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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 33 (1975), S. 49-55 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In summer, 1973, a short-term study with frequent sampling was performed in the Kiel Fjord (FRG). Temperature, salinity, number of viable bacteria, maximum uptakevelocity of glucose and acetate, concentrations of chlorophyll a, labile organic substances and ammonia and phosphate were measured. Strong variations in all parameters during short periods of time could be demonstrated. The number of viable bacteria fluctuated between 26x106 and 195x106 bacteria/l. Changes in the maximum uptake-velocity (V m ) of glucose between 0.23 and 0.85 μg C l-1 h-1 and in the V m of acetate between 0.36 and 2.40 μg C l-1 h-1 were recorded. A highly significant correlation between the number of viable bacteria and the maximum uptake-velocity of the two solutes was found. It is assumed that, at least for this area, at certain times the plate counts represent a major part of the active bacteria flora.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In 5 different biotopes (sea water, brackish water, lake, river, and sewage waters), respiration, as percent of the total uptake of 9 compounds and an amino-acid mixture, was studied. Strong variations between the biotopes could be demonstrated. Percentage respiration values varied between 11 and 57% for glucose, 20 and 37% for glucosamine, 13 and 36% for glycerol, 28 and 68% for aspartic acid, 1 and 16% for leucine, 3 and 19% for lysine, 15 and 64% for acetate, 15 and 60% for lactate, 52 and 79% for malate and between 21 and 36% for the amino-acid mixture. Despite these variations, the two amino acids leucine and lysine showed the lowest percentage and the two C 4-compounds aspartic acid and malate the highest percentage respiration in each biotope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 42 (1977), S. 131-141 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A comparison of two different methods was made using the tracer technique. The first test was performed by adding only one defined amont of a 14C-labelled compound to the sample, the second one by adding different amounts of the same labelled compound, followed by a kinetic approach. In a coastal area of the western Baltic Sea (Kiel Fjord) the turnover times of various compounds (glucose, glucosamine, aspartic acid, leucine, lysine and acetate) were determined. In the open Baltic Sea (especially the Bornholm-Basin) the study was confined to glucose. The variations between the results of the two methods for determining the turnover times are only small for samples from eutrophic or polluted regions. However, larger discrepancies exist with samples from oligotrophic areas. Here, turnover times obtained with the first method were consistently shorter (sometimes only half as long) than, those obtained with the second method. This difference is attributed to the fact that in areas of low bacterial activity e.g. in oligotrophic water bodies, organic-substance uptake by the entire natural population of heterotrophic micro-organisms does not follow exactly the Michaelis-Menten equation. This is likely to be due to a greater population heterogeneity resulting in an increased diversity of uptake characteristics. However, since the calculation of turnover time according to the second method is based on a modification of this equation, errors are introduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 62 (1981), S. 209-216 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In 5 different aquatic biotopes, widely differing in salinity as well as in degree of eutrophication and pollution, the concentration of dissolved free glucose was measured employing ion exchange chromatography of sugar borate complexes. The concentrations of glucose ranged from 4.99 to 9.63 μg C 1-1. No correlation between the amounts of glucose and the trophic character of the biotope was evident. The parameter Kt+Sn (sum of the transport “constant” and the natural concentration of glucose) was determined using a microbiological method. Instead of being larger, the Kt+Sn values were smaller than the concentrations obtained chemically. The range was between 0.62 and 2.72 μg glucose- C 1-1. Expressed as percentages the Kt+Sn values were between 6.4 and 30.5% of the concentrations of glucose alone. No gross errors of the microbiological and chemical methods seem to be responsible for these large discrepancies, since internal standardization gave excellent results. Two reasons might account for the discrepancy: (1) Not all of the dissoved free glucose (existing as truly free, absorbed or complexed free glucose) is available to the heterotrophic microorganisms. (2) During the relatively short duration of the experiments, the added 14C-labelled glucose may not be proportionally distributed between the different fractions of the dissolved free glucose. Instead, the fraction of the truly free glucose might be higher specifically labelled than the absorbed and complexed ones. This would lead to an over-representation of the presumably small fraction of the truly free form. It is concluded that using the concentration of the dissolved free substance obtained by chemical analysis to calculate the flux might be misleading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 40 (1977), S. 87-94 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of some microbial parameters was studied at 3 stations in the Central Baltic Sea (Bornholm Basin, BB; Danzig Deep, DD; and Gotland Deep, GD) during May 1976. The following analyses were performed: total bacterial numbers and biomass, viable counts and maximum uptake velocity (V max) of glucose. The values found for thesurface, samples were, total bacterial counts: 0.6x106 (BB); 1.7x106 (DD); 0.4x106 (GD) cells/ml; bacterial biomass: 1.9 μg C/l (BB); 6.9 μg C/l (DD); 1.6 μg C/l (GD); viable counts: 0.37x103 (BB); 17x103 (DD); 0.4x103 (GD) counts/ml; V max: 0.01 μg glucose-C/l (BB), 0.06 μg glucose-C/l (DD); 0.01 μg glucose-C/l (GD). The relatively high microbial numbers and activities of the Danzig Deep may be associated with the fertilization of the area by the River Vistula. The vertical distribution of the microbial parameters in the Bornholm Basin and Danzig Deep showed high values both in the top layer (0 to 20 m) and in the deep layer (〉40 m). In the intermediate layer, however, the values decreased significantly. It is suggested that the high values of the microbial parameters at depth are caused by at least two major processes during the inflow of North Sea water into the deep layers of the Baltic Sea: (1) the North Sea water may already have contained high numbers of bacteria; (2) during the inflow, the high concentrations of bacteria normally located at the sediment-water interface are distributed throughout the whole deep layer by mixing.
