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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological response of five forest ecosystems in the EXMAN project to input changes of water, nutrients and atmospheric loads
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Forest Ecology and Management 68 (1994), S. 15-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1127
    Keywords: Atmospheric load ; Biological response ; Ecosystem manipulation ; Nutrient supply ; Water supply
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(94)90134-1
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of sites in the EXMAN project, with respect to atmospheric deposition and the chemical composition of the soil solution and foliage
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Forest Ecology and Management 68 (1994), S. 3-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1127
    Keywords: Atmospheric deposition ; Chemical composition ; Foliage ; Nutrient status ; Soil solution
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(94)90133-3
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The exman project—Biogeochemical fluxes in plantation forests on acid soils (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 1653-1658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Atmospheric deposition ; Nitrogen ; Acidification ; Sulphur dioxide ; Ammonia ; Chloride ; Precipitation ; Throughfall ; Soil water ; Litter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract As a basis for experimentation, inputs and outputs of biogeochemicals were observed in coniferous stands in Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany and Ireland. The range of deposition observed is characteristic of populated regions of northwest Europe, from only moderately polluted Atlantic areas through decreasing marine influence and increasing deposition of anthropogenic nitrogen and sulphur. In intensive agricultural regions, ammonium inputs are high enough to cause nitrogen saturation of ecosystems, and nitrificationacidification is a major soil process. Co-deposition of ammonia and sulphur dioxide may be significantly increasing loads of N and S in forests in the region. Input-outputs are balanced for seasalts in the maritime sites, and sulphur outputs from the rooting zone also reflect the inputs to a large degree on these sites. Mobilisation of cations, notably aluminium, apparently occurs as a result of acidity generated by nitrogen transformations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00477217
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fermi surface and extended van Hove singularity in the non-cuprate layered perovskite superconductor Sr2RuO4 (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 105 (1996), S. 1587-1592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Keywords: 79.60.Bm ; 73.20.Dx ; 74.70.Ad ; 74.80.Dm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract With high-resolution (≈22 meV) angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, the Fermi surface of the first copper free layered-perovskite superconductor, Sr2RuO4, was determined. We observed three bands to cross the Fermi energy in qualitative agreement with LDA band structure calculations; one electron-like surface encircling the $$\overline \Gamma$$ point in the projected Brillouin zone, and two hole-like surfaces around the $$\overline X$$ point. The most striking aspect of the measurements is the observation of an extended van Hove singularity. It is located 17 meV below the Fermi energy and extends around the $$\overline M$$ point for about 0.2 Å−1 along both the $$\overline \Gamma$$ — $$\overline M$$ — $$\overline \Gamma$$ and the $$\overline X$$ — $$\overline M$$ — $$\overline X$$ directions.These observations demonstrate that van Hove singularities near the Fermi surface are a more generic feature of layered oxides, and call for a clarification of their exact role in oxide superconductivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00753926
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  • 5
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    Metabolic remodeling of white adipose tissue in obesity (2014)
    The American Physiological Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-02
    Description: Adipose tissue metabolism is a critical regulator of adiposity and whole body energy expenditure; however, metabolic changes that occur in white adipose tissue (WAT) with obesity remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to understand the metabolic and bioenergetic changes occurring in WAT with obesity. Wild-type (C57BL/6J) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) showed significant increases in whole body adiposity, had significantly lower V o 2 , V co 2 , and respiratory exchange ratios, and demonstrated worsened glucose and insulin tolerance compared with low-fat-fed mice. Metabolomic analysis of WAT showed marked changes in lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate, nucleotide, and energy metabolism. Tissue levels of succinate and malate were elevated, and metabolites that could enter the Krebs cycle via anaplerosis were mostly diminished in high-fat-fed mice, suggesting altered mitochondrial metabolism. Despite no change in basal oxygen consumption or mitochondrial DNA abundance, citrate synthase activity was decreased by more than 50%, and responses to FCCP were increased in WAT from mice fed a high-fat diet. Moreover, Pgc1a was downregulated and Cox7a1 upregulated after 6 wk of HFD. After 12 wk of high-fat diet, the abundance of several proteins in the mitochondrial respiratory chain or matrix was diminished. These changes were accompanied by increased Parkin and Pink1, decreased p62 and LC3-I, and ultrastructural changes suggestive of autophagy and mitochondrial remodeling. These studies demonstrate coordinated restructuring of metabolism and autophagy that could contribute to the hypertrophy and whitening of adipose tissue in obesity.
