Keywords:
Stream ecology.
;
Electronic books.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (624 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9780128039045
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=4913723
DDC:
577.6/4
Language:
English
Note:
Front Cover -- Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Ecology and Management -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1: General Introduction -- 1.1 What Are Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams (IRES)? -- 1.2 Causes of Flow Intermittence -- 1.3 Global Distribution and Areal Importance of IRES -- 1.4 Trends in a Context of Water Scarcity and Climate Change -- 1.5 Ecological Features of IRES -- 1.6 Legislation, Protection, Restoration, and Management of IRES -- 1.7 The Structure of This Book -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2.1: Geomorphology and Sediment Regimes of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams -- 2.1.1 Introduction -- Determinants of IRES Catchment Conditions -- Geomorphological Zones in IRES -- 2.1.2 Upland Zone -- 2.1.3 Piedmont Zone -- 2.1.4 Lowland Zone -- 2.1.5 Floodout Zone -- 2.1.6 Distinctions in IRES Longitudinal Trends -- 2.1.7 Influence of Human Activities on IRES Morphology and Sediment Regimes -- 2.1.8 Diversity of IRES at a Global Scale -- 2.1.9 Synthesis and New Research Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2.2: Flow Regimes in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams -- 2.2.1 Introduction -- 2.2.2 Controls on the Natural Flow Regime of IRES -- 2.2.3 Methods to Characterize Flow Regimes of IRES -- Wet/Dry Mapping -- Imagery: From Satellites to Site Cameras -- Field Loggers and Flow Surrogates -- Hydrological Metrics -- Modeling -- 2.2.4 Describing and Classifying Flow Regimes of IRES: Case Studies -- 2.2.5 Conclusions: Research Needs and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 2.3: Hydrological Connectivity in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams -- 2.3.1 Introduction -- 2.3.2 What Governs Hydrological Connectivity in IRES?.
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2.3.3 Hydrological Connectivity, Intermittence, and Surface Water Drying and Rewetting in IRES -- 2.3.4 Longitudinal Hydrological Connectivity in IRES -- 2.3.5 Lateral Hydrological Connectivity in IRES -- 2.3.6 Vertical Hydrological Connectivity in IRES -- 2.3.7 A Preliminary Conceptual Framework for Exploring Intermittence, Connectivity, and Interacting Hydrological Dimensio ... -- 2.3.8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3.1: Water Physicochemistry in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams -- 3.1.1 Introduction -- 3.1.2 Spatial Variability of Physicochemistry in IRES -- The Longitudinal Dimension -- The Vertical Dimension -- The Lateral Dimension -- 3.1.3 Temporal Variability of Water Physicochemistry in IRES -- Daily Variability -- Seasonal Variability -- Seasonal variability along the longitudinal dimension -- Seasonal variability along the vertical dimension -- Seasonal variability along the lateral dimension -- Interannual Variability in Physicochemistry: Some Factors Involved -- Temporal Variability at Longer Scales: IRES in the Context of Global Change -- 3.1.4 Changes in Water Physicochemistry During Drying and Rewetting -- Physicochemistry in Remnant Pools -- Temperature -- Dissolved oxygen -- Salinity -- Turbidity -- pH -- Physicochemistry During Complete Drying and the Rewetting Front -- 3.1.5 Conclusions -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3.2: Nutrient and Organic Matter Dynamics in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams -- 3.2.1 The 'Biogeochemical Heartbeat' of IRES -- 3.2.2 Nutrient and OM Dynamics Across Hydrological Phases in IRES -- Contraction -- Fragmentation -- Drying (Desiccation) -- Expansion -- 3.2.3 Knowledge Gaps and Research Opportunities -- References -- Chapter 4.1: The Biota of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Prokaryotes, Fungi, and Protozoans.
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4.1.1 Role and Relevance of Microbes in IRES -- 4.1.2 Diversity of Prokaryotes in IRES -- Factors Controlling Prokaryotic Communities in IRES -- Prokaryotic Diversity in IRES vs perennial rivers and streams -- 4.1.3 Diversity of Fungi in IRES -- Factors Controlling Fungal Communities in IRES -- Fungal Diversity in IRES vs perennial rivers and streams -- 4.1.4 Diversity of Protozoans in IRES -- Factors Controlling Protozoan Communities in IRES -- Protozoan Diversity in IRES vs. Perennial Rivers and Streams -- 4.1.5 Resistance and Resilience of Microbes in IRES -- Refugial Habitats -- Microbial Life Strategies -- 4.1.6 Microbial Diversity and Ecosystem Functioning in IRES -- Roles of Microbes in River Ecosystem Functioning -- Microbial Functioning in IRES and Links With Microbial Community Structure -- 4.1.7 Future Challenges -- References -- Chapter 4.2: The Biota of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Algae and Vascular Plants -- 4.2.1 Introduction: Primary Producers in IRES -- 4.2.2 Microbial Primary Producers in IRES: Cyanobacteria and Algae -- Morphological and Physiological Adaptations to Drying -- Algal-Derived Stream Metabolism in IRES -- Latitudinal Variation in Algal Community Composition -- Mediterranean IRES -- Hot-desert IRES -- Cold-desert IRES -- 4.2.3 Vascular Aquatic Plants -- Vascular Macrophytes in IRES -- Vascular Plant Adaptations to Drying -- Functional groups -- Life History Traits Involved in Tolerance to Drying -- Implications of Drying for Vascular Plant Species Richness -- 4.2.4 Vascular Riparian Plants -- Riparian Vegetation Along IRES in Different Ecoregions -- Riparian Plant Adaptations in IRES -- Reproductive Trait Adaptations and Trade-Offs -- Landscape Biodiversity Patterns -- Landscape context and connectivity -- Rare and endemic riparian species -- Riparian community context.
