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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2214
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Objective  To compare rates and social patterning of household smoking and breastfeeding in families with newborn infants in birth cohorts in Coventry, UK and Veria, North Greece.Methods  Infants born in 1996 in Coventry, 1999 in Veria were recruited into birth cohort studies using similar methodologies. In Coventry recruitment was by family health visitor at the primary visit; in Veria, hospital-based paediatricians enrolled infants at the neonatal examination. Data were collected at the initial contact on household smoking, type of feeding, and household socio-demographic characteristics. Rates of initial breastfeeding and household smoking with 95% confidence intervals were estimated and breastfeeding and household smoking regressed on parental education and housing tenure in logistic regression models.Results  Data were available on 2612 Coventry infants and 773 Veria infants. Rates of household smoking and breastfeeding were higher in Veria compared to Coventry. In Coventry, living in rented accommodation and lower maternal and paternal education were associated with household smoking and bottle feeding. Logistic regression models fitted on initiation of breastfeeding failed to show social patterning in Veria but more educated mothers showed a longer duration of breastfeeding. Only low paternal education was associated with household smoking after adjustment for maternal education and housing tenure.Conclusions  Smoking and breastfeeding are more prevalent among households with young infants in Veria compared with Coventry. The social patterning of health-related behaviours noted in Coventry is less marked in Veria. The relevance of these findings for public health interventions in the contrasting settings is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-08-13
    Description: In the period 2011 June–October, a tectonic swarm of nearly 1222 earthquakes occurred in the Messenia prefecture at the southwestern region of the Peloponnese Peninsula. The swarm happened in the Messenia's Upper Quaternary basin, 25 km NW of the city of Kalamata, and migrated from NNW towards SSE. The largest earthquakes occurred in 2011 August 14 ( M w  = 4.8), September 14 ( M w  = 4.6) and October 10 ( M w  = 4.7), caused moderate structural damages mainly in old houses in four villages and produced particular unrest to the local population. We have investigated the monthly migration of the swarm using Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR), presenting for the first time a very close look at the deformation evolution that may reveal an aseismic slip component of the total movement. The geodetically derived slip distribution for the first 4 months revealed that slip migrated laterally along strike (north to south) and vertically from a deep portion, at ~2.8 km depth, to a shallow portion, at less than 0.5 km, of the fault plane, and concluded its migration towards the surface with a very shallow M w  4.7 event of 2011 October 10 surprisingly detected by DInSAR.
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-06-07
    Description: In the period 2011 June–October, a tectonic swarm of nearly 1222 earthquakes occurred in the Messenia prefecture at the southwestern region of the Peloponnese Peninsula. The swarm happened in the Messenia’s Upper Quaternary basin, 25 km NW of the city of Kalamata, and migrated from NNW towards SSE. The largest earthquakes occurred in 2011 August 14 (Mw = 4.8), September 14 (Mw = 4.6) and October 10 (Mw = 4.7), caused moderate structural damages mainly in old houses in four villages and produced particular unrest to the local population. We have investigated the monthly migration of the swarm using Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR), presenting for the first time a very close look at the deformation evolution that may reveal an aseismic slip component of the total movement. The geodetically derived slip distribution for the first 4 months revealed that slip migrated laterally along strike (north to south) and vertically from a deep portion, at ∼2.8 km depth, to a shallow portion, at less than 0.5 km, of the fault plane, and concluded its migration towards the surface with a very shallow Mw 4.7 event of 2011 October 10 surprisingly detected by DInSAR.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1302–1309
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: SAR interferometry ; seismic swarm ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-06-07
    Description: On June 8, 2008 a Mw = 6.4 earthquake occurred in NW Peloponnese, western Greece. This event is the largest strike-slip earthquake to occur in western Greece during the past 25 years. No surface rupture was observed. Many rock falls, slides, and liquefaction features have been found as is typical for an earthquake of this size. Double-difference relocations of 370 aftershocks show a linear pattern of events and define a clear NE-SW striking mainshock fault plane. The hypocentrer was determined at 18 km depth beneath village Mihoi in SW Achaia. The 24-hr aftershock region extends approximately 30 km in length, and the width of the surface projection of the aftershocks ranges between 5–10 km. The depth of the aftershocks rarely exceeds 22 km. Analysis of high-rate GPS data showed that station RLS (Riolos) which is located 12.8 km N5 W of the epicenter was displaced co-seismically 7 mm to the North in agreement with right-lateral kinematics of the rupture. Static (Coulomb) stress transfer analysis indicates loading of faults near the towns of Patras (north) and Amaliada (south), respectively. The earthquake put more emphasis on the role of strike-slip in the deformation of western Greece also indicating that seismic strain is partitioned between strike-slip and normal-slip events due to obliquity of the Nubia (Africa) – Eurasia convergence.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1101-1124