    Print ISSN: 0193-1849
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-1555
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Physiological Society (APS)
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  • 6
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    Cardiomyocyte Ogt is essential for postnatal viability (2014)
    The American Physiological Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-02
    Description: The singly coded gene O -linked-β- N -acetylglucosamine ( O -GlcNAc) transferase ( Ogt ) resides on the X chromosome and is necessary for embryonic stem cell viability during embryogenesis. In mature cells, this enzyme catalyzes the posttranslational modification known as O -GlcNAc to various cellular proteins. Several groups, including our own, have shown that acute increases in protein O -GlcNAcylation are cardioprotective both in vitro and in vivo. Yet, little is known about how OGT affects cardiac function because total body knockout (KO) animals are not viable. Presently, we sought to establish the potential involvement of cardiomyocyte Ogt in cardiac maturation. Initially, we characterized a constitutive cardiomyocyte-specific (cm)OGT KO (c-cmOGT KO) mouse and found that only 12% of the c-cmOGT KO mice survived to weaning age (4 wk old); the surviving animals were smaller than their wild-type littermates, had dilated hearts, and showed overt signs of heart failure. Dysfunctional c-cmOGT KO hearts were more fibrotic, apoptotic, and hypertrophic. Several glycolytic genes were also upregulated; however, there were no gross changes in mitochondrial O 2 consumption. Histopathology of the KO hearts indicated the potential involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress, directing us to evaluate expression of 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein and protein disulfide isomerase, which were elevated. Additional groups of mice were subjected to inducible deletion of cmOGT, which did not produce overt dysfunction within the first couple of weeks of deletion. Yet, long-term loss (via inducible deletion) of cmOGT produced gradual and progressive cardiomyopathy. Thus, cardiomyocyte Ogt is necessary for maturation of the mammalian heart, and inducible deletion of cmOGT in the adult mouse produces progressive ventricular dysfunction.
    Print ISSN: 0363-6135
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-1539
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Physiological Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    Furanocoumarins Modulate TRPV1 Activity [Molecular Biophysics] (2014)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: Furanocoumarin imperatorin is the major active component of Angelica dahurica root extracts, widely used in traditional medicine to treat headache, toothache, and orbital eye pain. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms that may underlie the pain-relieving effects of the compound. We found that imperatorin significantly inhibited formalin- and capsaicin-induced nocifensive responses but did not alter baseline thermal withdrawal thresholds in the rat. We established that imperatorin is a weak agonist of TRPV1, a channel implicated in detecting several noxious stimuli, exhibiting a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 12.6 ± 3.2 μm. A specific TRPV1 antagonist, JNJ-17203212 (0.5 μm), potently inhibited imperatorin-induced TRPV1 activation. Site-directed mutagenesis studies revealed that imperatorin most likely acted via a site adjacent to or overlapping with the TRPV1 capsaicin-binding site. TRPV1 recovery from desensitization was delayed in the presence of imperatorin. Conversely, imperatorin sensitized TRPV1 to acid activation but did not affect the current amplitude and/or the activation-inactivation properties of Nav1.7, a channel important for transmission of nociceptive information. Thus, our data indicate that furanocoumarins represent a novel group of TRPV1 modulators that may become important lead compounds in the drug discovery process aimed at developing new treatments for pain management.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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  • 8
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    Blanks, a nuclear siRNA/dsRNA-binding complex component, is required for Drosophila spermiogenesis [Biochemistry] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-23