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  • 6
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    In:  EPIC3Proc of the 4th Europ Mar Microbiology Symp Kiel, Ostseebad Damp, 1990 Kieler Meeresforsch ,Sonderh. 8, 408 p.
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Entre enero 1987 y enero 1988 se estudiaron la productividad primaria y una serie de factores relacionados con ella en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta. La Ciénaga es una laguna costera de 423 km2 de área y de 1.6 m de profundidad media, situada en la costa caribeña de Colombia y sometida a una fluctuación fuerte de salinidad. Se trata de un sistema acuático con una alta concentración de seston y una gran productividad primaria. La concentración de clorofila "a" Fluctuó entre 5.6 y 181 ug I ' , el promedio anual fue de 59 ug I ' . La concentración de proteínas 0sciló entre 0.9 y 9.5 mg I"' , el promedio anual fue de 4.2 mg T1 . La productividad primaria bruta anual en la parte central de la Ciénaga fue de 1690 g C m-2 . Los valores extremos en todo el sistema fueron 1.40 y 16.3 g Cm-2 por día. La variación temporal y espacial de la productividad primaria en la Ciénaga está causada sobre todo por la entrada de aguas continentales, la productividad es más alta cuando la salinidad es baja. La productividad está también controlada por turbidez del agua y la disponibílidd de nutrientes. La capa fotosintética está restringida a menos de 1.5m por ía alta concentración de partículas. La proporción N:P, inorgánico, es en promedio 4:1 indicando que los compuestos nitrogenados son factores limitantes en el sistema lagunar. La alta productividad primaria de la Ciénaga Grande sostiene una importante pesquería artesanal. Los excedentes de la productividad son exportados al mar adyacente donde subsidian una extensa zona costera.
    Description: Between January 1987 and January 1988 the primary productivity and related parameters were studied in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta. The Ciénaga ¡s a coastal lagoon wíth an área of 423 km"2 and mean depth of 1.6 m, which is located at the caribbean coast of Colombia. The saliníty fluctuates seasonally within a wide range. The system ¡s characterized by a high concentration of seston and a great primary productivity. The concentration of chlorophyll "a" ranged from 5.6to 181 ug I - 1 , the mean valué was 59 ug I'1 . The concentration of proteins was within the extremes of 0.9 and 9.5 mg T1 , the mean valué was 4.2 mg I ' . The gross primary productivity in the central part of the Ciénaga amounted to 1690 g C m""2 per year. Considering the temporal fluctuation ín the whole system the lowest and highest valúes were 1.40 and 16.3 g C m-2 per day. Highest productivity valúes were encountered when the salinity was low. The primary productivity is controlled by waterturbidity and availability of nutrients, thus, seasonal continental waters. The photosinthetic laver is restricted to less than 1.5 m due to the high particle concentration. The mean N:P relation was 4:1 which indicates that the nitrogen compounds are the limiting nutrients. The high primary productivity sustains an important local fishery. The coastal area in the vicinity of the Ciénaga Grande is benefitted by the export of particulated and dissolved organic matter produced in escess within the coastal lagoon.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Primary production ; Turbidity ; Estuaries ; Salinity ; Hydrology ; Coastal lagoons ; Primary production ; Turbidity ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Salinity ; Hydrology ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The regional differences in the composition of the phytoplankton assemblages in several coastal lagoons of the “Outer Delta of the Río Magdalena” (Caribbean coast of Colombia) were determined using microscopic counting and HPLC-pigment measurements. The study sites can be classified as 1) a group of limnic lagoons with relatively low (5.5-19 µg/l) chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations and high inorganic suspension loading, 2) a group of brackish lagoons with high (62-90 µg/l) chl a concentrations and