    Description: 1.9. Rete GPS nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Western Greece ; Strike-Slip ; Seismicity ; GPS ; HypoDD ; Coulomb Stress ; Active Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-06-07
    Description: We report cm-size dynamic displacements of continuous GPS stations onshore the island of Cephalonia, Ionian Sea, Greece, following the passage of seismic waves from two (2) shallow earthquakes on Jan 26, 2014 and Feb 3, 2014, respectively. First, we estimated the displacements from the high-rate GPS data collected at NOA station VLSM, near to the epicenters, by using state-of-art data processing strategies. The time series of displacements were analyzed both in time and frequency domains. From the dynamic analysis of 1Hz data it is shown that the second event was recorded at station VLSM with higher amplitudes on both horizontal components, despite its smaller (22 %) moment magnitude, possibly due to its shallower depth. The static field of deformation is characterized by cm-size permanent motion in opposing directions between stations KIPO (western Cephalonia) and VLSM (eastern Cephalonia), in agreement with the right-lateral kinematics of both ruptures. The 7.4 cm northward motion of station KIPO implies that the western peninsula of Cephalonia island (Paliki) belongs to a separate crustal block with respect to the rest of the island. The northward motion of KIPO also implies that the Cephalonia Transform Fault (CTF) did not rupture during the 2014 events, because KIPO is located at the hanging wall of CTF. It is possible that the amount of accumulated strain along CTF since 1983 (M=6.8) can be released by a seismic event of M6.5-6.7, at any time.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5-27
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: GPS Seismology, Earthquakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-06-07
    Description: This article has been accepted for publication in Geophysical Journal International ©: The Authors 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy.
    Description: We investigated the kinematic rupture model of the 2018 Mw 6.8 Zakynthos, Ionian Sea (Greece), earthquake by using a non-linear joint inversion of strong motion data, high-rate GPS time series, and static co-seismic GPS displacements. We also tested inversion results against tide-gauge recordings of the small tsunami generated in the Ionian Sea. In order to constrain the fault geometry, we performed several preliminary kinematic inversions by assuming the parameter values resulting from different published moment tensor solutions. The lowest cost function values were obtained by using the geometry derived from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) focal solution. Between the two conjugate USGS planes, the rupture model which better fits the data is the one with the N9° E-striking 39°-ESE-dipping plane. The rupture history of this model is characterized by a bi-lateral propagation, featuring two asperities; a main slip patch extending between 14 and 28 km in depth, 9 km northeast from the nucleation and a slightly shallower small patch located 27 km southwest from the nucleation. The maximum energy release occurs between 8 s and 12 s, when both patches are breaking simultaneously. The maximum slip is 1.8 m and the total seismic moment is 2.4 × 1019 Nm, corresponding to a Mw value of 6.8. The slip angle shows a dominant right-lateral strike-slip mechanism, with a minor reverse component that increases on the deeper region of the fault. This result, in addition to the observed possibility of similar mechanisms for previous earthquakes occurred in 1959 and 1997, suggests that the tectonic deformation between the Cephalonia Transform Fault Zone and the northern tip of the Hellenic Arc Subduction zone may be accommodated by prevailing right lateral low-dipping faults, occurring on re-activated structures previously experiencing (until Pliocene) compressional regime. Comparison of predicted and observed tsunami data suggests the need of a better characterisation of local harbour response for this type of relatively short-wavelength events, which is important in the context of tsunami early warning. However, the suggested dominantly strike-slip character would in turn imply a reduced tsunami hazard as compared to a dominant thrust faulting regime from this source region.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1043–1054
    Description: 3T. Sorgente sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-06-07