    Description: Small RNAs and a diverse array of protein partners control gene expression in eukaryotes through a variety of mechanisms. By combining siRNA affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry, we have identified the double-stranded RNA-binding domain protein Blanks to be an siRNA- and dsRNA-binding protein from Drosophila S2 cells. We find that Blanks is a nuclear factor that contributes to the efficiency of RNAi. Biochemical fractionation of a Blanks-containing complex shows that the Blanks complex is unlike previously described RNA-induced silencing complexes and associates with the DEAD-box helicase RM62, a protein previously implicated in RNA silencing. In flies, Blanks is highly expressed in testes tissues and is necessary for postmeiotic spermiogenesis, but loss of Blanks is not accompanied by detectable transposon derepression. Instead, genes related to innate immunity pathways are up-regulated in blanks mutant testes. These results reveal Blanks to be a unique component of a nuclear siRNA/dsRNA-binding complex that contributes to essential RNA silencing-related pathways in the male germ line.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Gating-Pore Currents Demonstrate Selective and Specific Modulation of Individual Sodium Channel Voltage-Sensors by Biological Toxins [Articles] (2014)
    The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-02
    Description: Voltage-gated sodium channels are critical determinants of nerve and muscle excitability. Although numerous toxins and small molecules target sodium channels, identifying the mechanisms of action is challenging. Here we used gating-pore currents selectively generated in each of the voltage-sensors from the four α-subunit domains (DI–DIV) to monitor the activity of individual voltage-sensors and to investigate the molecular determinants of sodium channel pharmacology. The tarantula toxin huwentoxin-IV (HWTX-IV), which inhibits sodium channel current, exclusively enhanced inward gating-pore currents through the DII voltage-sensor. By contrast, the tarantula toxin ProTx-II, which also inhibits sodium channel currents, altered the gating-pore currents in multiple voltage-sensors in a complex manner. Thus, whereas HWTX-IV inhibits central-pore currents by selectively trapping the DII voltage-sensor in the resting configuration, ProTx-II seems to inhibit central-pore currents by differentially altering the configuration of multiple voltage-sensors. The sea anemone toxin anthopleurin B, which impairs open-channel inactivation, exclusively enhanced inward gating-pore currents through the DIV voltage-sensor. This indicates that trapping the DIV voltage-sensor in the resting configuration selectively impairs open-channel inactivation. Furthermore, these data indicate that although activation of all four voltage-sensors is not required for central-pore current generation, activation of the DII voltage-sensor is crucial. Overall, our data demonstrate that gating-pore currents can determine the mechanism of action for sodium channel gating modifiers with high precision. We propose this approach could be adapted to identify the molecular mechanisms of action for gating modifiers of various voltage-gated ion channels.
    Print ISSN: 0026-895X
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-0111
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET)
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  • 10
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    CaMKII Modulation of NaV1.5 [Molecular Bases of Disease] (2012)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-14
    Description: The cardiac Na+ channel NaV1.5 current (INa) is critical to cardiac excitability, and altered INa gating has been implicated in genetic and acquired arrhythmias. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is up-regulated in heart failure and has been shown to cause INa gating changes that mimic those induced by a point mutation in humans that is associated with combined long QT and Brugada syndromes. We sought to identify the site(s) on NaV1.5 that mediate(s) the CaMKII-induced alterations in INa gating. We analyzed both CaMKII binding and CaMKII-dependent phosphorylation of the intracellularly accessible regions of NaV1.5 using a series of GST fusion constructs, immobilized peptide arrays, and soluble peptides. A stable interaction between δC-CaMKII and the intracellular loop between domains 1 and 2 of NaV1.5 was observed. This region was also phosphorylated by δC-CaMKII, specifically at the Ser-516 and Thr-594 sites. Wild-type (WT) and phosphomutant hNaV1.5 were co-expressed with GFP-δC-CaMKII in HEK293 cells, and INa was recorded. As observed in myocytes, CaMKII shifted WT INa availability to a more negative membrane potential and enhanced accumulation of INa into an intermediate inactivated state, but these effects were abolished by mutating either of these sites to non-phosphorylatable Ala residues. Mutation of these sites to phosphomimetic Glu residues negatively shifted INa availability without the need for CaMKII. CaMKII-dependent phosphorylation of NaV1.5 at multiple sites (including Thr-594 and Ser-516) appears to be required to evoke loss-of-function changes in gating that could contribute to acquired Brugada syndrome-like effects in heart failure.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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