high amounts of organic seston, (two further lagoons form a transition between group 1 and 2, and 3) a fully marine Caribbean bay with very low (0.3 µg/l) chl a and seston concentrations. The regional variations in salinity of the lagoons are due to inflow of water from the Río Magdalena or to inflow of Caribbean Sea water. All lagoons are very shallow (less than 2 m) with small Secchi depths (20 to 30 cm). With the exception of the eutrophic brackish lagoons, where both methods indicated cyanobacteria to be the prevalent algal group, great discrepancies were encountered in all other study sites between the compositions of the algal communities obtained with both approaches. According to the microscopic analysis the phytoplankton of the marine Caribbean bay and the limnic and transient coastal lagoons consisted mainly (in several cases exclusively) of diatoms. The pigment analysis, on the other hand, indicated that cyanobacteria were the dominant algal group in all coastal lagoons, their percentage increased from the limnic over the transient to the brackish lagoons. Fractionated filtration of 14C-labelled phytoplankton revealed that algae of 〈5µm size in the coastal lagoons contributed 32-88% of the total radioactivity and that algae of 〉20µm size played only an insignificant role in primary production. Only in the Caribbean bay 14% of the 14CO2 was taken up by organisms 〉20µm. We assume that the small forms are greatly underrepresented in microscopic observations due to extreme difficulties in identification and counting caused by detritus and/or sediment loadings of the samples. We therefore believe that these small forms (probably mostly picoplanktonic cyanobacteria) are better represented by pigment analysis.
    Description: Las diferencias regionales en la composición de las agregaciones de fitoplancton en varias lagunas costeras del Delta Exterior del Río Magdalena (costa caribeña colombiana) fueron determinadas utilizando el conteo microscópico y mediciones de pigmentos por HPLC. Los sitios de estudio pueden ser clasificados como 1) un grupo de lagunas límnicas con concentraciones de chl a relativamente bajas (5.5–19 µg/l) y una alta carga de materia inorgánica, 2) un grupo de lagunas salobres con una alta concentración de clorofila a (chl a) (62–90 µg/l) y una gran cantidad de seston orgánico, (dos lagunas en transición entre el grupo 1 y 2, y 3) una bahía completamente marina con una muy baja concentración de chl a (0.3 µg/l) y de seston. Las variaciones regionales en la salinidad de las lagunas se deben a la incursión de agua proveniente del Río Magdalena o a la entrada de agua de mar desde el Caribe. Todas las lagunas son de baja profundidad (menos de 2 m) con profundidades de disco Secchi pequeñas (20 a 30 cm). Con excepción de las lagunas salobres eutróficas, en donde ambos métodos mostraron a las cianobacterias como el grupo algal prevalente, se encontraron grandes discrepancias en la composición de las comunidades algales según el método aplicado.De acuerdo con el análisis microscópico, el fitoplancton de la bahía marina y el de las lagunas límnicas y transientes estuvo constituído principalmente (en varios casos exclusivamente) de diatomeas. Por otra parte, el análisis de pigmento indicó a las cianobacterias como el grupo algal dominante en todas las lagunas costeras, con un incremento porcentual desde las lagunas límnicas a través de las en transición hasta las lagunas salobres.La filtración fraccionada de fitoplancton marcado con 14C reveló que las algas con tamaño 〈5 µm en las lagunas costeras contribuyeron entre un 32-88% al total de radioactividad y las algas con tamaño 〉20 µm jugaron un rol insignificante en la producción primaria. Solamente en la bahía del mar Caribe el 14% del 14CO2 fue asimilado por organismos 〉20 µm. Asumimos que los organismos pequeños están poco representados en las observaciones microscópicas debido a las grandes dificultades en su conteo e identificación de, debido al detritus y/o sedimento presente en las muestras. Por esto, creemos que estos pequeños organismos (probablemente cianobacterias picoplanctónicas) son representadas de una mejor manera a través del análisis de pigmentos.
