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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Investigating climates, environments and biology using stable isotopes (2008)
    Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
    Details Availability
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: S. 1-128 , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    Series Statement: Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology 266.2008,1/2
    Language: English
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    GEOMAR CATALOGUE
    Link to Library Catalog
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facies analysis and correlation of high-order sequences in middle–outer ramp successions: variations in exported carbonate on basin-wide δ13Ccarb (Kimmeridgian, NE Spain) (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Sedimentology 52 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Carbonate mud that accumulated in the deep parts of a late Kimmeridgian carbonate ramp (Iberian Basin, NE Spain) was partly derived by resedimentation from shallow water production areas. High-frequency sea-level changes, probably driven by climatic changes in tune with precession and short-eccentricity cycles, affected carbonate production and the amount of exported sediment. Facies analysis and correlation of three outcrops located in middle and outer ramp settings allows a comparison of high-order sequences (bundles of beds and sets of bundles) across a ramp transect and an assessment of the carbonate factory. Analysis of the storm deposits found in middle ramp settings identifies deepening to shallowing high-frequency cycles based on the level of exported carbonate. In outer ramp areas, many of the bundles exhibit a thinning trend, indicating a progressive decrease of carbonate production and hence, carbonate export during periods of high-frequency sea-level rise. δ13Ccarb values show a gradual increase through the studied long-term transgressive interval ranging from 1·5‰ to 2·8‰. Within this long-term evolutionary trend, short-term δ13Ccarb fluctuations occur that correspond with some of the high-order cycles defined from sedimentary facies analysis. These short-term δ13Ccarb shifts are interpreted as shifts in carbonate export from shallow reef regions to the outer ramp. A consequence of this study is that variation in δ13Ccarb can be used for correlation in outer ramp successions, at least on a basin-wide scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2005.00740.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Massive dissociation of gas hydrate during a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 406 (2000), S. 392-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In the Jurassic period, the Early Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (about 183 million years ago) is associated with exceptionally high rates of organic-carbon burial, high palaeotemperatures and significant mass extinction. Heavy carbon-isotope compositions in rocks and fossils of this age ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35019044
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
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    Summer sea-ice variability on the Antarctic margin during the last glacial period reconstructed from snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea) stomach-oil deposits (2022)
    EGU Publications
    In:  EPIC3Climate of the Past, EGU Publications, 18(2), pp. 381-403, ISSN: 1814-9332
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-07
    Description: Antarctic sea ice is a critical component of the climate system affecting a range of physical and biogeochemical feedbacks and supporting unique ecosystems. During the last glacial stage, Antarctic sea ice was more extensive than today, but uncertainties in geological (marine sediments), glaciological (ice core), and climate model reconstructions of past sea-ice extent continue to limit our understanding of its role in the Earth system. Here, we present a novel archive of past sea-ice environments from regurgitated stomach oils of snow petrels (Pagodroma nivea) preserved at nesting sites in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. We show that by combining information from fatty acid distributions and their stable carbon isotope ratios with measurements of bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and trace metal data, it is possible to reconstruct changing snow petrel diet within Marine Isotope Stage 2 (ca. 24.3–30.3 cal kyr BP). We show that, as today, a mixed diet of krill and fish characterizes much of the record. However, between 27.4 and 28.7 cal kyr BP signals of krill almost disappear. By linking dietary signals in the stomach-oil deposits to modern feeding habits and foraging ranges, we infer the use by snow petrels of open-water habitats (“polynyas”) in the sea ice during our interval of study. The periods when consumption of krill was reduced are interpreted to correspond to the opening of polynyas over the continental shelf, which became the preferred foraging habitat. Our results show that extensive, thick, and multiyear sea ice was not always present close to the continent during the last glacial stage and highlight the potential of stomach-oil deposits as a palaeoenvironmental archive of Southern Ocean conditions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 5
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    Long-term stability in the circumpolar foraging range of a Southern Ocean predator between the eras of whaling and rapid climate change (2023)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Significance Assessing change in Southern Ocean ecosystems is challenging due to its remoteness. Large-scale datasets that allow comparison between present-day conditions and those prior to large-scale ecosystem disturbances caused by humans (e.g., fishing/whaling) are rare. We infer the contemporary offshore foraging distribution of a marine predator, southern right whales (n = 1,002), using a customized stable isotope-based assignment approach based on biogeochemical models of the Southern Ocean. We then compare the contemporary distributions during the late austral summer and autumn to whaling catch data representing historical distributions during the same seasons. We show remarkable consistency of mid-latitude distribution across four centuries but shifts in foraging grounds in the past 30 y, particularly in the high latitudes that are likely driven by climate-associated alterations in prey availability. Abstract Assessing environmental changes in Southern Ocean ecosystems is difficult due to its remoteness and data sparsity. Monitoring marine predators that respond rapidly to environmental variation may enable us to track anthropogenic effects on ecosystems. Yet, many long-term datasets of marine predators are incomplete because they are spatially constrained and/or track ecosystems already modified by industrial fishing and whaling in the latter half of the 20th century. Here, we assess the contemporary offshore distribution of a wide-ranging marine predator, the southern right whale (SRW, Eubalaena australis), that forages on copepods and krill from ~30°S to the Antarctic ice edge (〉60°S). We analyzed carbon and nitrogen isotope values of 1,002 skin samples from six genetically distinct SRW populations using a customized assignment approach that accounts for temporal and spatial variation in the Southern Ocean phytoplankton isoscape. Over the past three decades, SRWs increased their use of mid-latitude foraging grounds in the south Atlantic and southwest (SW) Indian oceans in the late austral summer and autumn and slightly increased their use of high-latitude (〉60°S) foraging grounds in the SW Pacific, coincident with observed changes in prey distribution and abundance on a circumpolar scale. Comparing foraging assignments with whaling records since the 18th century showed remarkable stability in use of mid-latitude foraging areas. We attribute this consistency across four centuries to the physical stability of ocean fronts and resulting productivity in mid-latitude ecosystems of the Southern Ocean compared with polar regions that may be more influenced by recent climate change.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of Early Toarcian sediments
