Keywords:
Old growth forests.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
The first ever book to focus on the ecosystem functioning of old-growth forests, this exhaustive compendium contains original research by the authors and is global in scope, studying boreal forests in Canada, temperate old-growth forests, and tropical forests.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (518 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9783540927068
Series Statement:
Ecological Studies ; v.207
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=451147
DDC:
577.3
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- 143763_1_En_FM_OnlinePDF -- Homage to Ernst-Detlef Schulze -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 143763_1_En_Part_1_OnlinePDF -- Part I: Introduction -- 143763_1_En_1_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 1: Old-Growth Forests: Function, Fate and Value - an Overview -- 1.1 Old-Growth Forest Perception -- 1.2 Old-Growth Forest Services -- 1.3 Aims and Scope -- References -- 143763_1_En_2_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 2: Old-Growth Forest Definitions: a Pragmatic View -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Old-Growth Forest Definitions and their Limitations -- 2.2.1 Structural Definitions -- 2.2.2 Successional Definitions -- 2.2.3 Biogeochemical Definitions -- 2.3 Use of the Term ``Old-Growth´´ - a Literature Survey -- 2.4 Old-Growth and the Disturbance Spectrum -- 2.4.1 Temporal Scale -- 2.4.2 Spatial Scale -- 2.5 Identifying Old-Growth - the Conservation Perspective -- 2.6 Conclusions and Pragmatic Considerations -- References -- 143763_1_En_3_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 3: Old Trees and the Meaning of `Old´ -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Longevity of Conifers and Angiosperms -- 3.3 What Limits the Life Span of a Tree? -- 3.3.1 Programmed Cell Deathxe 1 senescence -- 3.3.2 Whole Plant Longevity -- Internal Versus External Factors -- 3.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 143763_1_En_Part_2_OnlinePDF -- Part II: Aboveground Processes2 -- 143763_1_En_4_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 4: Ecophysiological Characteristics of Mature Trees and Stands - Consequences for Old-Growth Forest Productivity -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Increased Respiratory Demand -- 4.3 Limitations of Photosynthesis -- 4.3.1 Hydraulic Limitation -- 4.3.2 Reduced Sink Strength -- 4.4 Stand-Level Controls -- 4.5 Community and Ecosystem Constraints on Age/Size-Productivity Relationships -- 4.5.1 Light, Water and Nutrient Availability.
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4.5.2 Shifts in Ecophysiological Traits with Changes in Community Composition -- 4.5.3 Imperfect Acclimatisation of Late-Successional to Full Sunlight: A Case Study on European Beech (Fagus sylvaticaxe Fagus -- 4.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 143763_1_En_5_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 5: The Imprint of Species Turnover on Old-Growth Forest Carbon Balances - Insights From a Trait-Based Model of Forest D -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 A Trait-Based Model of Forest Carbon Dynamics -- 5.2.1 Successional Guilds -- 5.2.2 Model Structure -- 5.2.3 Input Data -- 5.2.4 Model Setup -- 5.3 The Spectrum of Traits -- 5.4 Model Performance and Lessons from the Equilibrium Behaviour -- 5.5 The Spectrum of Carbon Trajectories in North American Forests -- 5.6 Determinants of Old-Growth Carbon Stock Changes -- 5.7 Discussion -- 5.7.1 Limitations of Our Approach -- 5.7.2 Comparison with Independent Data -- 5.7.3 Why so Few Declines? -- 5.8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 143763_1_En_6_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 6: Functional Relationships Between Old-Growth Forest Canopies, Understorey Light and Vegetation Dynamics -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Structural and Compositional Features of Old-Growth -- 6.3 Understorey Light Environments and Dynamics -- 6.4 Consequences for Understorey Vegetation Composition and Dynamics -- 6.4.1 Traitsxe 1 traits of the Understorey Vegetation -- 6.5 Acclimatisation of Plant Form and Function to Low Light Availability -- 6.6 Resource Allocation and Shade Tolerance -- 6.6.1 Comparison among Biomes and Forest Types -- 6.7 Conclusions -- References -- 143763_1_En_7_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 7: Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange of Old-Growth Forests: Processes and Pattern -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Characteristics of Old-Growth Forests Relevant for Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange -- 7.3 Exchange of Carbon Dioxide.
