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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial uptake of DOM released from P-limited phytoplankton (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 46 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The growth and the structure of a coastal bacterioplankton community were monitored in short-term bottle experiments in order to investigate the bacterial uptake of extracellular organic carbon released by the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium grown under P-balanced and P-depleted conditions. Bacterial specific growth rates and carbon demand were significantly lower in the exudates from P-depleted algae (24% and 30% reduction, respectively). The origin of the extracellular carbon appeared also to affect the taxonomic composition of the bacterioplankton assemblage, mainly reducing the development of γ-Proteobacteria. This pattern of bacterial carbon uptake could contribute to a longer persistence of the exudates released in P-depleted conditions affecting the dynamics of the carbon cycle in marine environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(03)00197-1
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of macro-detritivores density on leaf detritus processing rate: a macrocosm experiment (2000)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 435 (2000), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Detritus processing ; Macroinvertebrate density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of macroinvertebrate detritivore density on the mass loss rates of leaf litter of Alnus glutinosa (alder) was assessed. Experimental freshwater macrocosms, with increasing densities of four species of macroinvertebrate detritivores belonging to two functional groups (shredders and scrapers), were set up outdoors. The litter bag technique was used to assess decomposition rates of alder leaves. Indirect effects of increasing density of macroinvertebrates on phytoplankton standing crop in the water column were investigated by analysing Chlorophyll a concentration. Decomposition rate increased as animal density increased, although a continuous increase in detritivores density resulted in a discrete, step-wise increase of the decomposition rates. Animal colonisation followed an exponential pattern in low-medium density treatments versus a typical `bell-shape' curve in high density treatments; animals started to leave the consumed patches when about 60% of the initial leaf mass was lost (35th day in high-density treatments). Diversity (Hs) of the simplified detritivore community decreased as decomposition proceeded, with a dominance of shredders during the last phase of decomposition. Faster decomposition rate of detritus in the benthic compartment lead to a higher microalgae standing crop in the water column emphasising the role of allochthonous detritus as a source of nutrients for algae primary production in coastal freshwater ecotones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004033410895
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    A New Network for the Advancement of Marine Biotechnology in Europe and Beyond (2020)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Marine organisms produce a vast diversity of metabolites with biological activities useful for humans, e.g., cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-microbial, insecticidal, herbicidal, anticancer, pro-osteogenic and pro-regenerative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, cholesterol-lowering, nutritional, photoprotective, horticultural or other beneficial properties. These metabolites could help satisfy the increasing demand for alternative sources of nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, food, feed, and novel bio-based products. In addition, marine biomass itself can serve as the source material for the production of various bulk commodities (e.g., biofuels, bioplastics, biomaterials). The sustainable exploitation of marine bio-resources and the development of biomolecules and polymers are also known as the growing field of marine biotechnology. Up to now, over 35,000 natural products have been characterized from marine organisms, but many more are yet to be uncovered, as the vast diversity of biota in the marine systems remains largely unexplored. Since marine biotechnology is still in its infancy, there is a need to create effective, operational, inclusive, sustainable, transnational and transdisciplinary networks with a serious and ambitious commitment for knowledge transfer, training provision, dissemination of best practices and identification of the emerging technological trends through science communication activities. A collaborative (net)work is today compelling to provide innovative solutions and products that can be commercialized to contribute to the circular bioeconomy. This perspective article highlights the importance of establishing such collaborative frameworks using the example of Ocean4Biotech, an Action within the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) that connects all and any stakeholders with an interest in marine biotechnology in Europe and beyond.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: archive