    Description: Published
    Description: Trophic status
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Pigments ; Coastal lagoons ; Phytoplankton ; Pigments ; Coastal lagoons
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: To understand the responses of the plankton community to the negative large-scale human impacts in a tropical coastal lagoon complex, we carried out a regional survey on primary productivity (PP), community respiration (CR), and contribution of different size fractions of the phytoplankton to overall PP. This comparative study was undertaken in several coastal lagoons within the Outer Delta of the Río Magdalena (Colombia) during the dry season(February/March). PP was measured using the 14C-method with in situ-incubations and CR was determined as oxygen demand, using the Winkler technique. According to their salinities the lagoons were separated into a brackish water group (salinity range 5.9 – 21.8) and a freshwater group, the latter being influenced directly by the Río Magdalena. In all of the lagoons the productive layer did not surpass 1 m in depth due to selfshading by the high density of plankton (brackish lagoons) or due to high amounts of suspended inorganic sediment particles introduced into the freshwater lagoons from the Río Magdalena. The brackish lagoons contained high chl a concentrations (62 – 130 µg/l) and were extremely productive (0.72 – 1.25 mg C/l/h in the most productive depth, usually at 0.1 m). The concentrations of chl a in the freshwater lagoons were much lower (5.5 – 19 µg/l), also the PP (0.073 – 0.32 mg C/l/h). In all of the studied lagoons the photosynthetic active algae were very small, algae 〉20 µm (microalgae) played only a very insignificant role with respect to PP. The assimilation index (AI) was quite high (11.6 – 18.5 mg C/mg chl a /h). Only in two of the lagoons the relatively low AI (6.9 – 7.4 mg C/mg chl a /h) was probably due to senescent phytoplankton algae. The depth-integrated PP rates in the brackish lagoons ranged from 1.40 – 5.76 g C/m2/d. Especially the enormous rate of 5.76 g C/m2/d which was representative for the central part of Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta demonstrated that this aquatic system belongs to the most productive ones world-wide. In the freshwater lagoons the daily PP measured 0.24 – 0.80 g C/m2. In the brackish lagoons the highly significant correlation between chl a and CR showed that the phytoplankton dark respiration was the dominant component, whereas the absence of a significant correlation in the freshwater lagoons demonstrated that here the heterotrophic microorganisms contributed more to community respiration. Only in three of the seven studied lagoons (among these Ciénaga Grande) planktonic primary production surpassed pelagic respiration, in the remaining four lagoons the deficit of organic material is probably compensated from allochthonous sources such as the mangrove fringes and/or river input.
    Description: Para entender las respuestas de los organismos planctónicos a los impactos humanos negativos a gran escala en un complejo costero lagunar tropical, se llevó acabo un estudio regional sobre productividad primaria (PP), respiración de la comunidad planctónica (RC), y contribución de diferentes tamaños de fitoplancton a la productividad total. Este estudio comparativo fue realizado en varias lagunas costeras del Delta Exterior del Río Magdalena durante la estación seca (febrero/marzo). La PP fue medida usando el método 14C con incubaciones in situ y la RC fue determinada por demanda de oxígeno usando la técnica Winkler. De acuerdo con las salinidades, las lagunas fueron separadas en el grupo de agua salobre (rango de salinidad entre 5.9 – 21.8) y en el grupo de agua dulce, este último directamente influenciado por el Río Magdalena. En todas las lagunas la zona productiva no soprepasó 1m de profundidad debido al autosombreo por la alta densidad planctónica (lagunas de agua salobre) o debido a la alta cantidad de sedimentos inorgánicos suspendidos, introducidos por el Río Magdalena a las lagunas de agua dulce. Las lagunas de agua salobre presentaron altas concentraciones de chl a (62 – 130 µg/l) y fueron extremadamente productivas (0.72 – 1.25 mg C/l/h en la profundidad más productiva, generalmente a 0.1 m). Las concentraciones de chl a en las lagunas de agua dulce fueron mucho más bajas (5.5 – 19 µg/l) y también la PP (0.073 – 0.32 mg C/l/h). En todas las lagunas estudiadas las algas fotosinteticamente activas fueron muy pequeñas, las algas 〉20 µm (microalgas) jugaron un papel insignificante con respecto a la PP. El índice de asimilación (IA) fue muy alto (11.6 – 18.5 mg C/mg chl a /h). Solamente en dos de las lagunas el relativamente bajo IA (6.9 – 7.4 mg C/mg chl a /h) fue debido probablemente a fitoplancton senescente. La tasa de PP integrada en las lagunas de agua salobre tuvo un rango de 1.40 – 5.76 g C/m2/d. En especial la enorme tasa de 5.76 g C/m2/d, la cual fue representativa de la parte central de Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, demuestra que este sistema acuático pertenece a los más productivos del mundo. En las lagunas de agua dulce la PP diaria estuvo entre 0.24 y 0.80 g C/m2. En las lagunas de agua salobre la correlación altamente significativa entre chl a y RC mostró que la respiración fitoplanctónica fue el componente dominante, mientras que la ausencia de una correlación significativa en las lagunas de agua dulce, demostró que allí los microorganismos heterotróficos contribuyeron más a la respiración de la comunidad. En tres de las siete lagunas (entre estas Ciénaga Grande), la producción primaria planctónica sobrepasó la respiración pelágica. En las otras lagunas la carencia de material orgánico es probablemente compensada por fuentes alóctonas tales como el manglar y/o las descargas riverinas.
    Description: Published
    Description: Planktonic respiration
    Keywords: Primary production ; Coastal lagoons ; Primary production ; Coastal lagoons
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.125-144
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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