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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-06-23
    Description: In the solar system, the planets' compositions vary with orbital distance, with rocky planets in close orbits and lower-density gas giants in wider orbits. The detection of close-in giant planets around other stars was the first clue that this pattern is not universal and that planets' orbits can change substantially after their formation. Here, we report another violation of the orbit-composition pattern: two planets orbiting the same star with orbital distances differing by only 10% and densities differing by a factor of 8. One planet is likely a rocky "super-Earth," whereas the other is more akin to Neptune. These planets are 20 times more closely spaced and have a larger density contrast than any adjacent pair of planets in the solar system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter, Joshua A -- Agol, Eric -- Chaplin, William J -- Basu, Sarbani -- Bedding, Timothy R -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Deck, Katherine M -- Elsworth, Yvonne -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Ford, Eric B -- Fortney, Jonathan J -- Hale, Steven J -- Handberg, Rasmus -- Hekker, Saskia -- Holman, Matthew J -- Huber, Daniel -- Karoff, Christopher -- Kawaler, Steven D -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Lopez, Eric D -- Lund, Mikkel N -- Lundkvist, Mia -- Metcalfe, Travis S -- Miglio, Andrea -- Rogers, Leslie A -- Stello, Dennis -- Borucki, William J -- Bryson, Steve -- Christiansen, Jessie L -- Cochran, William D -- Geary, John C -- Gilliland, Ronald L -- Haas, Michael R -- Hall, Jennifer -- Howard, Andrew W -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Klaus, Todd -- Koch, David G -- Latham, David W -- MacQueen, Phillip J -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Steffen, Jason H -- Twicken, Joseph D -- Winn, Joshua N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Aug 3;337(6094):556-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1223269. Epub 2012 Jun 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. jacarter@cfa.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22722249" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-02-22
    Description: Since the discovery of the first exoplanets, it has been known that other planetary systems can look quite unlike our own. Until fairly recently, we have been able to probe only the upper range of the planet size distribution, and, since last year, to detect planets that are the size of Earth or somewhat smaller. Hitherto, no planets have been found that are smaller than those we see in the Solar System. Here we report a planet significantly smaller than Mercury. This tiny planet is the innermost of three that orbit the Sun-like host star, which we have designated Kepler-37. Owing to its extremely small size, similar to that of the Moon, and highly irradiated surface, the planet, Kepler-37b, is probably rocky with no atmosphere or water, similar to Mercury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barclay, Thomas -- Rowe, Jason F -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Huber, Daniel -- Fressin, Francois -- Howell, Steve B -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Chaplin, William J -- Desert, Jean-Michel -- Lopez, Eric D -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Mullally, Fergal -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Torres, Guillermo -- Adams, Elisabeth R -- Agol, Eric -- Barrado, David -- Basu, Sarbani -- Bedding, Timothy R -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Charbonneau, David -- Christiansen, Jessie L -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Ciardi, David -- Cochran, William D -- Dupree, Andrea K -- Elsworth, Yvonne -- Everett, Mark -- Fischer, Debra A -- Ford, Eric B -- Fortney, Jonathan J -- Geary, John C -- Haas, Michael R -- Handberg, Rasmus -- Hekker, Saskia -- Henze, Christopher E -- Horch, Elliott -- Howard, Andrew W -- Hunter, Roger C -- Isaacson, Howard -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Karoff, Christoffer -- Kawaler, Steven D -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Klaus, Todd C -- Latham, David W -- Li, Jie -- Lillo-Box, Jorge -- Lund, Mikkel N -- Lundkvist, Mia -- Metcalfe, Travis S -- Miglio, Andrea -- Morris, Robert L -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Stello, Dennis -- Smith, Jeffrey C -- Still, Martin -- Thompson, Susan E -- England -- Nature. 2013 Feb 28;494(7438):452-4. doi: 10.1038/nature11914. Epub 2013 Feb 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA. thomas.barclay@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23426260" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 164 (1996), S. 97-102 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Keywords: Refraction ; Plasma ; Solar corona
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present expressions which describe the angular displacement of radio sources due to refraction in a magnetized plasma. The main objective of the present paper is to take into account the combined effect of gradients of the electron density and the magnetic field. We use the geometrical optics approximation for the determination of the angular broadening of the radiation. The expressions obtained are applied to the case of the solar corona.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Radiophysics and quantum electronics 39 (1996), S. 84-89 