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    The Essentials of Marine Biotechnology (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Coastal countries have traditionally relied on the existing marine resources (e.g., fishing, food, transport, recreation, and tourism) as well as tried to support new economic endeavors (ocean energy, desalination for water supply, and seabed mining). Modern societies and lifestyle resulted in an increased demand for dietary diversity, better health and well-being, new biomedicines, natural cosmeceuticals, environmental conservation, and sustainable energy sources. These societal needs stimulated the interest of researchers on the diverse and underexplored marine environments as promising and sustainable sources of biomolecules and biomass, and they are addressed by the emerging field of marine (blue) biotechnology. Blue biotechnology provides opportunities for a wide range of initiatives of commercial interest for the pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, food, feed, agricultural, and related industries. This article synthesizes the essence, opportunities, responsibilities, and challenges encountered in marine biotechnology and outlines the attainment and valorization of directly derived or bio-inspired products from marine organisms. First, the concept of bioeconomy is introduced. Then, the diversity of marine bioresources including an overview of the most prominent marine organisms and their potential for biotechnological uses are described. This is followed by introducing methodologies for exploration of these resources and the main use case scenarios in energy, food and feed, agronomy, bioremediation and climate change, cosmeceuticals, bio-inspired materials, healthcare, and well-being sectors. The key aspects in the fields of legislation and funding are provided, with the emphasis on the importance of communication and stakeholder engagement at all levels of biotechnology development. Finally, vital overarching concepts, such as the quadruple helix and Responsible Research and Innovation principle are highlighted as important to follow within the marine biotechnology field. The authors of this review are collaborating under the European Commission-funded Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action Ocean4Biotech – European transdisciplinary networking platform for marine biotechnology and focus the study on the European state of affairs.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: image
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Geochemical characterization of an urban lake in the centre of Rome (Lake Bullicante, Italy) (2021)
    SGI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: Urban lakes have become increasingly important in the planning of urban ecology, green infrastructure and green areas in European cities. This paper describes the chemical, isotope and microbial features of Lake Bullicante, a small artificial lake located within the urban area of the city of Rome. It has an anthropogenic origin due to excavation works that intercepted the underlying aquifer, giving rise to a water body. The lake area is 7.000 m2, with a maximum depth of 7 m and located on the distal deposits of the Alban Hills Volcanic District in an area named "Acqua Bullicante" (i.e. Bubbling Water), where degassing phenomena were historically recorded. The proximity of this volcanic district motivated the study on Lake Bullicante as a potential open-air laboratory to trace possible degassing phenomena in a highly urbanized area. A preliminary geochemical and microbial sampling survey was carried out in winter 2018. Samples were collected along a vertical profile of the lake from the surface to the maximum depth. Major, minor, trace elements, dissolved gases and stable isotopes (δD-H2O, δ18O- H2O, δ13C-CO2) were analyzed, along with the analysis of 87Sr/86Sr ratio. The microbial community characteristics were analysed by epifluorescence microscopy (CARD-FISH) and flow cytometry. The chemical composition and water isotopes suggest that lake water has a meteoric origin and is related to a Ca-HCO3 shallow aquifer hosted in volcanic rocks. This is confirmed by both the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of lake water, which falls in the range of values of Alban Hills volcanites, and the chemical-isotopic composition of neighboring wells. A relatively high concentration of dissolved CO2, its isotopic signature (δ^13C-CO2 20‰ V-PDB), and the high content in organic matter (DOC 10-30 mg/L) suggest for the lake a eutrophication state with denitrification also occurring. Considering the relatively high concentrations of dissolved CO2, an external input of carbon dioxide cannot be completely excluded and as a consequence, not even the hypothesis of mixing processes between biotic and inorganic CO2. This makes further investigations necessary especially during the summer, when the lake is stratified. A summer survey could be also useful to better understand the microbial processes into the lake, its eutrophication evolution and health status, and to plan eventual proper remediation strategies, providing important tools to the local administration and stakeholders to improve, protect and preserve this ecological niche.
