Publication Date:
2020-10-05
Description:
One of the lowest geoid anomalies on Earth lies in the Indian Ocean just south of the Indian peninsula. Several theories have been proposed to explain this negative geoid anomaly, most of which invoke past subduction. Some recent studies have argued that high-velocity anomalies in the lower mantle coupled with low-velocity anomalies in the upper mantle are responsible for these geoid lows. However, there is no general agreement regarding the source of the geoid low in the Indian Ocean. We investigate the source of this anomaly by using instantaneous models of density-driven mantle convection. Our study is the first to successfully explain the presence of this anomaly using a global convection model driven by present-day density anomalies derived from seismic tomography. We test various tomography models in our flow calculations using different radial and lateral viscosity variations. Although quite a few of them produce a fairly high correlation to the observed geoid globally, only a few (SMEAN2, GyPSuM, SEMUCB, and LLNL-JPS) could match the exact location and pattern of the geoid low in the Indian Ocean. The source of this low is a low-density anomaly stretching from a depth of 300 km down to ∼900 km in the northern Indian Ocean region. This density anomaly potentially originates from plume material rising along the edge of the African Large Low Shear Velocity Province, which moves toward the northeast, along with the movement of the Indian plate in the same direction.
Language:
English
Type:
info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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