    ISSN: 1573-9120
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The propagation of electromagnetic waves in a moving isotropic plasma and in a moving magnetoactive plasma is considered using the invariant methods of tensor analysis. Expressions are obtained for the dielectric permittivity tensor, the dispersion equations, and the refractive indexes of electromagnetic waves in these media. Using these results it is possible to establish corrections to the angular displacement which occurs when radiation passes through a moving electron plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-08-01
    Description: Background: A major challenge in updating clinical guidelines is to efficiently identify new, relevant evidence. We evaluated the efficiency and feasibility of two new approaches: the development of restrictive search strategies using PubMed Clinical Queries for MEDLINE and the use of the PLUS (McMaster Premium Literature Service) database. Methods: We evaluated a random sample of recommendations from a national guideline development program and identified the references that would potentially trigger an update (key references) using an exhaustive approach.We designed restrictive search strategies using the minimum number of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and text words required from the original exhaustive search strategies and applying broad and narrow filters. We developed PLUS search strategies, matching Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) terms with guideline topics. We compared the number of key references retrieved by these approaches with those retrieved by the exhaustive approach. Results: The restrictive approach retrieved 68.1 % fewer references than the exhaustive approach (12,486 versus 39,136), and identified 89.9 % (62/69) of key references and 88 % (22/25) of recommendation updates. The use of PLUS retrieved 88.5 % fewer references than the exhaustive approach (4,486 versus 39,136) and identified substantially fewer key references (18/69, 26.1 %) and fewer recommendation updates (10/25, 40 %). Conclusions: The proposed restrictive approach is a highly efficient and feasible method to identify new evidence that triggers a recommendation update. Searching only in the PLUS database proved to be a suboptimal approach and suggests the need for topic-specific tailoring.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2288
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-06-03
    Description: Author(s): Y.-J. Chen, W. K. Tham, D. E. Krause, D. López, E. Fischbach, and R. S. Decca We report the results of new differential force measurements between a test mass and rotating source masses of gold and silicon to search for forces beyond Newtonian gravity at short separations. The technique employed subtracts the otherwise dominant Casimir force at the outset and, when combined w… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 221102] Published Thu Jun 02, 2016
    Keywords: Gravitation and Astrophysics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-05-12
    Description: A correlation between giant-planet mass and atmospheric heavy elemental abundance was first noted in the past century from observations of planets in our own Solar System and has served as a cornerstone of planet-formation theory. Using data from the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes from 0.5 to 5 micrometers, we conducted a detailed atmospheric study of the transiting Neptune-mass exoplanet HAT-P-26b. We detected prominent H 2 O absorption bands with a maximum base-to-peak amplitude of 525 parts per million in the transmission spectrum. Using the water abundance as a proxy for metallicity, we measured HAT-P-26b’s atmospheric heavy element content ( 4.8–4.0+21.5 times solar). This likely indicates that HAT-P-26b’s atmosphere is primordial and obtained its gaseous envelope late in its disk lifetime, with little contamination from metal-rich planetesimals.
    Keywords: Astronomy, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Planetary Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-11-05
    Description: Motivation: Water molecules are key players for protein folding and function. On the protein surface, water is not placed randomly, but display instead a particular structure evidenced by the presence of specific water sites (WS). These WS can be derived and characterized using explicit water Molecular Dynamics simulations, providing useful information for ligand binding prediction and design. Here we present WATCLUST, a WS determination and analysis tool running on the VMD platform. The tool also allows direct transfer of the WS information to Autodock program to perform biased docking. Availability and implementation: The WATCLUST plugin and documentation are freely available at http://sbg.qb.fcen.uba.ar/watclust/ . Contact: marcelo@qi.fcen.uba.ar , adrian@qi.fcen.uba.ar
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
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