    Description: Published
    Description: 436-449
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Lake Bullicante, fluid geochemistry, microbiology, Rome, Alban Hill Volcanic District
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
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    Geochemical characterization of an urban lake in the centre of Rome (Lake Bullicante, Italy) (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-16
    Description: Urban lakes have become increasingly important in the planning of urban ecology, green infrastructure and green areas in European cities. This paper describes the chemical, isotope and microbial features of Lake Bullicante, a small artificial lake located within the urban area of the city of Rome. It has an anthropogenic origin due to excavation works that intercepted the underlying aquifer, giving rise to a water body. The lake area is 7.000 m2, with a maximum depth of 7 m and located on the distal deposits of the Alban Hills Volcanic District in an area named “Acqua Bullicante” (i.e. Bubbling Water), where degassing phenomena were historically recorded. The proximity of this volcanic district motivated the study on Lake Bullicante as a potential open-air laboratory to trace possible degassing phenomena in a highly urbanized area. A preliminary geochemical and microbial sampling survey was carried out in winter 2018. Samples were collected along a vertical profile of the lake from the surface to the maximum depth. Major, minor, trace elements, dissolved gases and stable isotopes (δD-H2O, δ18OH 2O, δ13C-CO2) were analyzed, along with the analysis of 87Sr/86Sr ratio. The microbial community characteristics were analysed by epifluorescence microscopy (CARD-FISH) and flow cytometry. The chemical composition and water isotopes suggest that lake water has a meteoric origin and is related to a Ca-HCO3 shallow aquifer hosted in volcanic rocks. This is confirmed by both the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of lake water, which falls in the range of values of Alban Hills volcanites, and the chemical-isotopic composition of neighboring wells. A relatively high concentration of dissolved CO2, its isotopic signature (d13C-CO2 20‰ V-PDB), and the high content in organic matter (DOC 10-30 mg/L) suggest for the lake a eutrophication state with denitrification also occurring. Considering the relatively high concentrations of dissolved CO2, an external input of carbon dioxide cannot be completely excluded and as a consequence, not even the hypothesis of mixing processes between biotic and inorganic CO2. This makes further investigations necessary especially during the summer, when the lake is stratified. A summer survey could be also useful to better understand the microbial processes into the lake, its eutrophication evolution and health status, and to plan eventual proper remediation strategies, providing important tools to the local administration and stakeholders to improve, protect and preserve this ecological niche.
    Description: Published
    Description: 436-449
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 7
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    Interplay between abiotic and microbial biofilm-mediated processes for travertine formation: Insights from a thermal spring (Piscine Carletti, Viterbo, Italy) (2023)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Active hydrothermal travertine systems are ideal environments to investigate how abiotic and biotic processes affect mineralization mechanisms and mineral fabric formation. In this study, a biogeochemical characterization of waters, dissolved gases, and microbial mats was performed together with a mineralogical investigation on travertine encrustations occurring at the outflow channel of a thermal spring. The comprehensive model, compiled by means of TOUGHREACT computational tool from measured parameters, revealed that mineral phases were differently influenced by either abiotic conditions or microbially driven processes. Microbial mats are shaped by light availability and temperature gradient of waters flowing along the channel. Mineralogical features were homogeneous throughout the system, with euhedral calcite crystals, related to inorganic precipitation induced by CO2 degassing, and calcite shrubs associated with organomineralization processes, thus indicating an indirect microbial participation to the mineral deposition (microbially influenced calcite). The microbial activity played a role in driving calcite redissolution processes, resulting in circular pits on calcite crystal surfaces possibly related to the metabolic activity of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria found at a high relative abundance within the biofilm community. Sulfur oxidation might also explain the occurrence of gypsum crystals embedded in microbial mats, since gypsum precipitation could be induced by a local increase in sulfate concentration mediated by S-oxidizing bacteria, regardless of the overall undersaturated environmental conditions. Moreover, the absence of gypsum dissolution suggested the capability of microbial biofilm in modulating the mobility of chemical species by providing a protective envelope on gypsum crystals.
    Description: Published
    Description: 837-856
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: biofilms; gypsum; hot spring; microbial mat; travertine
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
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