences of Localized Responses by Clonal Herbs to Heterogeneous Habitat Conditions -- VI. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8. Trade-offs between Reproduction and Growth Influence Time of Reproduction -- I. Introduction -- II. Theoretical Models -- III. Growth after the Induction of Reproduction -- IV. Effect of Reproduction on Growth in Monocarpic Plants -- V. Implications for Allocation Patterns -- VI. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9. Size-Dependent Allocation to Male and Female Reproduction -- I. Introduction -- II. Fitness Gain Curves in Animal-Pollinated Plants. , III. Plant Size and Gender in Cynoglossum officinale -- IV. Causal Explanations for Increasing Femaleness with Plant Size -- V. Is the Sex Allocation Pattern Found in Cynoglossum officinale Representative for Other Hermaphrodite Animal-Pollinated Monocarpic Plants? -- VI. Is Increased Emphasis on Female Reproduction with Plant Size in Insect-Pollinated Plants Adaptive? A Comparison between Animal- and Wind-Pollinated Plants -- References -- Chapter 10. Allocation, Leaf Display, and Growth in Fluctuating Light Environments -- I. Introduction -- II. Rate and Pattern Response Following an Environmental Change -- III. Plant Growth and Allocation in Fluctuating Light Environments -- IV. Tracking a Randomly Varying Environment -- V. Conclusions and Speculations -- VI. Appendix -- References -- Chapter 11. Allocation Theory and Chemical Defense -- I. Life History and Ecophysiological Models -- II. Total Cost Calculations -- III. Full Costs and Constitutive versus Induced Defenses -- IV. Summary -- References -- Chapter 12. Toward Models of Resource Allocation by Plants -- I. Introduction -- II. Functional Equilibrium Models -- III. Can the Most Simple Models Be Useful? -- IV. Rules for Allocation to Wood -- V. Remaining Difficulties -- References -- Index.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 14 (1975), S. 75-79 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 14 (1975), S. 79-86 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 27 (1988), S. 679-684 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 27 (1988), S. 684-691 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 14 (1975), S. 86-91 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 6 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The boundary layer resistance of model leaves was measured in still air, at a range of leaf-to-air temperature differences. The results were compared to those calculated from standard formulae for natural convection. The agreement between observed and calculated was only satisfactory when Grashof numbers exceeded about 105. At the lower Grashof numbers, which often prevail in nature, the observed rates of heat transfer considerably exceeded those calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: 〈list xml:id="l1" style="custom"〉1 Carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes were measured for 55 days by eddy covariance over an undisturbed tropical rain forest in Rondonia, Brazil. Profiles of CO2 inside the canopy were also measured.2 During the night, CO2 concentration frequently built up to 500 ppm throughout the canopy as a result of low rates of exchange with the atmosphere. In the early morning hours, ventilation of the canopy occurred.3 Ecosystem gas exchange was calculated from a knowledge of fluxes above the canopy and changes of CO2 stored inside the canopy. Typically, uptake by the canopy was 15 μmol m−2 s−1 in bright sunlight and dark respiration was 6-7 μmol m−2 s−1 The quantum requirement at low irradiance was: 40 mol photons per mol of CO2.4 Bulk stomatal conductance of the ecosystem was maximal in the early morning (0.4-1.0 mol m−2 s−1) and declined over the course of the day as leaf-to-air vapour pressure difference increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: The effects of harvest on European forest net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon and its photosynthetic and respiratory components (GPP (gross primary production) and TER (total ecosystem respiration)) were examined by comparing four pairs of mature/harvested sites in Europe via a combination of eddy covariance measurements and empirical modeling. Three of the comparisons represented high coniferous forestry (spruce in Britain, and pines in Finland and France), while a coppice-with-standard oak plantation was examined in Italy.While every comparison revealed that harvesting converted a mature forest carbon sink into a carbon source of similar magnitude, the mechanisms by which this occurred were very different according to species or management practice. In Britain, Finland, and France the annual sink (source) strength for mature (clear-cut) stands was estimated at 496 (112), 138 (239), and 222 (225) g C m−2, respectively, with 381 (427) g C m−2 for the mature (coppiced) stand in Italy. In all three cases of high forestry in Britain, Finland, and France, clear-cutting crippled the photosynthetic capacity of the ecosystem – with mature (clear-cut) GPP of 1970 (988), 1010 (363), and 1600 (602) g C m−2– and also reduced ecosystem respiration to a lesser degree – TER of 1385 (1100), 839 (603), and 1415 (878) g C m−2, respectively. By contrast, harvesting of the coppice oak system provoked a burst in respiration – with mature (clear-cut) TER estimated at 1160 (2220) gC m−2– which endured for the 3 years sampled postharvest. The harvest disturbance also reduced GPP in the coppice system – with mature (clear-cut) GPP of 1600 (1420) g C m−2– but to a lesser extent than in the coniferous forests, and with near-complete recovery within a few years. Understanding the effects of harvest on the carbon balance of European forest systems is a necessary step towards characterizing carbon exchange for timberlands on large scales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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