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7.4 Exchange of Water and Energy -- 7.5 Effect of Diffuse Light -- 7.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 143763_1_En_8_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- 8: Woody Detritus Mass and its Contribution to Carbon Dynamics of Old-Growth Forests: the Temporal Context -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Underlying Processes -- 8.2.1 Disturbance -- 8.2.2 Forest Re-Establishment -- 8.2.3 Mortality -- 8.2.4 Decomposition -- 8.2.5 CWD Amounts in Old-Growth Forests -- 8.3 Theoretical Trends -- 8.4 Comparison of Theoretical and Observed Temporal Trends -- 8.4.1 Studies Matching the Classic Model -- 8.4.2 Studies Not Matching the Classic Model -- 8.5 Effect of Management -- 8.6 Consequences for Net Ecosystem Carbon Balance -- 8.7 Reducing Observational Uncertainties -- 8.8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 143763_1_En_Part_3_OnlinePDF -- Part III: Belowground Processes2 -- 143763_1_En_9_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 9: Aboveground and Belowground Consequences of Long-Term Forest Retrogression in the Timeframe of Millennia and Beyond -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Lake Islands in Northern Sweden xe 0 Sweden -- 9.3 Retrogressive Successions Elsewhere in the World -- 9.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 143763_1_En_10_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 10: Rooting Patterns of Old-Growth Forests: is Aboveground Structural and Functional Diversity Mirrored Belowground? -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 What Comprises Belowground Structural Diversity? -- 10.3 Root Gaps and Horizontal Variation in Rooting Density in Old-Growth Forests -- 10.4 Pit-and-Mound Topographyxe 1 pit-and-mound topography in Old-Growth Forest -- 10.5 Old-Growth Structures Harbouring Roots -- 10.6 Influence of Stand Age on Diversity of Functional Root Types, Mycorrhizae, and the Vertical Patterning of Root Systems -- 10.7 Conclusions -- References -- 143763_1_En_11_Chapter_OnlinePDF.
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Chapter 11: Soil Carbon Accumulationin Old-Growth Forests -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Development of Soil Carbon Stocks in Ecosystems -- 11.3 Soil Carbon Storage in Old-Growth Forests -- 11.3.1 Effects of Quantity and Quality of Input Material -- 11.3.2 Effects of Organic Matter Decomposition and Soil Respiration -- 11.3.3 Drainage of Dissolved Carbon from Forest Ecosystems -- 11.3.4 Soil Carbon Stock Changes -- 11.4 Case Study of Soil Carbon Sequestration in a 250-Year-Old Beech Forest -- 11.4.1 Site Description and Experimental Setup -- 11.4.2 Historical Carbon Export -- 11.4.3 Soil Respiration in Hainich NP -- 11.4.4 Carbon Export to the Liquid Phase -- 11.4.5 Development of Carbon Stocks -- 11.5 Discussion of Carbon Stock Changes -- 11.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 143763_1_En_12_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 12: Is There a Theoretical Limit to Soil Carbon Storage in Old-Growth Forests? A Model Analysis with Contrasting Approaches -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Observations of Old-Growth Forest Carbon Balance -- 12.3 Is There a Theoretical Limit to Soil Carbon Storage? -- 12.3.1 Classical Carbon Pool Models -- 12.3.2 Alternative Model Concepts of Soil Carbon Dynamics -- 12.3.3 Complicating Factors not Considered -- 12.4 Perspectives for a New Generation of Models -- 12.4.1 Models Connecting the Decay Rate of Soil Carbon to the Size, Activity and Functional Diversity of Microbe Populations -- 12.4.2 Determining the Mechanisms Stabilising Recalcitrant Soil Carbon -- 12.5 Conclusions -- References -- 143763_1_En_Part_4_OnlinePDF -- Part IV: Biomes2 -- 143763_1_En_13_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 13: Old-Growth Forests in the Canadian Boreal: the Exception Rather than the Rule? -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Abundance of Old-Growth Forests -- 13.3 Characteristics of Old-Growth Boreal Forests.
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13.3.1 Old-Growth Black Spruce Boreal Forest -- 13.3.2 Old-Growth Mixedwood Boreal Forest -- 13.3.3 Characterisation of Old-Growth Boreal Forests -- 13.4 Implications for Forest Managementxe 1 forest:management -- 13.5 Conclusions -- References -- 143763_1_En_14_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 14: Biomass Chronosequences of United States Forests: Implications for Carbon Storage and Forest Management -- 14.1 Forest Management and Carbon Sequestration -- 14.2 Mechanisms of Biomass Decline -- 14.2.1 Transition from Even- to Uneven-Aged Stand Structure -- 14.2.2 Large Mortality Events -- 14.2.3 Successional Changes in Growth Conditions -- 14.2.4 Species Effects on Forest Stature -- 14.3 Aboveground Biomass Chronosequences for US Forests -- 14.3.1 Methods -- 14.3.2 Results -- 14.4 Discussion -- 14.4.1 Late-Successional AGB Trajectories -- 14.4.2 Summary and Validity of Results -- 14.4.3 Implications -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 143763_1_En_15_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- Chapter 15: Temperate and Boreal Old-Growth Forests: How do Their Growth Dynamics and Biodiversity Differ from Young Stands and Managed Fo -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Global Distribution of Temperate and Boreal Forests -- 15.3 Productivity of Temperate and Boreal Forests -- 15.4 Disturbance and Forest Succession at the Regional Scale -- 15.5 Effects of Management -- 15.6 Forest Management and Forest Protection in Europe -- 15.7 Conclusions -- References -- 143763_1_En_16_Chapter_OnlinePDF -- 16: Old-Growth Temperate Rainforests of South America: Conservation, Plant-Animal Interactions, and Baseline Biogeochemical -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Conservation Status, Values and Threats -- 16.2.1 Main Threats -- 16.2.2 Values -- 16.2.3 Conservationxe 1 conservation Prospects -- 16.3 Plant-Animal Interactions -- 16.4 Biogeochemistry.
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16.4.1 Relevant Features of the Nitrogen Cycle in Unpolluted South American Forests.
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