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jenkyns, Hugh C; Gröcke, Darren R; Hesselbo, Stephen P (2001): Nitrogen isotope evidence for water mass denitrification during the Early Toarcian (Jurassic) oceanic anoxic event. Paleoceanography, 16(6), 593-603, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000PA000558
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Bulk sedimentary nitrogen isotope (d15Ntot) data have been generated from Lower Jurassic black, carbon-rich shales in the British Isles and northern Italy deposited during the early Toarcian oceanic anoxic event. A pronounced positive d15Ntot excursion through the exaratum Subzone of the falciferum Zone (defined by characteristic ammonites in the British Isles) broadly correlates with a relative maximum in weight percent total organic carbon and, in some sections, with a negative d13Corg excursion. Upwelling of a deoxygenated water mass that had undergone partial denitrification is the likely explanation for relative enrichment of d15Ntot, and parallels may be drawn with Quaternary sediments of the Arabian Sea, Gulf of California, and northwest Mexican margin. The development of Early Toarcian suboxic water masses and consequent partial denitrification is attributed to increases in organic productivity. Approximately coincident phenomena include the following: a relative climatic optimum, realignment of major oceanic current systems, and a possible release of methane gas hydrates from continental margin sediments early in the history of the oceanic anoxic event.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Organic carbon isotopes, total organic carbon contents and carbonate contents from a stratigraphic section of the Jurassic Fernie Formation located at the East Tributary of Bighorn Creek, Alberta, Canada (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Them II, Theodore R; Gill, Benjamin C; Gröcke, Darren R; Tulsky, E T; Martindale, Rowan C; Poulton, T P; Smith, P L (2017): High-resolution carbon isotope records of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (Early Jurassic) from North America and implications for the global drivers of the Toarcian carbon cycle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 459, 118-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.021
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The Mesozoic Era experienced several instances of abrupt environmental change that are associated with instabilities in the climate, reorganizations of the global carbon cycle, and elevated extinction rates. Often during these perturbations, oxygen-deficient conditions developed in the oceans resulting in the widespread deposition of organic-rich sediments - these events are referred to as Oceanic Anoxic Events or OAEs. Such events have been linked to massive injections of greenhouse gases into the ocean- atmosphere system by transient episodes of voluminous volcanism and the destabilization of methane clathrates within marine environments. Nevertheless, uncertainty surrounds the specific environmental drivers and feedbacks that occurred during the OAEs that caused perturbations in the carbon cycle; this is particularly true of the Early Jurassic Toarcian OAE (ca. 183.1 Ma). Here, we present biostratigraphically constrained carbon isotope data from western North America (Alberta and British Columbia, Canada) to better assess the global extent of the carbon cycle perturbations. We identify the large negative carbon isotope excursion associated with the OAE along with high-frequency oscillations and steps within the onset of this excursion. We propose that these high-frequency carbon isotope excursions reflect changes to the global carbon cycle and also that they are related to the production and release of greenhouse gases from terrestrial environments on astronomical timescales. Furthermore, increased terrestrial methanogenesis should be considered an important climatic feedback during Ocean Anoxic Events and other similar events in Earth history after the proliferation of land plants.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Total organic carbon content, calcium carbonate and the stable carbon isotope collected from East Tributary section (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Calcium carbonate; Carbon, organic, total; HEIGHT above ground; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 787 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Total organic carbon content and the stable carbon isotope collected from Haida Gwaii section (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Carbon, organic, total; HEIGHT above ground; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 284 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Organic carbon measurements on Bute Inlet river samples (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-07
    Description: This dataset includes organic carbon measurements on sediment samples collected in Bute Inlet (British Columbia, Canada) in October 2016 (cruise number PGC2016007) and October 2017 (cruise number PGC2017005) aboard the research vessel CCGS Vector. The cruise PGC2016007 took place between 7 October and 17 October 2016 and was led by Gwyn Lintern. The cruise PGC2017005 took place between 19 and 29 October and was led by Cooper Stacey. River samples were taken in the Homathko and Southgate rivers using Niskin bottles in the water column and a grab sampler in the river beds and the river deltas
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, dated; Bottle, Niskin; Bute Inlet, British Columbia, Canada; Carbon, organic, total; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DEPTH, water; Environment; Event label; fjords; Grab; GRAB; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; NIS; organic carbon (OC); Percentile 50; Percentile 90; PGC-2017-005; PGC-2017-005_RB16; PGC-2017-005_RB22; PGC-2017-005_RB24; PGC-2017-005_RBL18; PGC-2017-005_RD12; PGC-2017-005_RD14; PGC-2017-005_RD6; PGC-2017-005_RD8; PGC-2017-005_RP11; PGC-2017-005_RP13; PGC-2017-005_RP15; PGC-2017-005_RP16; PGC-2017-005_RP17; PGC-2017-005_RP19; PGC-2017-005_RP7; PGC-2017-005_RP9; PGC-2017-005_RW23; PGC-2017-005_SS18; PGC-2017-005_SS20; River; sediment; submarine canyon; Vector; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 118 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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