Keywords:
Extreme environments-Microbiology.
;
Electronic books.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (298 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9783030361921
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6212464
DDC:
578.75800000000004
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editor -- About the Contributors -- Part I: General Considerations -- Chapter 1: Origin and Evolution of the Central Andes: Deserts, Salars, Lakes, and Volcanoes -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Noncollisional Orogen -- 1.3 Morphostructural Units -- 1.4 Geological Provinces -- 1.4.1 The Peruvian-Chilean Trench -- 1.4.2 The Coastal Cordillera -- 1.4.3 The Central Depression -- 1.4.4 The Domeyko Cordillera -- 1.4.5 The Central Volcanic Zone -- 1.4.6 The Altiplano-Puna High Plateau -- 1.4.7 The Eastern Cordillera -- 1.4.8 The Subandean Ranges -- 1.4.9 The Chaco Plain -- 1.5 Climatic Extremes: Jungle and Deserts -- 1.6 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Modern Microbial Mats and Endoevaporite Systems in Andean Lakes: A General Approach -- 2.1 Background -- 2.2 Importance of Microbe-Mineral-Earth Changes -- 2.3 Extreme Conditions in the Andean Altiplano -- 2.4 The Andean Altiplano: A Counterpart of the Early Earth, Where the Oldest Forms of Life on the Planet are Still Alive -- 2.5 The Andean Altiplano and the Red Planet -- 2.6 Biofilms, Mats, Evaporitic Mats, and Microbialites -- References -- Part II: Preandean and Andean Atacama Desert: Life at Limits -- Chapter 3: The Desert Polyextreme Environment and Endolithic Habitats -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Characterizing the Polyextreme Environment of the Atacama Desert -- 3.3 Endolithic Microbial Colonization of the Preandean Depression and Western Cordillera -- 3.4 Drivers of Endolithic Microbial Colonization: Rock Physical Properties and Their Architecture -- 3.4.1 Rock Porosity -- 3.4.2 Water -- 3.4.3 Rock Light Properties -- 3.4.4 Rock Thermal Properties -- 3.4.5 Rock Architecture -- 3.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: Preandean Atacama Desert Endolithic Microbiology -- 4.1 Introduction.
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4.2 A Multidisciplinary Approach for Describing EMCs Structure, Composition, and Spatial Arrangement -- 4.3 Supporting the Microbial Community: Photoautotrophs as Primary Producers -- 4.3.1 Cyanobacteria -- 4.3.2 Eukaryotic Phototrophs -- 4.4 Diversity of Heterotrophs in Communities of the Preandean Depression of the Atacama Desert -- 4.5 Future Directions of Research -- References -- Chapter 5: Desert Biosignatures -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Microbial Pigments as Biosignatures -- 5.3 Protective Role of Pigments -- 5.3.1 Stratification of Pigments in Preandean Depression Rocks -- 5.3.2 Scytonemin -- 5.4 Algal Lipids -- 5.5 Raman Spectroscopic Approaches to Desert Biosignature Detection -- 5.5.1 Some Aspects of Point Raman Analysis of Biomolecules in Preandean Depression Rocks -- 5.5.2 Miniaturized Raman Spectrometers and Desert Mars Analogs -- 5.5.3 Raman Imaging -- 5.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Microbial Characterization of Andean Peatland's Soil -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Andean Wetlands: The Importance -- 6.3 Impact on Water Resource -- 6.4 Microbiology of the Soils -- References -- Part III: Life in Andean Volcanoes and Fumaroles -- Chapter 7: Of Microbes and Mummies: Tales of Microbial Activity and Inactivity at 6000 m a.s.l. -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Preservation of Human Remains at Extreme Elevations -- 7.3 Microbial Life in Surface Tephra on Llullaillaco and Socompa -- 7.4 Microbial Communities of Fumarolic Soils Above 6000 m a.s.l. -- 7.5 Microbial Communities of Soils Associated with "Nieves Penitentes" (Penitentes) -- 7.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: A Unique Natural Laboratory to Study Polyextremophile Microorganisms: Diamante Lake as a Window to the Origin of Life -- 8.1 Diamante Lake: A Unique Environment on Earth -- 8.2 Biological Role of Arsenic in the Central Andean Wetlands.
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8.3 Microbial Diversity in Diamante Lake -- 8.4 Arsenic Metabolism in Diamante's Biofilms -- 8.4.1 Arsenic Detoxifying Mechanism -- 8.4.2 Arsenotrophy -- 8.5 Conclusions -- References -- Part IV: Evaporitic Microbial Ecosystems at Salars: Living in the Salt -- Chapter 9: Microbial Communities Composition, Activity, and Dynamics at Salar de Huasco: A Polyextreme Environment in the Chilean Altiplano -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Microbial Diversity in Salar de Huasco -- 9.2.1 Bacterial Diversity -- 9.2.2 Archaeal Diversity -- 9.2.3 Viral Abundance and Diversity -- 9.2.4 Eukaryotic Microorganism Diversity -- 9.3 Adaptations of Microorganisms to Polyextreme Conditions -- 9.3.1 Effects of High Solar Radiation on the Microbial Community Composition of Salar de Huasco -- 9.4 Biogeochemical Cycles and Greenhouse Production -- 9.5 Microbial Conservation -- References -- Chapter 10: Prokaryotic Diversity at the Hypersaline Laguna Tebenquiche in the Salar de Atacama, Chile -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Culture-Dependent Studies in Laguna Tebenquiche -- 10.3 Culture-Independent Studies in Laguna Tebenquiche -- 10.3.1 Dominant Prokaryotic Groups -- 10.3.1.1 Phototrophic Bacteria -- 10.4 Metagenomic Studies in Laguna Tebenquiche -- 10.4.1 Bacterial Diversity -- 10.4.2 Archaeal Diversity -- 10.5 Arsenic Metabolism in Tebenquiche Lake -- 10.6 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 11: Complete Characterization of Stratified Ecosystems of the Salar de Llamara (Atacama Desert) -- 11.1 Background -- 11.2 Physicochemical Parameters in the Water from the Salar the Llamara -- 11.3 Unravelling the Microbial World Harboring Stratified Ecosystems in the Salar de Llamara -- 11.3.1 Microbial Mats -- 11.3.2 Evaporitic Domes -- 11.4 Diversity of the Evaporitic Gypsum Domes Along of the Stations in Llamara 1 -- 11.5 Characterization of the Evaporitic Gypsum Domes in Llamara 2.