    Description: On 8 June 2008 an Mw(NOA)=6.4 earthquake occurred in NW Peloponnesus, western Greece. This event is the largest strike-slip earthquake to occur in western Greece during the past 25 years. The hypocentre was determined at 18 km depth beneath village Mihoi in SW Achaia. No surface rupture was observed. Many rock falls, slides and liquefaction features have been found as is typical for an earthquake of this size. Double-difference relocations of 370 aftershocks show a linear pattern of events and define a clear NE-SW striking mainshock fault plane. The aftershock region extends approximately 30 km in length, and the width of the surface projection of the aftershocks is as large as 10 km. The depth of the aftershocks rarely exceeds 22 km. Analysis of high-rate GPS data showed that station RLS (Riolos) which is located 12.8 km N5°W of the epicentre was displaced co-seismically 7 mm to the North in agreement with right-lateral kinematics of the rupture. Static (Coulomb) stress transfer analysis indicates loading of faults near the towns of Patras (north) and Amaliada (south), respectively. The earthquake put more emphasis on the role of strike-slip fault in the deformation of western Greece also indicating that seismic strain is partitioned between strike-slip and normal-slip events due to obliquity of the Nubia (Africa) subduction and the N-S extension of the overriding Aegean upper plate
    Description: Submitted
    Description: 1.9. TTC - Rete GPS nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: earthquake ; strike-slip ; aftershoks ; stress modeling ; Greece ; double-difference ; static displacement ; active tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: manuscript
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-06-10
    Description: On 26 January 2014 at 13:55 UTC, an Mw 6.0 earthquake struck the island of Cephalonia, Greece, followed five hours later by an Mw 5.3 aftershock and by an Mw 5.9 event on 3 February 2014 at 03:08 UTC (National Observatory of Athens, Institute of Geodynamics [NOA-GI]). The epicenter of theMw 6.0 event was relocated 2 km east of the town of Lixouri, and that of the Mw 5.9 event at the tip of the Gulf of Argostoli, in the northern part of the Paliki peninsula (Fig. 1; Karastathis et al., 2014; Papadopoulos et al., 2014). Extensive structural damage and widespread environmental effects were induced throughout the Paliki peninsula and along the eastern coast of the Gulf of Argostoli (Valkaniotis et al., 2014). Quays, sidewalks, and piers were damaged in the waterfront areas of the towns of Lixouri and Argostoli, the island capital, and liquefactions, road failures, rock falls, and small landslides were observed.Most of the latter effects took place in the aftermath of the 26 January 2014 event and were reactivated one week later by the 3 February earthquake. In this paper, we derive the 3D surface deformation field associated with the 3 February 2014Mw 5.9 event based on the application of three different measurement techniques to Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) acquisitions from the Italian Space Agency (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana [ASI]) COSMO– SkyMed satellites and the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) Tan- DEM-X satellite. We then model the main seismic sources and their associated slip distributions, comparing the latter with improved hypocenter relocations, which allows us to speculate on the possible rupture mechanism. Finally, we discuss the contribution of our findings to the characterization of the seismogenic sources of this region.
    Description: Published
    Description: 124-137
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Crustal Deformation ; Cephalonia Earthquake ; InSAR ; Multi Aperture Interferometry MAI ; Tectonics ; CFF analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-06-14
    Description: Here, we present the source mechanism and rupture process for the destructive 24 January 2020 Mw 6.7 Doğanyol–Sivrice earthquake at the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ, Turkey), obtained from seismological waveform analysis and space geodetic observations. Multi-data analyses and modelling in the present study provide fundamental data and strong constraints for retrieving complex source mechanism of an earthquake and its spatiotemporal slip characteristics along the ruptured segment of fault. The acquired slip model of this earthquake reveals heterogeneous slip distribution along strike N244°E of the fault plane dipping NW (68°) with duration of the source time function (STF) and low stress drop value (Δσ) of ~25 s and ~ 6 bars, respectively. Back-projection analysis validates fault length (L) stretching along strike for a distance of ~75 km and supports predominant south-westerly bilateral rupture propagation with a variable rupture velocity (Vr) of ~2.3–3.4 km/s along with two main patches, presumably a sequence of two asperities being ruptured following the surface trace of the EAFZ. The distribution of aftershocks based on the analysis of two months long data consistently confirms spreading of seismicity along the ruptured fault. The evaluation of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data reveals that left-lateral co-seismic slip and significant deformation extends for ~20 km on either side of the fault with evident post-seismic displacement. Yet, no significant vertical offsets were observed as GNSS stations detected only horizontal motions. Coda-wave analysis as an independent tool also confirms moment magnitude of Mw 6.7. Our results highlight a case of a damaging earthquake and enhance our understanding of earthquake mechanics, continental deformation and augmented earthquake risk on the EAFZ.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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