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4.2.5 Conservation and Management Issues of Primary Producers in IRES -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 4.3: The Biota of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Aquatic Invertebrates -- 4.3.1 Introduction -- 4.3.2 IRES as Habitats for Aquatic Invertebrates -- 4.3.3 Taxonomic Diversity of IRES Invertebrate Communities -- Temporal Variability in Taxonomic Diversity -- Spatial Variability in Taxonomic Diversity -- Phylogenetic Diversity -- 4.3.4 Functional Diversity of IRES Invertebrate Communities -- 4.3.5 Invertebrate Adaptations to Flow Intermittence -- Refuge Use Promotes Persistence in IRES -- Life Cycle Adaptations and Refuge Use Interact to Promote Survival -- Adaptations to IRES Are Trade-Offs That Also Influence Other Aspects of Survival -- 4.3.6 Threats to IRES Invertebrate Communities -- 4.3.7 Managing IRES to Promote Aquatic Invertebrate Biodiversity -- 4.3.8 Conclusions and Future Research Priorities -- References -- Chapter 4.4: The Biota of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Terrestrial AND Semiaquatic Invertebrates -- 4.4.1 Introduction -- 4.4.2 Habitat Requirements of IRES Invertebrates -- 4.4.3 Taxonomic Diversity of TSAI Communities -- 4.4.4 Functional Diversity of TSAI Communities -- 4.4.5 Adaptations of TSAI to Flow Intermittence -- 4.4.6 Threats to the TSAI Communities of IRES -- 4.4.7 Managing IRES to Preserve TSAI Diversity and Their Ecological Functions -- 4.4.8 Knowledge Gaps and Research Needs -- 4.4.9 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4.5: The Biota of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Fishes -- 4.5.1 Introduction -- 4.5.2 The fish fauna of IRES -- African IRES and Their Fishes -- Australian IRES and Their Fishes -- North American IRES and Their Fishes -- IRES of Mediterranean Europe and Their Fishes -- 4.5.3 Why Do Fish Live in IRES? -- 4.5.4 How Do Fish Survive in IRES?.
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4.5.5 Threats to Fishes in Intermittent Rivers -- Drought and Climate Change -- Water Extraction, River Regulation, and Fragmentation of Habitat -- Alien Species -- 4.5.6 Conservation Priorities for Fish in IRES -- 4.5.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4.6: The Biota of Intermittent and Ephemeral Rivers: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals -- 4.6.1 Introduction -- 4.6.2 Importance of IRES for Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals -- Water and Food Resources -- Breeding and Nesting Sites -- Aquatic and Terrestrial Movement Corridors -- Migration Stopovers and Resting and Shelter Areas -- 4.6.3 Ecological Roles of Wildlife in IRES -- Consumers, Prey, and Seed Dispersal Agents -- Landscape Engineers -- Nutrient Cycling -- 4.6.4 Flow Intermittence Effects on Wildlife -- Amphibians -- Reptiles -- Birds -- Mammals -- 4.6.5 Wildlife Adaptations to Cope With Flow Intermittence -- Morphological Adaptations -- Physiological Adaptation -- Behavioral Adaptations -- 4.6.6 Vulnerability, Conservation, and Management of Wildlife in IRES -- Flow Alteration and Habitat Degradation -- Water Pollution -- Spread of Invasive Species and Diseases -- Climate Change -- Recommendations for Conservation and Management in the Context of Global Change -- 4.6.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4.7: Food Webs and Trophic Interactions in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams -- 4.7.1 Introduction -- 4.7.2 The Base of IRES Food Webs -- 4.7.3 Consumer-Resource Dynamics in IRES -- 4.7.4 Multidimensional Interactions Within IRES -- Longitudinal Interactions -- Lateral Interactions -- Vertical Interactions -- 4.7.5 Effects of Regional Differences on Food Webs in IRES -- 4.7.6 Structure of IRES Food Webs -- 4.7.7 Trophic Interactions in IRES in the Future -- References -- Further Reading.
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Chapter 4.8: Resistance, Resilience, and Community Recovery in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams.
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