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11.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Microbial Diversity in Athalassohaline Argentinean Salterns -- 12.1 Athalassohaline Environments and Their Principal Representatives -- 12.2 Athalassohaline Environments in the Argentinean Altiplano and Their Physicochemical Composition -- 12.3 Microbial Diversity in Argentinean Lakes -- 12.4 Microbial Diversity in HAAL -- 12.5 Benthic Communities in HAAL -- References -- Part V: Carbonatic Microbialites at Central Andean Lakes -- Chapter 13: Characterization of Microbialites and Microbial Mats of the Laguna Negra Hypersaline Lake (Puna of Catamarca, Argentina) -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Geological and Environmental Setting -- 13.3 Microbialite Spatial Zoning in the Laguna Negra -- 13.4 Microbialites Macro-Morphologies -- 13.5 Stable Isotopes of the Laguna Negra Microbialites (Carbon and Oxygen) -- 13.6 Microbial Mats Diversity -- 13.6.1 Orange Stratified Mat (OSM) -- 13.6.2 Pink Stratified Mat (PSM) -- 13.6.3 Green Patch (GP) -- 13.6.4 Black Patch (BP) -- 13.6.5 Green Mat (GM) -- 13.6.6 Black Pustular Mat (BPM) -- 13.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 14: Extreme Microbiology at Laguna Socompa: A High-Altitude Andean Lake (3570 m a.s.l.) in Salta, Argentina -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 The Environment -- 14.3 Microbial Diversity -- 14.3.1 Microbes from the Lake Water/Sediments -- 14.3.2 Stromatolites -- 14.3.3 Soil Microbes -- 14.4 Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- Chapter 15: Mats and Microbialites from Laguna La Brava -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Benthic Microbial Ecosystems in Laguna La Brava -- 15.2.1 Sediment Geochemistry -- 15.3 Microbial Diversity and Alternative Pathways for Carbon Fixation -- 15.4 Arsenic Metabolism in Laguna La Brava, an Early-Earth Counterpart -- 15.5 Concluding Remarks -- References.
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Chapter 16: The Carbonate System in Hypersaline Lakes: The Case of Laguna Negra (in the Puna Region of Catamarca, Argentina) -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 The Laguna Negra Carbonate System: Comparison with Other Lakes in the Puna -- 16.3 pH and Salinity of Some Puna-Altiplano Lakes -- 16.4 CO2 Degassing and pH -- 16.5 Calcite and Aragonite Saturation and Processes Triggering Carbonate Precipitation -- 16.6 The Mg/Ca Molar Ratio of Laguna Negra and Other Puna-Altiplano Lakes -- 16.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Part VI: Generalities and Particularities of Microbial Ecosystems at the Central the Andes -- Chapter 17: Integral Prospection of Andean Microbial Ecosystem Project -- 17.1 Introduction: Particular Characteristics of Andean Microbial Ecosystems -- 17.2 Diatoms -- 17.3 Microbial Diversity and Carbon Fixation Pathways -- 17.4 Archaea in Andean Microbial Ecosystems -- 17.5 Microbial Rhodopsin Systems -- 17.6 The Prospection -- 17.6.1 Chile: The Atacama Desert -- 17.6.2 Argentine: The Puna -- 17.6.3 Bolivia: The Altiplano -- References -- Chapter 18: Linear Megaplasmids Spreading in the Andean Resistome -- 18.1 Introduction-Extreme Environments -- 18.2 Actinobacteria -- 18.3 Actinobacteria from High-Altitude Wetlands and Lakes -- 18.4 Plasmids -- 18.4.1 Linear Plasmids -- 18.4.1.1 Linear Hairpin Elements -- 18.4.1.2 Linear Elements with 5′-Attached Proteins -- 18.5 Phenotypes Attributed to Actinobacterial Linear Plasmids -- 18.6 Characterization of Novel Linear Megaplasmids of Actinobacteria from High-Altitude Lakes -- 18.7 Plasmidome -- 18.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 19: Arsenic and Its Biological Role: From Early Earth to Current Andean Microbial Ecosystems -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Arsenic in the Origin of Life -- 19.2.1 Primitive Earth Characteristics -- 19.2.2 Arsenic in the First Steps of Life.
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19.2.3 Bioenergetic Role of Arsenic in Andean Microbial Ecosystems.
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