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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of surgical stress and nitrous oxide anaesthesia on peri-operative plasma levels of total homocysteineA randomised, controlled study in general surgery (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies of patients have shown that anaesthesia with nitrous oxide (N2O) increases the plasma levels of total homocysteine. In a randomised, controlled trial we measured the plasma total homocysteine levels in patients undergoing general surgery before and after anaesthesia with and without N2O. Plasma total homocysteine levels were measured before anaesthesia and 1, 3–5 and 24 h after incision in 24 patients randomly allocated to anaesthesia with N2O (n = 12) and without N2O (n = 12). Total homocysteine levels significantly decreased from 10.4 ± 2.7 to 8.2 ± 2.9 µmol.l−1 in the non-N2O group 24 h after incision (p 〈 0.02), while they tended to increase slightly in the N2O group from 10.5 ± 4.5 to 10.9 ± 4.3 µmol.l−1 (p 〉 0.05). Our randomised controlled study indicates that total homocysteine decreases after general surgery in patients in whom anaesthesia is maintained without N2O, but not in patients in whom anaesthesia is maintained with N2O.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.01374-2.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indomethacin-induced intestinal ulcers in rats: Effects of salicylazosulfapyridine and dexamethasone (1985)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 16 (1985), S. 393-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Characteristics of inflammatory bowel diseases have been hypothesized to resemble those of the syndrome of intestinal ulceration induced in the rat by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compounds. However, no systematic studies have been undertaken to examine this possibility. Therefore, we have studied the influence of some pharmacological agents, such as steroids and salicylazosulfapyridine (SAS), which are clinically useful in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, and to review published data on other pharmacological approaches commonly used for the therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases that have been shown to counteract indomethacin-induced intestinal toxicity. Orally administered SAS 100 to 800 mg/kg or dexamethasone 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg exerted dose-related, anti-ulcer activity, with ED50 values and 95% confidence limits of 145 (95–222) mg/kg SAS and 0.184 (0.152–0.224) mg/kg dexamethasone. Other treatments, including cholestyramine, lowresidue diets and antibiotics have also been reported to ameliorate clinical and experimental intestinal diseases. The clinical significance of present findings has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01982878
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of inflammatory angiogenesis in rats by loco-regional administration of hydrocortisone and protamine (1994)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 42 (1994), S. 40-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Corticosteroids ; Protamine ; Angiogenesis ; Inflammation ; Vessels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the antiangiogenetic effects of hydrocortisone and protamine given intra-arterially. The cornea of male, Sprague-Dawley rats were cauterized with silver nitrate. The following treatments were given :30 μg hydrocortisone topical (t.p.), b.i.d., 50 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally (i.p.) or intra-arterially (i.a.), 10 mg/ kg/day protamine i.p. or i.a. Saline was administered to the control groups. In separate experiments we also evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of hydrocortisone, i.p., on the cauterized corneas. Five days after cauterization, the animals were killed, exsanguinated and India ink was injected to show the network of neovessels. The percentage area of the cornea covered by neovessels was measured morphometrically and evaluated statistically. Hydrocortisone t.p. (−84%), i.a. (−60%) and protamine i.a. (−44%) significantly inhibited angiogenesis in the cauterized cornea. Either drugs, i.p., had any antiangiogenetic effects, but hydrocortisone significantly reduced cell infiltration of the corneas. The results suggest that locoregional administration of antiangiogenetic drugs might be clinically useful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02014298
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen free radicals interact with indomethacin to cause gastrointestinal injury (1986)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 17 (1986), S. 484-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the present study it was shown that, unlikely MK447, a known oxygen free radical compound, PGE2 is much less effective against indomethacin-induced G.I. ulcers than against ethanol damage. It seems likely that factors other than PG deficiency (such as oxygen free radicals), could be involved in the pathogenesis of NSAID-induced G.I. damage. Some compounds that can capture free radicals (aminopyrine, thiourea and its derivative, MK 447) or that inhibit the lipoxygenase pathway (MK 447, salicylazosulfapyridine, BW 755, benoxaprofen) are able to abolish indomethacin-induced G.I. damage. After irradiation with hydroxyl free radicals, indomethacin reacts with them to cause marked G.I. injury, even at a submaximal dose, one poorly ulcerogenic by itself. The above findings suggest that oxygen free radicals are one of the causal factors in the formation of NSAID-induced G.I. side effects. Some of the data in this paper were presented at Fermo, August 31, 1984 (Advanced course on ‘oxygen and sulfur radicals in chemistry and medicine’) and at the 9th Iuphar International Congress of Pharmacology in London, July 30, 1984.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01965518
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue response to polyester mesh for hernia repair: An ultramicroscopic study in man (1998)
    Springer
    Hernia 2 (1998), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Hernia ; Biomaterials ; Polyester ; Wound healing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied by ultramicroscopy the tissue response after mesh hernia repair. 11 patients, bearing dacron mesh from 7 days to 9 years, were biopsied during later operations. There were two groups of patients: 6 with a normal tissue response and 5 with rejection of the mesh. We observed that mesh repair was characterised by development of a foreign-body giant cell layer around the fibres, the presence of macrophages in an intermediate layer and fibroblasts in the outer layer. Collagen fibres and bundles ran between the giant cells and the host tissues. When the mesh was rejected, there were no chronic inflammatory cells and collagen bundles were reabsorbed. In the peripheral areas where the mesh-integrated tissue still persisted, there was a considerable reduction in the numbers of the giant cells and there were red blood cells and acute inflammatory cells instead of macrophages and epithelioid cells. Collagen was reduced to fibrils. From our results, mesh-tissue repair seems to be a dynamic and unstable process characterised by chronic inflammation and continuous collagen maturation. During the development, the tissue response to the mesh, as with any inflammatory condition, makes colorisation by hematogenic bacteria easier. Infection can destroy the capsule around the mesh and causes its rejection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01250023
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late rejection of the mesh after laparoscopic hernia repair (1998)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 455-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Hernia — Biomaterials — Laparoscopy — Polypropylene — Infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We report the first case of late rejection of a mesh after laparoscopic hernia repair. It occurred in a 48-year-old man who had had a laparoscopic hernia repair by transabdominal preperitoneal approach 3 years earlier. The most characteristic finding was the slow development of a firm mass in the right groin, without pain or fistula. At admission 3 months later, US and CT scans demonstrated a necrotic mass extending into both iliac fossa. The mass was approached through a midline incision. Pus was taken for microscopic examination (negative), and the mesh was removed, along with several staples. Ultramicroscopic examination of the mesh showed breakdown of the fibers, collagen reduction, and no chronic inflammatory cells. No infectious cause of inflammation was identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900704
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospective study of healing time after hemorrhoidectomy (1999)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 42 (1999), S. 1140-1144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Hemorrhoids ; Wound healing ; Rectal diseases ; Anal diseases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Hemorrhoids and rectal diseases are very frequent in HIV-positive patients, especially in those with homosexual habits. This study was designed to compare posthemorrhoidectomy healing time in such patients, and evaluate the role of various factors related to their HIV-positive status. METHODS: The study involved a prospective series of 48 male patients (32 HIV-seropositive and 16 with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) who underwent hemorrhoidectomy between 1992 and 1996; 20 agematched and gender-matched seronegative patients were retrospectively identified as controls. Healing times, post-operative complications, and wound infections were recorded, and the delaying effect of CD4+, Karnofsky Index scores, and HIV-ribonucleic acid were evaluated. Between-group differences were analyzed using Cox's model, Student'st-test, chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact probability test.P values of 〈0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Cox's model revealed that HIV positivity and the presence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome significantly delayed wound healing, which also correlated with the presence of infection. The healing rate in HIV-positive patients was 66 percent after 14 weeks and 100 percent after 32 weeks; the corresponding figures for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were 0 and 50 percent. All of the controls were healed after 14 weeks (P〈0.01vs. both the patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and HIV+ patients). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention HIV-positive status (including CD4+ counts) and the performance status proved to be of prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the indications for hemorrhoidectomy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome need to be considered extremely carefully because of the high incidence of delayed wound healing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02238565
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protection of gastric mucosa in rats (1986)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 31 (1986), S. 289-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the protective effects of truncal vagotomy, atropine, and PGE2 against gastric mucosal injury produced by necrotizing agents (0.2 N NaOH, 0.6 N HCl, absolute ethanol), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and HCl, or serotonin (5HT). Vagotomy, atropine, and PGE2 prevent the effects of different noxious agents. Vagotomy is protective only against 5HT and against ASA+0.15 N or 0.35 N HCl, whereas atropine and PGE2 are also protective against the necrotizing agents. The effectiveness of vagotomy against ASA+0.35 N HCl does not depend on the inhibition of acid secretion and supports the hypothesis that removal of the vagal drive counteracts the effect of H+ back-diffusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01318121
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of autonomic nervous system on gastric damage by ethanol in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 34 (1989), S. 688-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: ethanol ; vagus nerve ; vagotomy ; anticholinergics ; adrenergic system ; celiac nerve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To study whether or not the autonomic nervous system influences the defense mechanisms of the gastric mucosa, groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were given stimulants and inhibitors of the different components of the vagus and celiac nerves before administration of absolute or 70% w/v ethanol. The effects of vagotomy and sympathectomy on “adaptive cytoprotection” were studied, as were the effects of blocking the muscarinic receptors and stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors. We found that: (1) cholinomimetic agents and norepinephrine make the damage caused by 70% ethanol worse; (2) atropine is the only agent that fully protects against absolute ethanol; (3) vagotomy and sympathectomy abolish the effects of atropine and adaptive cytoprotection; and (4) β-adrenergic stimulation replaces conditions that allow adaptive cytoprotection and the protection by anticholinergics. These results suggest that two different reflexes are triggered by ethanol: when low concentrations are given, the β-adrenergic-mediated effect is prevalent, with protection of the mucosa; when high concentrations are given, the cholinergic- mediated effect is prevalent with damage of the mucosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540339
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different ways to damage and protect gastric mucosa (1983)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 28 (1983), S. 1150-1150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01295817
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